Thesis for a Candidate Degree in Philosophy: Speciality 09.00.09 – Philosophy of Science. – Zhytomyr Ivan Franko State University, Zhytomyr, 2013. In the thesis the system of theoretical grounds for philosophical comprehension of the axiological ideas is complexly analyzed; the attention is drawn to modern science peculiarities which actualize the processes of axiologization in scientific cognition and singling out axiology of science. The research reveals the role of internal and external values in modern scientific cognition, in comprehending the relationship of (...) scientific truth and values, in singling out fundamental and applied research. The evolution of scientific truth interpretation in the context of specific epistemological situations of modern scientific cognition is analyzed. The paper specifies the changes which ideals and criteria of scientific rationality undergo in modern conditions that indicate the tendency to a more ‘soft’ methodology and liberalization of the criteria of scientific rationality if the latter is viewed from the normative perspective. It is proved that modern epistemology despite a number of epistemological difficulties retains the function of presenting an adequate analysis of the peculiarities of the modern cognitive situations in science. At the same time the sharp distinction between epistemology and axiology gradually disappears. (shrink)