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  1. A Conceptual Model for the Translation of Bioethics Research and Scholarship.Debra J. H. Mathews, D. Micah Hester, Jeffrey Kahn, Amy McGuire, Ross McKinney, Keith Meador, Sean Philpott-Jones, Stuart Youngner & Benjamin S. Wilfond - 2016 - Hastings Center Report 46 (5):34-39.
    While the bioethics literature demonstrates that the field has spent substantial time and thought over the last four decades on the goals, methods, and desired outcomes for service and training in bioethics, there has been less progress defining the nature and goals of bioethics research and scholarship. This gap makes it difficult both to describe the breadth and depth of these areas of bioethics and, importantly, to gauge their success. However, the gap also presents us with an opportunity to define (...)
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  • Research across the disciplines: a road map for quality criteria in empirical ethics research.Marcel Mertz, Julia Inthorn, Günter Renz, Lillian Geza Rothenberger, Sabine Salloch, Jan Schildmann, Sabine Wöhlke & Silke Schicktanz - 2014 - BMC Medical Ethics 15 (1):17.
    Research in the field of Empirical Ethics (EE) uses a broad variety of empirical methodologies, such as surveys, interviews and observation, developed in disciplines such as sociology, anthropology, and psychology. Whereas these empirical disciplines see themselves as purely descriptive, EE also aims at normative reflection. Currently there is literature about the quality of empirical research in ethics, but little or no reflection on specific methodological aspects that must be considered when conducting interdisciplinary empirical ethics. Furthermore, poor methodology in an EE (...)
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  • Empirical ethics: a growing area of bioethics.Lucy Frith - 2010 - Clinical Ethics 5 (2):51-53.
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  • Beware Dichotomies and Grand Abstractions: Attending to Particularity and Practice in Empirical Bioethics.Stacy M. Carter - 2009 - American Journal of Bioethics 9 (6-7):76-77.
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  • An Engine, Not a Pyramid.Armando Menéndez Viso & Antonio Casado da Rocha - 2009 - American Journal of Bioethics 9 (6-7):81-83.
    The target article by Alexander Kon (2009) offers an excellent conceptual toolkit to analyze the current literature on empirical bioethics, a topic which has attracted so much attention in the bioe...
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  • Gesundheitsversorgung für Sexarbeiter*innen – Zugang, Barrieren und Bedürfnisse.Mirjam Faissner, Laura Beckmann, Katja Freistein, Johannes Jungilligens & Esther Braun - 2024 - Ethik in der Medizin 36 (2):151-168.
    Zusammenfassung Hintergrund Stigmatisierung hat einen erheblichen Einfluss auf die Gesundheit verschiedener gesellschaftlicher Gruppen und trägt zu Ungleichheiten im Gesundheitswesen bei. Sexarbeit ist mit erheblichem sozialem Stigma verbunden, das sich nachteilig auf den Zugang von Sexarbeiter*innen zur Gesundheitsversorgung auswirkt. Die vorliegende explorative Studie gibt erste Einblicke in die Sichtweisen von Sexarbeiter*innen und Berater*innen in Deutschland auf den Zugang, die Bedürfnisse und die Barrieren von Sexarbeiter*innen in Bezug auf die Gesundheitsversorgung. Dabei lag der Fokus auf einem etablierten Netzwerk von Gesundheitsangeboten für Sexarbeiter*innen (...)
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  • Translational Neuroethics: A Vision for a More Integrated, Inclusive, and Impactful Field.Anna Wexler & Laura Specker Sullivan - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (4):388-399.
    As early-career neuroethicists, we come to the field of neuroethics at a unique moment: we are well-situated to consider nearly two decades of neuroethics scholarship and identify challenges that have persisted across time. But we are also looking squarely ahead, embarking on the next generation of exciting and productive neuroethics scholarship. In this article, we both reflect backwards and turn our gaze forward. First, we highlight criticisms of neuroethics, both from scholars within the field and outside it, that have focused (...)
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  • Acceptable objectives of empirical research in bioethics: a qualitative exploration of researchers’ views.Tenzin Wangmo, Veerle Provoost & Emilian Mihailov - 2022 - BMC Medical Ethics 23 (1):1-12.
