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  1. Logic of informal provability with truth values.Pawel Pawlowski & Rafal Urbaniak - 2023 - Logic Journal of the IGPL 31 (1):172-193.
    Classical logic of formal provability includes Löb’s theorem, but not reflection. In contrast, intuitions about the inferential behavior of informal provability (in informal mathematics) seem to invalidate Löb’s theorem and validate reflection (after all, the intuition is, whatever mathematicians prove holds!). We employ a non-deterministic many-valued semantics and develop a modal logic T-BAT of an informal provability operator, which indeed does validate reflection and invalidates Löb’s theorem. We study its properties and its relation to known provability-related paradoxical arguments. We also (...)
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  • Tree-Like Proof Systems for Finitely-Many Valued Non-deterministic Consequence Relations.Pawel Pawlowski - 2020 - Logica Universalis 14 (4):407-420.
    The main goal of this paper is to provide an abstract framework for constructing proof systems for various many-valued logics. Using the framework it is possible to generate strongly complete proof systems with respect to any finitely valued deterministic and non-deterministic logic. I provide a couple of examples of proof systems for well-known many-valued logics and prove the completeness of proof systems generated by the framework.
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  • Modal logic with non-deterministic semantics: Part I—Propositional case.Marcelo E. Coniglio, Luis Fariñas del Cerro & Newton Peron - 2020 - Logic Journal of the IGPL 28 (3):281-315.
    Dugundji proved in 1940 that most parts of standard modal systems cannot be characterized by a single finite deterministic matrix. In the eighties, Ivlev proposed a semantics of four-valued non-deterministic matrices (which he called quasi-matrices), in order to characterize a hierarchy of weak modal logics without the necessitation rule. In a previous paper, we extended some systems of Ivlev’s hierarchy, also proposing weaker six-valued systems in which the (T) axiom was replaced by the deontic (D) axiom. In this paper, we (...)
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  • Modal logic with non-deterministic semantics: Part I—Propositional case.Marcelo E. Coniglio, Fariñas Del Cerro Luis & Marques Peron Newton - 2020 - Logic Journal of the IGPL 28 (3):281-315.
    Dugundji proved in 1940 that most parts of standard modal systems cannot be characterized by a single finite deterministic matrix. In the eighties, Ivlev proposed a semantics of four-valued non-deterministic matrices, in order to characterize a hierarchy of weak modal logics without the necessitation rule. In a previous paper, we extended some systems of Ivlev’s hierarchy, also proposing weaker six-valued systems in which the axiom was replaced by the deontic axiom. In this paper, we propose even weaker systems, by eliminating (...)
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  • Finite non-deterministic semantics for some modal systems.Marcelo E. Coniglio, Luis Fariñas del Cerro & Newton M. Peron - 2015 - Journal of Applied Non-Classical Logics 25 (1):20-45.
    Trying to overcome Dugundji’s result on uncharacterisability of modal logics by finite logical matrices, Kearns and Ivlev proposed, independently, a characterisation of some modal systems by means of four-valued multivalued truth-functions , as an alternative to Kripke semantics. This constitutes an antecedent of the non-deterministic matrices introduced by Avron and Lev . In this paper we propose a reconstruction of Kearns’s and Ivlev’s results in a uniform way, obtaining an extension to another modal systems. The first part of the paper (...)
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  • Fractional-Valued Modal Logic.Mario Piazza, Gabriele Pulcini & Matteo Tesi - 2023 - Review of Symbolic Logic 16 (4):1033-1052.
    This paper is dedicated to extending and adapting to modal logic the approach of fractional semantics to classical logic. This is a multi-valued semantics governed by pure proof-theoretic considerations, whose truth-values are the rational numbers in the closed interval $[0,1]$. Focusing on the modal logic K, the proposed methodology relies on three key components: bilateral sequent calculus, invertibility of the logical rules, and stability (proof-invariance). We show that our semantic analysis of K affords an informational refinement with respect to the (...)
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  • Non-deterministic Logic of Informal Provability has no Finite Characterization.Pawel Pawlowski - 2021 - Journal of Logic, Language and Information 30 (4):805-817.
    Recently, in an ongoing debate about informal provability, non-deterministic logics of informal provability BAT and CABAT were developed to model the notion. CABAT logic is defined as an extension of BAT logics and itself does not have independent and decent semantics. The aim of the paper is to show that, semantically speaking, both logics are rather complex and they can be characterized by neither finitely many valued deterministic semantics nor possible word semantics including neighbourhood semantics.
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