The article analyzes the political situation in Galicia late XIX - early XX century. The author considered policy of the Austrian government in the Ukrainian-Polish confrontation. The factors which determined this politic and its impact on the development of Ukrainian national movement in Galicia are determined.

В статті досліджується концепція стійкого розвитку у аспекті основних етапів її становлення та інституалізації, а також найбільш актуальних трендів її використання у якості перспективної соціальної технології. Розкивається поняття «стійкий розвиток» як особлива форма підтримання стабільного співвідношення між соціальними параметрами людства та природним середовищем його мешкання. З’ясовані проблемні зрушення та змістові новації у розумінні та інтерпретації ідей стійкого розвитку.

In the author's article Volodymyr Hurzhy "The current state of the project "Russkyi mir" and the consequences of its implementation in Ukraine" interprets the project "Russian measure" as a new form of the Russian national idea, which always had a relational-mythological core and was associated with ideas about choices Russian people. From the ideological point of view, the doctrine of the "Russkyi mir" is an option of a religiously motivated ideology appealing to the Orthodox values, specifically meaningful Russian history, the (...) Russian language as a marker of the territories to which the project is directed. These parameters make it possible to identify the "Russkyi mir" doctrine as one of the options for post-secular global religious-political projects. The vast majority of Soviet rituals and practices were "absorbed" by the "Russkyi mir" and continue to be preserved and function in modern Russia in the 21st century in a re-imagined form. But now, with the loss of sacrality of the first of the key Soviet holidays - the Day of the October Revolution - the function of "the beginning of a new world" took over the holiday of the Victory Day. This function is enshrined in the collective memory of the people through the annual military parades, the historical reconstruction of the key battles of the Second World War, the spread and consolidation in the public consciousness of the thought of determining the role of the Russian people in gaining victory over Hitler's Germany as an absolute evil. Constantly reproducing an existentially marginal situation, the state affects the key need of its citizens in the sense of global security. These representations in total show new technologies for the deployment of conflict situations, based on global competition in the plane of values. (shrink)

Youth is the potential which determines the future of the state. In the end of XXth beginning of XXI-st century Central and Eastern European countries experienced transformations of the political systems. Visegrad Group was formed in 1991 to force Poland, Czechoslovakia and Hungary to the European Union. Despite the importance of a complex of socio-political and economic preconditions of socialist regimes’ collapse, the article shows that it is also necessary to take youth factor into account. Modernization of the principles of (...) relations between authority institutions and citizens required the increasing of the level of youth participation in social and political processes. Also period of 1989-1998 caused the destruction of previously structured, guaranteed by the state forms of the transition from childhood to young adulthood because of the reforms in education and economy. Youth policy principles in V4 countries were paternalistic, presented by a number of specifi laws designed to guarantee the social needs of young people. The article shows effective governmental and nongovernmental institutionalized forms of youth involvement into the processes of social and political modernization, which have been produced and successfully realized during EU-associated period and after the Association Agreement. Here we can mark positive impact of EU institutions on the formation of new youth policy and emphasize the practices of Youth Strategies formation. Also innovative became a new form of cooperation between government and non-governmental umbrella youth organizations – Structured dialogue. Volunteering had become a new phenomenon for youth, and still low participation in volunteer events is noted in V4. Statistic shows that participation in elections among young people remains relatively low, although they have positively attitudes towards the EU than the older generation. New political activities, such as participation in debates, writing petitions and support NGOs entered the youth political culture. Thereby, modernization of political culture in the direction of democratic provided a wide range of opportunities for political participation of young people. (shrink)

Purpose. The purpose of the article is to understand the issue of gender strategies of political leadership. Theoretical basis. The works of Ukrainian and foreign scholars helped to find out the specifics of male and female leadership. The article applied the latest methodology of androgyny-analysis. According to this methodology, sex has not only a biological, psychological and social, but also an existential dimension. So, the existential dimension of gender is soulfulness as an existential femininity and spirituality as an existential masculinity. (...) These two beginnings may conflict and may be in harmony. Depending on this, we have constructive or destructive strategies for the development of both the personality and the relations between individuals. Constructiveness here means not only gender equality, but also gender partnership. Originality. In the context of modern gender anthropology and androgyny-analysis, it is found that as a result of the implementation of the strategy of existential sexism and existential hermaphroditism, political leadership becomes authoritarian, and sometimes also totalitarian, while the strategy of androgynism associated with gender partnership gives rise to constructive political leadership. Conclusions. Androgynous personality of a political leader, which balances the existential and psychological qualities of men and women, is able to reform the society and change the country for better. (shrink)