    BackgroundThis is the first qualitative study to investigate how researchers, who do empirical work in bioethics, relate to objectives of empirical research in bioethics (ERiB). We explore reasons that make some objectives more acceptable, while others are deemed less acceptable.MethodsUsing qualitative exploratory study design, we interviewed bioethics researchers, who were selected to represent different types of scholars working in the field. The interview data of 25 participants were analyzed in this paper using thematic analysis. ResultsFrom the eight objectives presented to (...)
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  • Bioethics: Reincarnation of Natural Philosophy in Modern Science.Valentin Teodorovich Cheshko, Valery I. Glazko & Yulia V. Kosova - 2017 - Biogeosystem Technique 4 (2):111-121.
    The theory of evolution of complex and comprising of human systems and algorithm for its constructing are the synthesis of evolutionary epistemology, philosophical anthropology and concrete scientific empirical basis in modern (transdisciplinary) science. «Trans-disciplinary» in the context is interpreted as a completely new epistemological situation, which is fraught with the initiation of a civilizational crisis. Philosophy and ideology of technogenic civilization is based on the possibility of unambiguous demarcation of public value and descriptive scientific discourses (1), and the object and (...)
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  • The use of empirical research in bioethics: a survey of researchers in twelve European countries.Tenzin Wangmo & Veerle Provoost - 2017 - BMC Medical Ethics 18 (1):79.
    The use of empirical research methods in bioethics has been increasing in the last decades. It has resulted in discussions about the ‘empirical turn of bioethics’ and raised questions related to the value of empirical work for this field, methodological questions about its quality and rigor, and how this integration of the normative and the empirical can be achieved. The aim of this paper is to describe the attitudes of bioethics researchers in this field towards the use of empirical research, (...)
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  • Beyond integrating social sciences: Reflecting on the place of life sciences in empirical bioethics methodologies.Marcel Mertz & Jan Schildmann - 2018 - Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy 21 (2):207-214.
    Empirical bioethics is commonly understood as integrating empirical research with normative-ethical research in order to address an ethical issue. Methodological analyses in empirical bioethics mainly focus on the integration of socio-empirical sciences and normative ethics. But while there are numerous multidisciplinary research projects combining life sciences and normative ethics, there is few explicit methodological reflection on how to integrate both fields, or about the goals and rationales of such interdisciplinary cooperation. In this paper we will review some drivers for the (...)
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  • A systematic review of empirical bioethics methodologies.Rachel Davies, Jonathan Ives & Michael Dunn - 2015 - BMC Medical Ethics 16 (1):15.
    Despite the increased prevalence of bioethics research that seeks to use empirical data to answer normative research questions, there is no consensus as to what an appropriate methodology for this would be. This review aims to search the literature, present and critically discuss published Empirical Bioethics methodologies.
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  • Evidence-Based Research Ethics.Michael Kalichman - 2009 - American Journal of Bioethics 9 (6-7):85-87.
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  • Testing Design Bioethics Methods: Comparing a Digital Game with a Vignette Survey for Neuroethics Research with Young People.David M. Lyreskog, Gabriela Pavarini, Edward Jacobs, Vanessa Bennett, Geoffrey Mawdsley & Ilina Singh - 2023 - AJOB Empirical Bioethics 14 (1):55-64.
    Background Over the last decades, the neurosciences, behavioral sciences, and the social sciences have all seen a rapid development of innovative research methods. The field of bioethics, however, has trailed behind in methodological innovation. Despite the so-called “empirical turn” in bioethics, research methodology for project development, data collection and analysis, and dissemination has remained largely restricted to surveys, interviews, and research papers. We have previously argued for a “Design Bioethics” approach to empirical bioethics methodology, which develops purpose-built methods for investigation (...)
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  • Charting Moral Psychology’s Significance for Bioethics: Routes to Bioethical Progress, its Limits, and Lessons from Moral Philosophy.Michael Klenk - 2020 - Diametros 17 (64):36-55.
