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The hexamethonium asthma study and the death of a normal volunteer in research

J. Savulescu

Journal of Medical Ethics 28 (1):3-4 (2002)

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Ethical Criteria for Human Challenge Studies in Infectious Diseases: Table 1.Ben Bambery, Michael Selgelid, Charles Weijer, Julian Savulescu & Andrew J. Pollard - 2016 - Public Health Ethics 9 (1):92-103.details Purposeful infection of healthy volunteers with a microbial pathogen seems at odds with acceptable ethical standards, but is an important contemporary research avenue used to study infectious diseases and their treatments. Generally termed ‘controlled human infection studies’, this research is particularly useful for fast tracking the development of candidate vaccines and may provide unique insight into disease pathogenesis otherwise unavailable. However, scarce bioethical literature is currently available to assist researchers and research ethics committees in negotiating the distinct issues raised by (...) Download Export citation Bookmark 17 citations
Research vulnerability: An illustrative case study from the south african mining industry.Lyn Horn - 2007 - Developing World Bioethics 7 (3):119–127.details ABSTRACTThe concept of ‘vulnerability’ is well established within the realm of research ethics and most ethical guidelines include a section on ‘vulnerable populations’. However, the term ‘vulnerability’, used within a human research context, has received a lot of negative publicity recently and has been described as being simultaneously ‘too broad’ and ‘too narrow’.1 The aim of the paper is to explore the concept of research vulnerability by using a detailed case study – that of mineworkers in post‐apartheid South Africa. In (...) Download Export citation Bookmark 3 citations
Focus group interviews examining attitudes towards medical research among the japanese: A qualitative study.Atsushi Asai, Motoki Ohnishi, Etsuyo Nishigaki, Miho Sekimoto, Shunichi Fukuhara & Tsuguya Fukui - 2004 - Bioethics 18 (5):448–470.details ABSTRACT Objectives: the purpose of this study is to explore laypersons’ attitudes towards and experiences of medical research, and to compare them with those of physicians in Japan. Designs and Participants: fourteen Japanese adults from the general public and seven physicians participated in one of three focus interviews. Setting: Osaka, Japan. Results: trust and distrust in the physician by whom the participants were invited to participate in research played a considerable role in their decisions about participation. That the participants felt (...) Download Export citation Bookmark 5 citations
Confidentiality and the ethics of medical ethics.W. A. Rogers - 2003 - Journal of Medical Ethics 29 (4):220-224.details In this paper we consider the use of cases in medical ethics research and teaching. To date, there has been little discussion about the consent or confidentiality requirements that ought to govern the use of cases in these areas. This is in marked contrast to the requirements for consent to publish cases in clinical journals, or to use personal information in research. There are a number of reasons why it might be difficult to obtain consent to use cases in ethics. (...) Download Export citation Bookmark 6 citations
Developing an ethics framework for living donor transplantation.Lainie F. Ross & J. Richard Thistlethwaite - 2018 - Journal of Medical Ethics 44 (12):843-850.details Both living donor transplantation and human subjects research expose one set of individuals to clinical risks for the clinical benefits of others. In the Belmont Report, the National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavior Research articulated three principles to serve as the basis for a research ethics framework: respect for persons, beneficence and justice. In contrast, living donor transplantation lacks a framework. In this manuscript, we adapt the three principles articulated in the Belmont Report to (...) Download Export citation Bookmark 4 citations
Bioethics: why philosophy is essential for progress.Julian Savulescu - 2015 - Journal of Medical Ethics 41 (1):28-33.details Download Export citation Bookmark 30 citations
Absent virtues: the poacher becomes gamekeeper.T. Koch - 2003 - Journal of Medical Ethics 29 (6):337-342.details Since its inception, bioethics’ principled stance has been to argue against paternalism and elitism, and for an inclusive ethical perspective. But at least in North America, the growth of bioethics as a special area of applied ethics has created conflicts within the field itself. Those who, a generation earlier, argued against paternalism and for both professional and public accountability in medical decision making are now part of the decision making process. Too often, it is argued in this paper, their allegiance (...) Download Export citation Bookmark 2 citations
Two deaths and two lessons: Is it time to review the structure and function of research ethics committees?J. Savulescu - 2002 - Journal of Medical Ethics 28 (1):1-2.details Failures in research ethics review examinedThe recent tragic death of Ellen Roche1 provides valuable lessons for research ethics review. The reasons for the wrongful administration of hexamethonium stem from researchers failing to act in certain ways, not from deliberate malicious or negligent actions.FIRST FAILING AND FIRST LESSON: PUBLICATION BIASThe first major failing was the failure of researchers who conducted the 1978 San Francisco study of hexamethonium to report similar adverse reactions.The tendency of researchers to fail to publish disappointing results2 or (...) Download Export citation Bookmark 9 citations

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