Angelaki, Volume 17, Issue 2, Page 1-29, June 2012.

_A major new interpretation of the philosophical significance of the oeuvre of Denis Diderot._.

_A major new interpretation of the philosophical significance of the oeuvre of Denis Diderot._.

A distinctive characteristic of Laclau and Mouffe’s theory of hegemony is its insistence on the denial of an essence or ground of the subject. This element of their theory is derived from their notion of antagonism, in which a relation with a ground is brought into question by revealing its contingency. This article argues that the political dimension of this argument makes sense only in the context of Laclau and Mouffe’s notion of modernity. However, the universalizing of modernity as the (...) form of hegemony reduces the ontological notion of antagonism to a dialectical or empirical notion of contradiction. This article examines two key moves in this process: first, the reduction of the subject to Lacan’s account of the subject; and second, the reduction of modernity to an ontotheologicalpolitical structure derived from Lefort as the support of the hegemonic subject. From this the article examines Laclau’s response to the exhaustion of political modernity in the figure of complexity, from which antagonism is evacuated through the hegemony of the category of myth. Finally, the article discusses a nonhegemonic approach to antagonism derived from the work of Foucault, Wolin and Rancière. (shrink)

This essay focuses on an issue arising from within an anti-essentialist perspective on sexual identity: how is it possible to explain the political impetus inhering in a category such as ‘woman’ without having recourse to a set of positive properties that would somehow fix her identity in advance? I examine how a particular theoretical outlook, social post-modernism, attempts to address this issue, and argue that, ultimately, social postmodernism generates its own impasse which I call social foundationalism – an impasse which (...) is structurally similar to biological foundationalism. I invoke discourse-theoretic concepts to introduce the psychoanalytic categories of master signifier and symbolic identification. This is done in order to suggest how Lacanian psychoanalysis permits us to theorize sexual difference in a way that avoids both biological foundationalism and social foundationalism. (shrink)

In the opening of The Sickness unto Death, Anti-Climacus establishes the essential relation to otherness that characterizes the human self. He also defines two different modes of failing to live in accordance with this relation, which are subsequently described as “feminine” and “masculine” despair. Starting from this somewhat surprising gendering of despair, the article compares Kierkegaard’s understanding of self and other to that of psychoanalysis. It is claimed that psychoanalysis offers a fruitful reinterpretation of the meaning of “the Other,” while (...) Anti-Climacus, on the other hand, gives new inspiration to the analysis of the despair of being a sexed being. (shrink)

Purpose: The objective of this study is to determine the importance of supplementary medical ethics course for resident physicians. In this study, we assessed the current state of their knowledge of medical ethics and aimed to improve and deepen their understanding of clinical scenarios to increase their awareness of the link between the practice of medicine and ethical issues. Methods: The course was held for groups of 10-12 people for 3 days a week for a total of 6 hours. Tests (...) given prior to and following completion of the course were used to assess the effectiveness of a medical ethics training course in which 120 resident physicians completed. The evaluation was made on the basis of the same pre-and post-tests (14 scenarios) and direct observation of participants. Result and Discussion: The average age was 28.23 ± 4.08 and 25% were female and 75% were male. Of the participants, 68.3% were training to be internists, 24.2% were training to be surgeons, and 7.5% were training in laboratory medicine. There was a significant statistical difference between the mean total scores of both tests (p=0.00). After completing the course, residents took into account the medical ethical principles while discussing ethical decisions. Conclusion: After finishing the course, participants defended their responses in regard to issues of medical ethics more carefully and articulated their thoughts more clearly. Our experience demonstrated that the trainees benefited from a structured curriculum in medical ethics. We believe that the development and implementation of our course may serve as a case study for training resident physicians in medical ethics. (shrink)

Social philosophy at the end of the twentieth century must be prefixed by what it follows. It has become commonplace to describe our moment as postmodern and post-structuralist, perhaps also post-Marxian. While true enough, our situation more specifically must be post-Lacan, post-Althusser, post-Foucault, and post-Critical Theory. A number of theorists highlight the context this dissertation places itself in, but Slavoj Žižek and Judith Butler should be emphasized in this regard. The positive project of this dissertation begins with radical doubts about (...) the operation of epistemic truth in subjectivity and in language. The dissertation is a series of case studies in the modes of failure of truth, and of the manner in which ideology functions within the void left by the necessary absence of truth. It has a political project of determining what forms counter-hegemony can take absent a traditional assumption of a solid ground for veracity. (shrink)

Prispevek ponuja branje Seminarja XX, Encore Jacquesa Lacana kot transcendentalne refleksije o ženski seksualrnosti, ki sooči skepticizem biologije spola z dogmatizmom idealizirane ženskosti, pre čemer odpira področje »onstran izkustva« kantovskega noumenon oziroma »onstran falosa« lacanovskega ženskega užitka kot etični »prostor za vero«, na katerega se lahko projicira horizont feminizma. To podjetje zahteva rekonstrukcijo hipotetičnega dialoga med Jacquesom Lacanom in Mary Jane Sherfey, ameriške psihiatrinje, ki je leta 1966 razvila teorijo, po kateri je civilizacija utemeljena na zatrtju ženskega nenasitnega spolnega gona. (...) Primerjajoč to nenasitnost z naravno težnjo uma k absolutu, avtorica ponuja novo branje razmerja med Kantovo antinomijo čistega uma in Lacanovimi formulami seksuacije, ki pomenijo popravek branja Joan Copjec o isti temi. Če Encore napotuje na prehod od moške k ženski poziciji v diskurzu, ta prehod obenem zahteva premestitev od matematičnega k dinamičnemu konfliktu v antinomiji, od teoretičnega oziroma spekulativnega gledišča k gledišču praktičnega uma. (shrink)