Abstract

Electrocardiogram (ECG) signal analysis is a critical task in healthcare for diagnosing cardiovascular conditions such as arrhythmias, heart attacks, and other heart-related diseases. With the growth of Internet of Things (IoT) networks, real-time ECG monitoring has become possible through wearable devices and sensors, providing continuous patient health monitoring. However, real-time ECG signal analysis in IoT environments poses several challenges, including data latency, limited computational power of IoT devices, and energy constraints. This paper proposes a framework for Optimized Machine Learning Algorithms designed to analyze ECG signals in real time within IoT networks. The proposed system leverages lightweight machine learning models, including support vector machines (SVM) and convolutional neural networks (CNNs), optimized to run efficiently on low-power IoT devices while maintaining high accuracy. The system addresses the computational limitations of IoT devices by employing edge computing techniques that distribute the processing load between IoT devices and edge servers. Additionally, data compression and feature extraction techniques are applied to reduce the size of the data transmitted over the network, thereby minimizing latency and bandwidth usage. This paper reviews the current advancements in real-time ECG analysis, explores the challenges posed by IoT environments, and presents the optimized machine learning algorithms that enhance real-time monitoring of heart health. The system is evaluated for its performance in terms of accuracy, energy efficiency, and data transmission speed, showing promising results in improving real-time ECG signal analysis in resource-constrained IoT networks.