    Empirical moral psychology is sometimes dismissed as normatively insignificant because it plays no decisive role in settling ethical disputes. But that conclusion, even if it is valid for normative ethics, does not extend to bioethics. First, in contrast to normative ethics, bioethics can legitimately proceed from a presupposed moral framework. Within that framework, moral psychology can be shown to play four significant roles: it can improve bioethicists’ understanding of the decision situation, the origin and legitimacy of their moral concepts, efficient (...)
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  • Financial Incentives for Improving Maternal Health: A Review of Ethical Considerations. [REVIEW]Roshni Jegan, Anuradha Rose & Kris Dierickx - forthcoming - Public Health Ethics.
    Maternal health is considered a key global priority by the World Health Organization, and several strategies are used to promote it. Especially in lower- and lower-middle-income countries, one widely used strategy employs financial incentives to motivate pregnant women to access available healthcare. While such interventions have been extensively empirically evaluated, their normative aspects appear to have received less attention. To address this gap, we systematically searched and reviewed normative and qualitative literature to map and analyze the ethical considerations of using (...)
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  • A Mixed-Methods Study Exploring Colombian Adolescents’ Access to Sexual and Reproductive Health Services: The Need for a Relational Autonomy Approach.J. Brisson, V. Ravitsky & B. Williams-Jones - 2024 - Journal of Bioethical Inquiry 21 (1):193-208.
    This study’s objective was to understand Colombian adolescents’ experiences and preferences regarding access to sexual and reproductive health services (SRHS), either alone or accompanied. A mixed-method approach was used, involving a survey of 812 participants aged eleven to twenty-four years old and forty-five semi-structured interviews with participants aged fourteen to twenty-three. Previous research shows that adolescents prefer privacy when accessing SRHS and often do not want their parents involved. Such findings align with the longstanding tendency to frame the ethical principle (...)
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  • Moving from the “Why” to the “How”: Two Approaches to Including Research Participants’ Voices.Stephanie Solomon Cargill - 2018 - IRB: Ethics & Human Research 40 (2):8-11.
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  • Using practical wisdom to facilitate ethical decision-making: a major empirical study of phronesis in the decision narratives of doctors.Chris Turner, Alan Brockie, Catherine Weir, Catherine Hale, Aisha Y. Malik & Mervyn Conroy - 2021 - BMC Medical Ethics 22 (1):1-13.
    BackgroundMedical ethics has recently seen a drive away from multiple prescriptive approaches, where physicians are inundated with guidelines and principles, towards alternative, less deontological perspectives. This represents a clear call for theory building that does not produce more guidelines. Phronesis (practical wisdom) offers an alternative approach for ethical decision-making based on an application of accumulated wisdom gained through previous practice dilemmas and decisions experienced by practitioners. Phronesis, as an ‘executive virtue’, offers a way to navigate the practice virtues for any (...)
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  • The Is - Ought Problem in Practical Ethics.Georg Spielthenner - 2017 - HEC Forum 29 (4):277-292.
    This article is concerned with the role empirical research can play in normative practical ethics. There is no doubt that ethical research requires some kind of collaboration between normative disciplines and empirical sciences. But many researchers hold that empirical science is only assigned a subordinate role, due to the doctrine that normative conclusions cannot be justified by descriptive premises. Scientists working in the field of ethics commonly hold, however, that the empirical sciences should play a much bigger role in ethical (...)
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  • Empirical Bioethics Research in the Developing World: When the 'Is' is Close to an 'Ought'.Claudia I. Emerson, Ross E. G. Upshur & Abdallah S. Daar - 2009 - American Journal of Bioethics 9 (6-7):101-103.
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  • Empirical Bioethics: Present and Future Possibilities.Wayne Shelton - 2009 - American Journal of Bioethics 9 (6-7):74-75.
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  • What Counts as Empirical Research in Bioethics and Where Do We Find the Stuff?James M. DuBois - 2009 - American Journal of Bioethics 9 (6-7):70-72.
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  • What Empirical Research Can Do for Bioethics.Barry Hoffmaster & Cliff Hooker - 2009 - American Journal of Bioethics 9 (6-7):72-74.
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  • Answering the 'So What?' Question for Empirical Research in Bioethics.Matthew K. Wynia - 2009 - American Journal of Bioethics 9 (6-7):68-69.
