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  1. O Organism, Where Art Thou? Old and New Challenges for Organism-Centered Biology.Jan Baedke - 2018 - Journal of the History of Biology 52 (2):293-324.
    This paper addresses theoretical challenges, still relevant today, that arose in the first decades of the twentieth century related to the concept of the organism. During this period, new insights into the plasticity and robustness of organisms as well as their complex interactions fueled calls, especially in the UK and in the German-speaking world, for grounding biological theory on the concept of the organism. This new organism-centered biology understood organisms as the most important explanatory and methodological unit in biological investigations. (...)
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  • Der Stoff, aus dem das Leben ist: Kolloidchemie, Protoplasmatheorie und Lebensphilosophie im biologischen Diskurs zwischen 1900 und 1930.Martin Lindner - 2000 - NTM Zeitschrift für Geschichte der Wissenschaften, Technik und Medizin 8 (1):11-21.
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  • Der Stoff, aus dem das Leben ist.Martin Lindner - 2000 - NTM Zeitschrift für Geschichte der Wissenschaften, Technik und Medizin 8 (1):11-21.
    Between 1900 and 1930 colloid chemistry, a branch of physical chemistry, gained crucial importance for the understanding of vital phenomena. To many it seemed that the properties of colloids would differ from those of ordinary matter, paralleling the specific properties of protoplasm, the living substance . The application of theoretical concepts and experimental models of colloid chemistry to biological problems shaped Biocolloidology as a new research program, which appeared promising for the exploration of organic processes such as mitotic cell division, (...)
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  • Les fondements scientifiques de l'holisme.A. C. Léemann - 1937 - Acta Biotheoretica 3 (3):153-166.
    Scientific description of Nature is here based on geometry, number and energy. Geometry and number are the two only forms of our mind by which we describe Nature. Energy is here considered as the ultimate entity, which in physics is defined by the help of six propreties. The author holds that for an adequate description of physical Nature seven propreties of energy are required and eight are necessary in biology adding the holistic tendencies. On this basis an attempt is made (...)
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  • The concept “individual” in biology.M. Jeuken - 1952 - Acta Biotheoretica 10 (1-2):57-86.
    Dieser Aufsatz ist eine Besinnung auf den Begriff Individuum, wie dieser in der Biologie gebraucht wird, und er beabsichtigt, den Inhalt dieses Begriffes theoretisch zu begründen. Es ist aber unmöglich für die nähere Bestimmung des Begriffes Individuum von der etymologischen Bedeutung „unteilbar” auszugehen, weil die biologischen Individuen nicht immer unteilbar sind. Beim Suchen nach einem richtigen Untersuchungsverfahren wird zunächst dargelegt, wie diese Untersuchung wesentlich ein Teil der theoretischen Biologie, also der Wissenschaft, ist, wenn man auch von deutlichen Zusammenhängen mit der (...)
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  • Leben AlS hochdimensionale ordnung und Das Leib-seele-verhältnis.Karl Friederichs - 1942 - Acta Biotheoretica 6 (1-2):1-36.
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  • Complexity: An energetics agenda.Eric J. Chaisson - 2004 - Complexity 9 (3):14-21.
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  • A Theory of Conceptual Advance: Explaining Conceptual Change in Evolutionary, Molecular, and Evolutionary Developmental Biology.Ingo Brigandt - 2006 - Dissertation, University of Pittsburgh
    The theory of concepts advanced in the dissertation aims at accounting for a) how a concept makes successful practice possible, and b) how a scientific concept can be subject to rational change in the course of history. Traditional accounts in the philosophy of science have usually studied concepts in terms only of their reference; their concern is to establish a stability of reference in order to address the incommensurability problem. My discussion, in contrast, suggests that each scientific concept consists of (...)
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  • Species Transformation Through Reconstruction: Reconstruction Through Active Reaction of Organisms: Translated by Alexander Böhm and Jan Baedke.Hans Böker - 2021 - Biological Theory 16 (2):114-122.
    Comparative biological morphology, incorporating the study of active reaction, is contrasted with genetics as the study of passive mutation. Geneticists investigate anatomical characters, never anatomical constructions, which are capable of reorganization when the biological-morphological equilibrium of the organism has been disturbed. The anatomy of Opisthocomus cristatus and Stringops habroptilus demonstrate that three successive disturbances in the bio-morphological equilibrium are reacted to purposively by anatomical reconstruction. These reactions are no accidental mutations, but are anatomical reactions, related to, and affecting, the organism (...)
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  • Artumwandlung durch umkonstruktion, umkonstruktion durch aktives reagieren der organismen.Hans Böker - 1935 - Acta Biotheoretica 1 (1-2):17-34.
    Comparative biological morphology with the study of active reaction is contrasted with Genetics as the study of passive mutation. The students of Genetics investigate anatomical characters only, never anatomical constructions, which are capable of reorganisation when the biological-morphological equilibrium of the organism has been disturbed. The biological anatomy ofOpisthocomus cristatus andStringops habroptilus shows, that three successive disturbances in the bio-morphological equilibrium are reacted to purposively by anatomical re-construction. These reactions are no accidental mutations, but are anatomical reactions, related to, and (...)
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  • Kausalität, finalität und ganzheit.Friedrich Alverdes - 1937 - Acta Biotheoretica 3 (3):167-180.
    There is an autonomy in life that contrasts with physico-chemical processes. It has its own biological causality. Each type of life has its teleological as well as causal side. The researches of biology should therefore be devoted to causality and teleology simultaneously, and not to one or other exclusively. Causal and teleological interpretations must not however be confused. Every life is a whole; in the organism all vital processes are integrated, and causality and teleology inherent in the whole. For the (...)
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