Some Eastern and Western traditions considered necessary the development of certain practices for the care of the self in relation to death. We propose to analyze in a comparative way the Pythagorean, Buddhist, and Taoist point of view. To do it, we seek to answer three questions under these three schools of thought, noting their points of agreement and disagreement. The questions are: (1) Why this care of the self is required regarding to death?, (2) What role philosophy does in (...) this care of the self?, and (3) What consequences has this care of the self in relation to the other if this person has not reached enlightenment before dying?. (shrink)