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  • Values, decision-making and empirical bioethics: a conceptual model for empirically identifying and analyzing value judgements.Marcel Mertz, Ilvie Prince & Ines Pietschmann - 2023 - Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics 44 (6):567-587.
    It can be assumed that value judgements, which are needed to judge what is ‘good’ or ‘better’ and what is ‘bad’ or ‘worse’, are involved in every decision-making process. The theoretical understanding and analysis of value judgements is, therefore, important in the context of bioethics, for example, to be able to ethically assess real decision-making processes in biomedical practice and make recommendations for improvements. However, real decision-making processes and the value judgements inherent in them must first be investigated empirically (‘empirical (...)
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  • Healthcare Professionals’ Conflicts When Treating Transgender Youth: Is It Necessary to Prioritize Protection Over Respect?Maximiliane Hädicke, Manuel Föcker, Georg Romer & Claudia Wiesemann - 2023 - Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 32 (2):193-201.
    Increasingly, transgender minors are seeking medical care such as puberty-suppressing or gender-affirming hormone therapies. Yet, whether these interventions should be performed at all is highly controversial. Some healthcare practitioners oppose irreversible interventions, considering it their duty to protect children from harm. Others view minors, like adults, as transgender individuals who must be protected from discrimination. The underlying ethical question is presented as a problem of priority. Is it primarily relevant that minors are involved? Or should decision makers focus on the (...)
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  • The Ethics of the Societal Entrenchment-approach and the case of live uterus transplantation-IVF.Lisa Guntram & Kristin Zeiler - 2019 - Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy 22 (4):557-571.
    In 2014, the first child in the world was born after live uterus transplantation and IVF (UTx-IVF). Before and after this event, ethical aspects of UTx-IVF have been discussed in the medical and bioethical debate as well as, with varying intensity, in Swedish media and political fora. This article examines what comes to be identified as important ethical problems and solutions in the media debate of UTx-IVF in Sweden, showing specifically how problems, target groups, goals, benefits, risks and stakes are (...)
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  • Setting standards for empirical bioethics research: a response to Carter and Cribb.Michael Dunn, Jonathan Ives, Bert Molewijk & Jan Schildmann - 2018 - BMC Medical Ethics 19 (1):66.
    This paper responds to the commentaries from Stacy Carter and Alan Cribb. We pick up on two main themes in our response. First, we reflect on how the process of setting standards for empirical bioethics research entails drawing boundaries around what research counts as empirical bioethics research, and we discuss whether the standards agreed in the consensus process draw these boundaries correctly. Second, we expand on the discussion in the original paper of the role and significance of the concept of (...)
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  • An empirical ethical analysis of community treatment orders within mental health services in England.Michael Dunn, Krysia Canvin, Jorun Rugkåsa, Julia Sinclair & Tom Burns - 2016 - Clinical Ethics 11 (4):130-139.
    Community treatment orders are a legal mechanism to extend powers of compulsion into outpatient mental health settings in certain circumstances. Previous ethical analyses of these powers have explored a perceived tension between a duty to respect personal freedoms and autonomy and a duty to ensure that patients with the most complex needs are able to receive beneficial care and support that maximises their welfare in the longer-term. This empirical ethics paper presents an analysis of 75 interviews with psychiatrists, patients and (...)
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  • An empirical ethical analysis of community treatment orders within mental health services in England.Michael Dunn, Krysia Canvin, Journ Rugkasa, Julia Sinclair & Tom Burns - 2016 - Clinical Ethics 11 (4):130-139.
    Community treatment orders are a legal mechanism to extend powers of compulsion into outpatient mental health settings in certain circumstances. Previous ethical analyses of these powers have explored a perceived tension between a duty to respect personal freedoms and autonomy and a duty to ensure that patients with the most complex needs are able to receive beneficial care and support that maximises their welfare in the longer-term. This empirical ethics paper presents an analysis of 75 interviews with psychiatrists, patients and (...)
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  • Criteria for Authorship in Bioethics.David B. Resnik & Zubin Master - 2011 - American Journal of Bioethics 11 (10):17 - 21.
