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Man on His Nature

Philosophical Review 51 (2):227 (1942)

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  1. The first computational theory of mind and brain: A close look at McCulloch and Pitts' Logical Calculus of Ideas Immanent in Nervous Activity.Gualtiero Piccinini - 2004 - Synthese 141 (2):175-215.
    Despite its significance in neuroscience and computation, McCulloch and Pitts's celebrated 1943 paper has received little historical and philosophical attention. In 1943 there already existed a lively community of biophysicists doing mathematical work on neural networks. What was novel in McCulloch and Pitts's paper was their use of logic and computation to understand neural, and thus mental, activity. McCulloch and Pitts's contributions included (i) a formalism whose refinement and generalization led to the notion of finite automata (an important formalism in (...)
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  • Precis of the emperor's new mind.Roger Penrose - 1990 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 13 (4):643-705.
    The emperor's new mind (hereafter Emperor) is an attempt to put forward a scientific alternative to the viewpoint of according to which mental activity is merely the acting out of some algorithmic procedure. John Searle and other thinkers have likewise argued that mere calculation does not, of itself, evoke conscious mental attributes, such as understanding or intentionality, but they are still prepared to accept the action the brain, like that of any other physical object, could in principle be simulated by (...)
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  • Representation and constraints: The inverse problem and the structure of visual space.Gary Hatfield - 2003 - Acta Psychologica 114:355-378.
    Visual space can be distinguished from physical space. The first is found in visual experience, while the second is defined independently of perception. Theorists have wondered about the relation between the two. Some investigators have concluded that visual space is non-Euclidean, and that it does not have a single metric structure. Here it is argued that visual space exhibits contraction in all three dimensions with increasing distance from the observer, that experienced features of this contraction are not the same as (...)
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  • Time and the observer: The where and when of consciousness in the brain.Daniel C. Dennett & Marcel Kinsbourne - 1992 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 15 (2):183-201.
    _Behavioral and Brain Sciences_ , 15, 183-247, 1992. Reprinted in _The Philosopher's Annual_ , Grim, Mar and Williams, eds., vol. XV-1992, 1994, pp. 23-68; Noel Sheehy and Tony Chapman, eds., _Cognitive Science_ , Vol. I, Elgar, 1995, pp.210-274.
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  • Reconceptualizing the Organism: From Complex Machine to Flowing Stream.Daniel J. Nicholson - 2018 - In Daniel J. Nicholson & John Dupré (eds.), Everything Flows: Towards a Processual Philosophy of Biology. Oxford, United Kingdom: Oxford University Press.
    This chapter draws on insights from non-equilibrium thermodynamics to demonstrate the ontological inadequacy of the machine conception of the organism. The thermodynamic character of living systems underlies the importance of metabolism and calls for the adoption of a processual view, exemplified by the Heraclitean metaphor of the stream of life. This alternative conception is explored in its various historical formulations and the extent to which it captures the nature of living systems is examined. Following this, the chapter considers the metaphysical (...)
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  • Quantum Mechanics of 'Conscious Energy'.Syed Ismyl Mahmood Rizvi - 2018 - International Journal of Mind, Brain and Cognition 9 (1-2):132-160.
    This paper is aiming to investigate the physical substrate of conscious process. It will attempt to find out: How does conscious process establish relations between their external stimuli and internal stimuli in order to create reality? How does consciousness devoid of new sensory input result to its new quantum effects? And how does conscious process gain mass in brain? This paper will also try to locate the origins of consciousness at the level of neurons along with the quantum effects of (...)
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  • Consciousness as a Physical Process Caused by the Organization of Energy in the Brain.Robert Pepperell - 2018 - Frontiers in Psychology 9:393597.
    To explain consciousness as a physical process we must acknowledge the role of energy in the brain. Energetic activity is fundamental to all physical processes and causally drives biological behavior. Recent neuroscientific evidence can be interpreted in a way that suggests consciousness is a product of the organization of energetic activity in the brain. The nature of energy itself, though, remains largely mysterious, and we do not fully understand how it contributes to brain function or consciousness. According to the principle (...)
