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  1. What trial participants need to be told about placebo effects to give informed consent: a survey to establish existing knowledge among patients with back pain.John Hughes, Maddy Greville-Harris, Cynthia A. Graham, George Lewith, Peter White & Felicity L. Bishop - 2017 - Journal of Medical Ethics 43 (12):867-870.
    Introduction Patients require an accurate knowledge about placebos and their possible effects to ensure consent for placebo-controlled clinical trials is adequately informed. However, few previous studies have explored patients’ baseline levels of understanding and knowledge about placebos. The present online survey aimed to assess knowledge about placebos among patients with a history of back pain. Design A 15-item questionnaire was constructed to measure knowledge about placebos. Additional questions assessed sociodemographic characteristics, duration and severity of back pain, and previous experience of (...)
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  • Four Roles of Ethical Theory in Clinical Ethics Consultation.Morten Magelssen, Reidar Pedersen & Reidun Førde - 2016 - American Journal of Bioethics 16 (9):26-33.
    When clinical ethics committee members discuss a complex ethical dilemma, what use do they have for normative ethical theories? Members without training in ethical theory may still contribute to a pointed and nuanced analysis. Nonetheless, the knowledge and use of ethical theories can play four important roles: aiding in the initial awareness and identification of the moral challenges, assisting in the analysis and argumentation, contributing to a sound process and dialogue, and inspiring an attitude of reflexivity. These four roles of (...)
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  • Acceptable objectives of empirical research in bioethics: a qualitative exploration of researchers’ views.Tenzin Wangmo, Veerle Provoost & Emilian Mihailov - 2022 - BMC Medical Ethics 23 (1):1-12.
    BackgroundThis is the first qualitative study to investigate how researchers, who do empirical work in bioethics, relate to objectives of empirical research in bioethics (ERiB). We explore reasons that make some objectives more acceptable, while others are deemed less acceptable.MethodsUsing qualitative exploratory study design, we interviewed bioethics researchers, who were selected to represent different types of scholars working in the field. The interview data of 25 participants were analyzed in this paper using thematic analysis. ResultsFrom the eight objectives presented to (...)
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  • Theory and practice of integrative clinical ethics support: a joint experience within gender affirmative care.Laura Hartman, Giulia Inguaggiato, Guy Widdershoven, Annelijn Wensing-Kruger & Bert Molewijk - 2020 - BMC Medical Ethics 21 (1):1-13.
    BackgroundClinical ethics support aims to support health care professionals in dealing with ethical issues in clinical practice. Although the prevalence of CES is increasing, it does meet challenges and pressing questions regarding implementation and organization. In this paper we present a specific way of organizing CES, which we have called integrative CES, and argue that this approach meets some of the challenges regarding implementation and organization.MethodsThis integrative approach was developed in an iterative process, combining actual experiences in a case study (...)
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  • Evidence, Emotion and Eminence: A Qualitative and Evaluative Analysis of Doctors’ Skills in Macroallocation.Siun Gallagher, Miles Little & Claire Hooker - 2019 - Health Care Analysis 27 (2):93-109.
    In this analysis of the ethical dimensions of doctors’ participation in macroallocation we set out to understand the skills they use, how they are acquired, and how they influence performance of the role. Using the principles of grounded moral analysis, we conducted a semi-structured interview study with Australian doctors engaged in macroallocation. We found that they performed expertise as argument, bringing together phronetic and rhetorical skills founded on communication, strategic thinking, finance, and health data. They had made significant, purposeful efforts (...)
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  • How should researchers cope with the ethical demands of discovering research misconduct? Going beyond reporting and whistleblowing.Knut Jørgen Vie - 2020 - Life Sciences, Society and Policy 16 (1):1-18.
    In this paper, I will argue that making it mandatory to report research misconduct is too demanding, as this kind of intervention can at times be self-destructive for the researcher reporting the misconduct. I will also argue that posing the question as a binary dilemma masks important ethical aspects of such situations. In situations that are too demanding for individual researchers to rectify through reporting, there can be other forms of social control available. I will argue that researchers should explore (...)
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  • Instrumentalist analyses of the functions of ethics concept-principles: a proposal for synergetic empirical and conceptual enrichment.Eric Racine, M. Ariel Cascio, Marjorie Montreuil & Aline Bogossian - 2019 - Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics 40 (4):253-278.
    Bioethics has made a compelling case for the role of experience and empirical research in ethics. This may explain why the movement for empirical ethics has such a firm grounding in bioethics. However, the theoretical framework according to which empirical research contributes to ethics—and the specific role it can or should play—remains manifold and unclear. In this paper, we build from pragmatic theory stressing the importance of experience and outcomes in establishing the meaning of ethics concepts. We then propose three (...)