    Multiple authorship is becoming increasingly common in bioethics research. There are well-established criteria for authorship in empirical bioethics research but not for conceptual research. It is important to develop criteria for authorship in conceptual publications to prevent undeserved authorship and uphold standards of fairness and accountability. This article explores the issue of multiple authorship in bioethics and develops criteria for determining who should be an author on a conceptual publication in bioethics. Authorship in conceptual research should be based on contributing (...)
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  • Ethical Rules for Human Subjects Research: A Case Where the “Is” Must Inform the “Ought”.Alexander A. Kon - 2010 - American Journal of Bioethics 10 (6):14-15.
    (2010). Ethical Rules for Human Subjects Research: A Case Where the “Is” Must Inform the “Ought”. The American Journal of Bioethics: Vol. 10, No. 6, pp. 14-15.
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  • IRB Decision-Making with Imperfect Knowledge: A Framework for Evidence-Based Research Ethics Review.Emily E. Anderson & James M. DuBois - 2012 - Journal of Law, Medicine and Ethics 40 (4):951-969.
    Institutional Review Board decisions hinge on the availability and interpretation of information. This is demonstrated by the following well-known historical example. In 2001, 24-year-old Ellen Roche died from respiratory distress and organ failure as a result of her participation in a study at Johns Hopkins Asthma and Allergy Center. The non-therapeutic physiological study, “Mechanisms of Deep Inspiration-Induced Airway Relaxation,” was designed to examine airway hyperresponsiveness in healthy individuals in order to better understand the pathophysiology of asthma. Participants inhaled hexamethonium, a (...)
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  • Conceptualizing Disease: Unifying the Divide Between Philosophical Inquiry and Empirical Research.Julie M. Aultman - 2009 - American Journal of Bioethics 9 (6-7):78-79.
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  • A View From the Borderlands of Philosophical Bioethics and Empirical Social Science Research: How the 'Is' Can Inform the 'Ought'.Catherine Myser - 2009 - American Journal of Bioethics 9 (6-7):88-91.
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  • Exploring health and disease concepts in healthcare practice: an empirical philosophy of medicine study.Rik R. van der Linden & Maartje H. N. Schermer - 2024 - BMC Medical Ethics 25 (1):1-15.
    In line with recent proposals for experimental philosophy and philosophy of science in practice, we propose that the philosophy of medicine could benefit from incorporating empirical research, just as bioethics has. In this paper, we therefore take first steps towards the development of an empirical philosophy of medicine, that includes investigating practical and moral dimensions. This qualitative study gives insight into the views and experiences of a group of various medical professionals and patient representatives regarding the conceptualization of health and (...)
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  • Care ethics framework for midwifery practice: A scoping review.Kate Buchanan, Elizabeth Newnham, Deborah Ireson, Clare Davison & Sadie Geraghty - 2022 - Nursing Ethics 29 (5):1107-1133.
    Background: As a normative theory, care ethics has become widely theorized and accepted. However, there remains a lack of clarity in relation to its use in practice, and a care ethics framework for practice. Maternity care is fraught with ethical issues and care ethics may provide an avenue to enhance ethical sensitivity. Aim: The purpose of this scoping review is to determine how care ethics is used amongst health professions, and to collate the information in data charts to create a (...)
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  • Benefits and payments for research participants: Experiences and views from a research centre on the Kenyan coast. [REVIEW]Sassy Molyneux, Stephen Mulupi, Lairumbi Mbaabu & Vicki Marsh - 2012 - BMC Medical Ethics 13 (1):13-.
    BackgroundThere is general consensus internationally that unfair distribution of the benefits of research is exploitative and should be avoided or reduced. However, what constitutes fair benefits, and the exact nature of the benefits and their mode of provision can be strongly contested. Empirical studies have the potential to contribute viewpoints and experiences to debates and guidelines, but few have been conducted. We conducted a study to support the development of guidelines on benefits and payments for studies conducted by the KEMRI-Wellcome (...)
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  • Palliative Sedation: It's Not a Panacea.Alexander A. Kon - 2011 - American Journal of Bioethics 11 (6):41 - 42.
    The American Journal of Bioethics, Volume 11, Issue 6, Page 41-42, June 2011.
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  • Public Trust as a Policy Goal for Research With Human Subjects.David B. Resnik - 2010 - American Journal of Bioethics 10 (6):15-17.
