Abstract

As part of the European Union’s 2023–2027 Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) reform, new “eco-schemes” were introduced to encourage more environmentally sustainable farming practices. These one-year, flexible contracts are intended to complement the existing, longer-term agri-environment-climate measures (AECMs), which are typically more demanding. A recent study by Anougmar et al. (2025) explores how these policy shifts are perceived by Flemish farmers, offering a nuanced understanding of their preferences, trade-offs, and the broader implications for policy design.