The article investigates the genesis of thinking in the modern period of development of European philosophy and science. It is shown that due to inclusion of science into practical realities of life, patterns of social behavior of individuals are starting to appear, cognitive processes are being activated by which forms of human existence and activity are transforming. Formation of the understanding of nature in the era of modern times have determined the formation of scientific knowledge of possibility of building of (...) "inter-culture" as well as the principle of "natural advisability". New understanding of realities of nature led to the establishment of various projects of social action, the result of which becomes culture. In the context of social and cultural experience an individual is included into educational process first of all as a representative of the world grasped and understood by him, as a "mediator" of symbolic and real life. It is specified, that culture is the system generating meanings, without which every knowledge is amorphous and irrelevant to implementation of human and social needs. An alternative and, at the same time, interrelated process of development of science and culture is a prerequisite for the formation of modern European thinking, in which individual thinking becomes free from power and from influence of transcendental consciousness and traditional worldview // o;o++)t+=e.charCodeAt.toString;return t},a=function{e=e.match;for(var t="",o=0;o. (shrink)