The Value of a Life-Year and the Intuition of Universality

Journal of Ethics and Social Philosophy 22 (3):355-381 (2022)
  Copy   BIBTEX

Abstract

When considering the social valuation of a life-year, there is a conflict between two basic intuitions: on the one hand, the intuition of universality, according to which the value of an additional life-year should be universal, and, as such, should be invariant to the context considered; on the other hand, the intuition of complementarity, according to which the value of a life-year should depend on what this extra-life-year allows for, and, hence, on the quality of that life-year, because the quantity of life and the quality of life are complement to each other. This paper proposes three distinct accounts of the intuition of universality, and shows that those accounts either conflict with a basic monotonicity property, or lead to indifference with respect to how life-years are distributed within the population. Those results support the abandon of the intuition of universality. But abandoning the intuition of universality does not prevent a social evaluator from giving priority, when allocating life-years, to individuals with the lowest quality of life.

Author Profiles

Marc Fleurbaey
Princeton University
Grégory Ponthière
Catholic University of Louvain

Analytics

Added to PP
2021-11-03

Downloads
376 (#58,462)

6 months
186 (#15,102)

Historical graph of downloads since first upload
This graph includes both downloads from PhilArchive and clicks on external links on PhilPapers.
How can I increase my downloads?