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  • The Human Nature of Music.Stephen Malloch & Colwyn Trevarthen - 2018 - Frontiers in Psychology 9.
    Music is at the centre of what it means to be human – it is the sounds of human bodies and minds moving in creative, story-making ways. We argue that music comes from the way in which knowing bodies (Merleau-Ponty) prospectively explore the environment using habitual 'patterns of action' which we have identified as our innate ‘communicative musicality’. To support our argument, we present short case studies of infant interactions using micro analyses of video and audio recordings to show the (...)
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  • Is There Progress in Philosophy? The Case for Taking History Seriously.Peter P. Slezak - 2018 - Philosophy 93 (4):529-555.
    In response to widespread doubts among professional philosophers (Russell, Horwich, Dietrich, McGinn, Chalmers), Stoljar argues for a ‘reasonable optimism’ about progress in philosophy. He defends the large and surprising claim that ‘there is progress on all or reasonably many of the big questions.’ However, Stoljar’s caveats and admitted avoidance of historical evidence permits overlooking persistent controversies in philosophy of mind and cognitive science that are essentially unchanged since the 17th Century. Stoljar suggests that his claims are commonplace in philosophy departments (...)
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  • Experiential facts?Andy Clark - 1992 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 15 (2):207-208.
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  • Escape from the Cartesian Theater.Daniel C. Dennett & Marcel Kinsbourne - 1992 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 15 (2):234-247.
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  • Mental representation: Always delayed but not always ephemeral.Roger N. Shepard - 1992 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 15 (2):223-224.
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  • Time for more alternatives.Robert Van Gulick - 1992 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 15 (2):228-229.
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  • The psychoanatomy of consciousness: Neural integration occurs in single cells.Gerald S. Wasserman - 1992 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 15 (2):232-233.
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  • What is consciousness for, anyway?Bruce Bridgeman - 1992 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 15 (2):206-207.
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  • The emperor's old hat.Don Perlis - 1990 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 13 (4):680-681.
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  • Chaos, symbols, and connectionism.John A. Barnden - 1987 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 10 (2):174-175.
    The paper is a commentary on the target article by Christine A. Skarda & Walter J. Freeman, “How brains make chaos in order to make sense of the world”, in the same issue of the journal, pp.161–195. -/- I confine my comments largely to some philosophical claims that Skarda & Freeman make and to the relationship of their model to connectionism. Some of the comments hinge on what symbols are and how they might sit in neural systems.
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  • On the differences between cognitive and noncognitive systems.D. C. Earle - 1987 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 10 (2):177-178.
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  • Frogs solve Bernstein's problem.Lloyd D. Partridge - 1986 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 9 (4):619-620.
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  • Motor equivalence and goal descriptors.Kevin G. Munhall - 1986 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 9 (4):615-616.
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  • Biological roots of musical epistemology: Functional cycles, Umwelt, and enactive listening.Mark Reybrouck - 2001 - Semiotica 2001 (134):599-633.
    This article argues for an epistemology of music, stating that dealing with music can be considered as a process of knowledge acquisition. What really matters is not the representation of an ontological musical reality, but the generation of music knowledge as a tool for adaptation to the sonic world. Three major positions are brought together: the epistemological claims of Jean Piaget, the biological methodology of Jakob von Uexküll, and the constructivistic conceptions of Ernst von Glasersfeld, each ingstress the role of (...)
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  • The Passions of the soul and Descartes’s machine psychology.Gary Hatfield - 2007 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A 38 (1):1-35.
    Descartes developed an elaborate theory of animal physiology that he used to explain functionally organized, situationally adapted behavior in both human and nonhuman animals. Although he restricted true mentality to the human soul, I argue that he developed a purely mechanistic (or material) ‘psychology’ of sensory, motor, and low-level cognitive functions. In effect, he sought to mechanize the offices of the Aristotelian sensitive soul. He described the basic mechanisms in the Treatise on man, which he summarized in the Discourse. However, (...)