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  • Illness and disease: an empirical-ethical viewpoint.Anna-Henrikje Seidlein & Sabine Salloch - 2019 - BMC Medical Ethics 20 (1):5.
    The concepts of disease, illness and sickness capture fundamentally different aspects of phenomena related to human ailments and healthcare. The philosophy and theory of medicine are making manifold efforts to capture the essence and normative implications of these concepts. In parallel, socio-empirical studies on patients’ understanding of their situation have yielded a comprehensive body of knowledge regarding subjective perspectives on health-related statuses. Although both scientific fields provide varied valuable insights, they have not been strongly linked to each other. Therefore, the (...)
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  • Der Beitrag qualitativer Sozialforschung zur handlungsorientierenden medizinethischen Forschung. Eine Methodenreflexion am Beispiel des ETHICO-Projekts.Jan Schildmann, Sebastian Wäscher, Sabine Salloch & Jochen Vollmann - 2016 - Ethik in der Medizin 28 (1):33-41.
    ZusammenfassungMedizinethische Forschung wird häufig unter Verwendung sozialempirischer Methoden durchgeführt. Insbesondere die Anwendung von Methoden der qualitativen Sozialforschung hat eine breite Akzeptanz gefunden. Nach Kenntnis der Autoren fehlen allerdings bislang Untersuchungen, die den spezifischen Beitrag qualitativer Sozialforschung für medizinethische Untersuchungen unter Bezugnahme auf die Merkmale qualitativer Methoden darlegen. Ausgehend von einem handlungsorientierenden medizinethischen Forschungsvorhaben zur Unterstützung der Entscheidungsfindung in der Onkologie wird der Beitrag der verwendeten qualitativen Methoden für das Forschungsvorhaben unter Bezugnahme auf zwei Kennzeichen qualitativer Sozialforschung – Rekonstruktion der sozialen (...)
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  • The Vagueness of Integrating the Empirical and the Normative: Researchers’ Views on Doing Empirical Bioethics.T. Wangmo, V. Provoost & E. Mihailov - 2024 - Journal of Bioethical Inquiry 21 (2):295-308.
    The integration of normative analysis with empirical data often remains unclear despite the availability of many empirical bioethics methodologies. This paper sought bioethics scholars’ experiences and reflections of doing empirical bioethics research to feed these practical insights into the debate on methods. We interviewed twenty-six participants who revealed their process of integrating the normative and the empirical. From the analysis of the data, we first used the themes to identify the methodological content. That is, we show participants’ use of familiar (...)
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  • The use of empirical research in bioethics: a survey of researchers in twelve European countries.Tenzin Wangmo & Veerle Provoost - 2017 - BMC Medical Ethics 18 (1):79.
    The use of empirical research methods in bioethics has been increasing in the last decades. It has resulted in discussions about the ‘empirical turn of bioethics’ and raised questions related to the value of empirical work for this field, methodological questions about its quality and rigor, and how this integration of the normative and the empirical can be achieved. The aim of this paper is to describe the attitudes of bioethics researchers in this field towards the use of empirical research, (...)
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  • A matter of time: grappling with everyday ethical tensions at the confluence between policy and practice in a psychiatric unit.Rossio Motta-Ochoa, Raphael Lencucha, Jiameng Xu & Melissa Park - 2021 - Journal of Medical Ethics 47 (3):179-184.
    ObjectiveTo provide insights on emergent ethical tensions experienced by mental health practitioners during system re-organisation, which is sufficiently grounded in empirical data at the local level to inform policy on recovery at institutional and provincial levels.MethodEthnographic methods using narrative and critical phenomenological resources over 24 months.FindingsEveryday ethical tensions emerged at the confluence of different experiences of time, for example, how a context of increasing pressure to decrease patients’ length of stay at the hospital challenged efforts to listen to and advocate (...)
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  • Beyond integrating social sciences: Reflecting on the place of life sciences in empirical bioethics methodologies.Marcel Mertz & Jan Schildmann - 2018 - Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy 21 (2):207-214.
    Empirical bioethics is commonly understood as integrating empirical research with normative-ethical research in order to address an ethical issue. Methodological analyses in empirical bioethics mainly focus on the integration of socio-empirical sciences and normative ethics. But while there are numerous multidisciplinary research projects combining life sciences and normative ethics, there is few explicit methodological reflection on how to integrate both fields, or about the goals and rationales of such interdisciplinary cooperation. In this paper we will review some drivers for the (...)
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