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  • The ethical implications of verbal autopsy: responding to emotional and moral distress.Sassy Molyneux, Marylene Wamukoya, Amek Nyaguara, Vicki Marsh & Alex Hinga - 2021 - BMC Medical Ethics 22 (1):1-16.
    BackgroundVerbal autopsy is a pragmatic approach for generating cause-of-death data in contexts without well-functioning civil registration and vital statistics systems. It has primarily been conducted in health and demographic surveillance systems (HDSS) in Africa and Asia. Although significant resources have been invested to develop the technical aspects of verbal autopsy, ethical issues have received little attention. We explored the benefits and burdens of verbal autopsy in HDSS settings and identified potential strategies to respond to the ethical issues identified.MethodsThis research was (...)
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  • What is the ethics of ageing?Christopher Simon Wareham - 2018 - Journal of Medical Ethics 44 (2):128-132.
    Applied ethics is home to numerous productive subfields such as procreative ethics, intergenerational ethics and environmental ethics. By contrast, there is far less ethical work on ageing, and there is no boundary work that attempts to set the scope for ‘ageing ethics’ or the ‘ethics of ageing’. Yet ageing is a fundamental aspect of life; arguably even more fundamental and ubiquitous than procreation. To remedy this situation, I examine conceptions of what the ethics of ageing might mean and argue that (...)
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  • What Does Empirical Research Contribute to Medical Ethics? - A Methodological Discussion Using Exemplary Studies.Stella Reiter-Theil - 2012 - Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 21 (4):425-435.
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  • (1 other version)How to Relate the Empirical to the Normative.Christoph Rehmann-Sutter, Rouven Porz & Jackie Leach Scully - 2012 - Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 21 (4):436-447.
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  • Kon's Reinvention of the Empirical Bioethics Wheel.Søren Holm - 2009 - American Journal of Bioethics 9 (6-7):69-70.
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  • Improving Care and Ethics: A Plea for Interactive Empirical Ethics.Guy Widdershoven, Bert Molewijk & Tineke Abma - 2009 - American Journal of Bioethics 9 (6-7):99-101.
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  • Design Bioethics: A Theoretical Framework and Argument for Innovation in Bioethics Research.Gabriela Pavarini, Robyn McMillan, Abigail Robinson & Ilina Singh - 2021 - American Journal of Bioethics 21 (6):37-50.
    Empirical research in bioethics has developed rapidly over the past decade, but has largely eschewed the use of technology-driven methodologies. We propose “design bioethics” as an area of conjoined theoretical and methodological innovation in the field, working across bioethics, health sciences and human-centred technological design. We demonstrate the potential of digital tools, particularly purpose-built digital games, to align with theoretical frameworks in bioethics for empirical research, integrating context, narrative and embodiment in moral decision-making. Purpose-built digital tools can engender situated engagement (...)
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  • Illness and disease: an empirical-ethical viewpoint.Anna-Henrikje Seidlein & Sabine Salloch - 2019 - BMC Medical Ethics 20 (1):5.
    The concepts of disease, illness and sickness capture fundamentally different aspects of phenomena related to human ailments and healthcare. The philosophy and theory of medicine are making manifold efforts to capture the essence and normative implications of these concepts. In parallel, socio-empirical studies on patients’ understanding of their situation have yielded a comprehensive body of knowledge regarding subjective perspectives on health-related statuses. Although both scientific fields provide varied valuable insights, they have not been strongly linked to each other. Therefore, the (...)
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  • Empirical studies on how ethical recommendations are translated into practice: a cross-section study on scope and study objectives.Daniel Strech, Holger Langhof & Johannes Schwietering - 2023 - BMC Medical Ethics 24 (1):1-8.
    BackgroundEmpirical research can become relevant for bioethics in at least two ways. First, by informing the development or refinement of ethical recommendations. Second, by evaluating how ethical recommendations are translated into practice. This study aims to investigate the scope and objectives of empirical studies evaluating how ethical recommendations are translated into practice. MethodsA sample of the latest 400 publications from four bioethics journals was created and screened. All publications were included if they met one of the following three criteria: (1) (...)
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