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  • Mechanism and vitalism. A history of the controversy.Geert Jan M. De Klerk - 1979 - Acta Biotheoretica 28 (1):1-10.
    This is an attempt to interpret the history of mechanism vs. vitalism in relation to the changing framework of culture and to show the interrelation between both these views and experimental science. After the scientific revolution of the seventeenth century, causal mechanism of classical physics provided the framework for the study of nature. The teleological and holistic properties of life, however, which are incompatible with this theory yielded — as a result both of internal developments within biology and of a (...)
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  • Global pattern perception and temporal order judgments.Richard M. Warren - 1992 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 15 (2):230-231.
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  • Toward an identity theory of consciousness.Dan Lloyd - 1992 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 15 (2):215-216.
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  • Why you'll never know whether Roger Penrose is a computer.Clark Glymour & Kevin Kelly - 1990 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 13 (4):666-667.
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  • The discomforts of dualism.Bruce MacLennan - 1990 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 13 (4):673-674.
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  • Behavioral stress and myocardial ischemia: An example of conditional response modification.George E. Billman - 1986 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 9 (2):295-296.
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  • Chaos in brains: Fad or insight?Donald H. Perkel - 1987 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 10 (2):180-181.
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  • Connectionist models as neural abstractions.Ronald Rosenfeld, David S. Touretzky & Boltzmann Group - 1987 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 10 (2):181-182.
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  • Chaotic dynamics in brain activity.A. Babloyantz - 1987 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 10 (2):173-174.
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  • Can brains make psychological sense of neurological data?Robert Brown - 1987 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 10 (2):175-176.
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  • Complexity in control of movements.Gyan C. Agarwal & Gerald L. Gottlieb - 1986 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 9 (4):599-600.
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  • Begging the question against phenomenal consciousness.Ned Block - 1992 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 15 (2):205-206.
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  • Nothing is instantaneous, even in sensation.Robert A. M. Gregson - 1992 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 15 (2):210-211.
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  • Some mistakes about consciousness and their motivation.S. L. Hurley - 1992 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 15 (2):211-212.
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  • On “seeing” the truth of the Gödel sentence.George Boolos - 1990 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 13 (4):655-656.
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  • Perceptive questions about computation and cognition.Jon Doyle - 1990 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 13 (4):661-661.
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  • Gödel redux.Alexis Manaster-Ramer, Walter J. Savitch & Wlodek Zadrozny - 1990 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 13 (4):675-676.
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  • The nonalgorithmic mind.Roger Penrose - 1990 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 13 (4):692-705.
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  • On the circulation as cognition.H. L. Roitblat - 1986 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 9 (2):302-302.
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  • How brains make chaos in order to make sense of the world.Christine A. Skarda & Walter J. Freeman - 1987 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 10 (2):161-173.
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  • What are the building blocks of the frog's wiping reflex?Ilan Golani - 1986 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 9 (4):607-608.
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  • Anthropology as a Natural Science Clifford Geertz’s Extrinsic Theory of the Mind.Alphonso Lingis - 2014 - Open Journal of Philosophy 4 (2):96-106.
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  • Consciousness is associated with central as well as distributed processes.Bernard J. Baars & Michael Fehling - 1992 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 15 (2):203-204.
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  • The where and when of what?Michael V. Antony - 1992 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 15 (2):201-202.
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  • The pretender's new clothes.Tim Smithers - 1990 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 13 (4):683-684.
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  • Is mathematical insight algorithmic?Martin Davis - 1990 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 13 (4):659-660.
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  • Computations over abstract categories of representation.Roy Eagleson - 1990 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 13 (4):661-662.
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  • Strong AI and the problem of “second-order” algorithms.Gerd Gigerenzer - 1990 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 13 (4):663-664.
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