Modern legislation does not contain a clear definition of the concept of “legal liability”. This is due to the presence of many author's points of view and opinions, where the definitions differ in meaning, and also have a wide range of embedded meanings. This situation leads to an ambiguous understanding or to an unjustified expansion of the interpretation due to the unjustified association of legal responsibility with other similar social and legal concepts and phenomena. As a result, there are discrepancies (...) in law enforcement practice. The article considers the shortcomings of the concept of a single legal liability, justifies the impossibility of combining positive and negative liability. Due to the fact that the legal literature has repeatedly concluded that it is necessary to conduct additional theoretical research to solve this problem, the author made an attempt to rethink the traditional view in this matter. In addition to general scientific methods of cognition, broader theoretical approaches to understanding the phenomenon of responsibility are proposed. First, responsibility is considered as a functional characteristic of the interaction of the elements that form its semantic content. Secondly, the concept is studied from the standpoint of dimensionality, i.e., from the point of view of the ability of a concept to have multiple values, depending on the number of selected keywords that are included in the definition of the concept. Thus, the definition of legal responsibility, on the example of criminal responsibility, is considered at two levels of abstraction: at the first level as a measure of responsibility; at the second-as the relationship between punishment and crime, which act as a fixed act or committed action. Based on the conducted structural research, the author's definition is formulated, which allows combining the main number of existing points of view and opinions on the definition of liability into a single principle of legal liability. For the first time, the concept of legal responsibility is considered as a logical and mathematical model that allows interpreting the legal concept based on the provisions of differential calculus. From a practical point of view, the use of extended methodological approaches should serve to organize various opinions into a single semantic understanding of legal responsibility. In the context of the widespread digitalization of law, the proposed methodology allows creating formalized structures of derived concepts used in various branches of law. (shrink)

Reveals that communities temporality as the ability to deploy policy processes over time shows the extent of a special type of existence of its institutions, relations ruling and opposition elites, individual and group actors, government and international organizations. Temporality characterizes political communities organize themselves as undulating, rhythmic and uneven process. It is found logic of the community as a nonlinear wave process, which has certain rhythms period, amplitude, speed and pace. This makes special demands: self-organizing processes in the community by (...) means of administrative actions must be in some way harmonized. Determined that the effectiveness of self-organizing communities depends largely on the extent to which management entities account for divergence amplitude controlled vibration modes. Three main types of wave amplitudes processes: optimal, is too small and too large. As the rhythms of social processes may be different – slow, asymmetric, arrhythmic, then an administration should provide symmetry and uniformity of dynamics driven processes, seek, where possible, smoothed amplitude, which would not have the sharp deviations from the «golden mean». Emphasized that communities can develop resonant, quickly and over quickly. The idea of resonance shows that there is a real opportunity to reduce the time of system at a future desired shape its organization, accelerating the development of the control system. For effective community self-important, not so much size and power control action as its distribution, spatial and temporal organization topology that this effect. However, the «topological» management will inflence the desired effect only if they do not conflct with its own rhythms, pulsations and trends of self-control system; otherwise, the external forces lead to unintended results. (shrink)

Мета наукового дослідження – теоретико-методологічні засади організації як об’єкт публічного адміністрування. В результаті даного аналізу виявлено сутність організації як складного соціального та економічного феномена; з’ясовано умови побудови організацій, формування інноваційного типу організацій, інноваційної людини, організації, яка б стала інструментом перетворень у суспільстві. В статті розкрито сутність міждисциплінарного підходу, що отримав назву «організаційного розвитку», в основі якого уявлення про організацію як соціотехнічну систему, та проаналізовано теорії організації, в основі яких еволюція розвитку організацій та їх організаційні структури. Методи - системний метод і (...) системний підхід до аналізу організації як об’єкт адміністрування та вплив системного методу і підходу на діяльність організації. Результат – організації як об’єкт адміністрування представлено як складні соціотехнічні системи, що потребують сучасних управлінських підходів управління організацією, що відповідають перетворенням у суспільстві. Висновки – керівники повинні оволодіти теорією управління сучасними організаціями, щоб сприяти прогресу організацій. (shrink)