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  1. What’s so special about model organisms?Rachel A. Ankeny & Sabina Leonelli - 2011 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A 42 (2):313-323.
    This paper aims to identify the key characteristics of model organisms that make them a specific type of model within the contemporary life sciences: in particular, we argue that the term “model organism” does not apply to all organisms used for the purposes of experimental research. We explore the differences between experimental and model organisms in terms of their material and epistemic features, and argue that it is essential to distinguish between their representational scope and representational target. We also examine (...)
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  • Critical Periods in Science and the Science of Critical Periods: Canine Behavior in America.Brad Bolman - 2022 - Berichte Zur Wissenschaftsgeschichte 45 (1-2):112-134.
    Berichte zur Wissenschaftsgeschichte, Volume 45, Issue 1-2, Page 112-134, June 2022.
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  • Dogs for Life: Beagles, Drugs, and Capital in the Twentieth Century.Brad Bolman - 2022 - Journal of the History of Biology 55 (1):147-179.
    This article tracks the transformation of beagle dogs from a common breed in mid-twentieth century American laboratories to the de jure standard in global toxicological research by the turn of the twenty-first. The breed was dispersed widely due to the expanding use of dogs in pharmacology in the 1950s and a worldwide crisis around pharmaceutical safety following the thalidomide scandal of the 1960s. Nevertheless, debates continued for decades over the beagle’s value as a model of carcinogenicity, even as the dogs (...)
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  • Managing the future: The Special Virus Leukemia Program and the acceleration of biomedical research.Robin Wolfe Scheffler - 2014 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part C: Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences 48 (PB):231-249.
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  • Laboratory animal strain mobilities: handling with care for animal sentience and biosecurity.Emma Roe & Sara Peres - 2022 - History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences 44 (3):1-22.
    The global distribution of laboratory mouse strains is valued for ensuring the continuity, validity and accessibility of model organisms. Mouse strains are therefore assumed mobile and able to travel. We draw on the concept of ‘animal mobilities’ to explain how attending to laboratory mice as living animal, commodity and scientific tool is shaping how they are transported through contemporary scientific infrastructures and communities. Our paper is framed around exploring how animal strains travel, rather than animals, as we show that it (...)
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  • A Neurotic Dog’s Life: Experimental Psychiatry and the Conditional Reflex Method in the Work of W. Horsley Gantt.Edmund Ramsden - 2018 - Isis 109 (2):276-301.
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  • The demand for pregnancy testing: The Aschheim–Zondek reaction, diagnostic versatility, and laboratory services in 1930s Britain.Jesse Olszynko-Gryn - 2014 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part C: Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences 47:233-247.
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  • It is what it eats: Chemically defined media and the history of surrounds.Hannah Landecker - 2016 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part C: Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences 57:148-160.
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  • Governance, expertise, and the ‘culture of care’: The changing constitutions of laboratory animal research in Britain, 1876–2000.Robert G. W. Kirk & Dmitriy Myelnikov - 2022 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A 93:107-122.
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  • Over Spilt Milk: British Scientific Humanitarianism and the Quest for International Standards.Alma Igra - 2024 - Isis 115 (2):335-353.
    Humanitarian aid in Central Europe after World War I repositioned both food and food research on a global scale. This essay follows the British scientific delegation that worked in Vienna as part of the food aid program and shows how the city became a “lab” for international nutrition. Assuming a political role, British nutrition experts were motivated to collaborate with local experts. To examine what internationalism looked like in the lab, the essay reconstructs the forgotten Viennese NEM system, a scientific (...)
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  • Building Transnational Bodies: Norway and the International Development of Laboratory Animal Science, ca. 1956–1980.Tone Druglitrø & Robert G. W. Kirk - 2014 - Science in Context 27 (2):333-357.
    ArgumentThis article adopts a historical perspective to examine the development of Laboratory Animal Science and Medicine, an auxiliary field which formed to facilitate the work of the biomedical sciences by systematically improving laboratory animal production, provision, and maintenance in the post Second World War period. We investigate how Laboratory Animal Science and Medicine co-developed at the local level (responding to national needs and concerns) yet was simultaneously transnational in orientation (responding to the scientific need that knowledge, practices, objects and animals (...)
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  • Model Organisms Unbound.Angela N. H. Creager - 2022 - Journal of the History of Biology 55 (1):21-28.
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  • Making Organisms Model Human Behavior: Situated Models in North-American Alcohol Research, since 1950.Rachel A. Ankeny, Sabina Leonelli, Nicole C. Nelson & Edmund Ramsden - 2014 - Science in Context 27 (3):485-509.
    ArgumentWe examine the criteria used to validate the use of nonhuman organisms in North-American alcohol addiction research from the 1950s to the present day. We argue that this field, where the similarities between behaviors in humans and non-humans are particularly difficult to assess, has addressed questions of model validity by transforming the situatedness of non-human organisms into an experimental tool. We demonstrate that model validity does not hinge on the standardization of one type of organism in isolation, as often the (...)
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