Over the course of its first seven editions, Principles of Biomedical Ethics has proved to be, globally, the most widely used, authored work in biomedical ethics. It is unique in being a book in bioethics used in numerous disciplines for purposes of instruction in bioethics. Its framework of moral principles is authoritative for many professional associations and biomedical institutions-for instruction in both clinical ethics and research ethics. It has been widely used in several disciplines for purposes of teaching in the (...) classroom, during conferences, etc. (shrink)

Definition of the problem: Attitudes and practice of doctors regarding physician-assisted suicide (PAS) in patients with AIDS became considerably more liberal over the last 15 years in large U.S. cities. However, it remains an open question how the highly active antiretroviral therapies (HAART) have influenced the situation since the late 1990s. Methods and results: In 1999/2000 a nonrepresentative sample of medical doctors, psychologists, social workers, nurses and other health care professionals (n=69) in San Francisco und New York gave semistructured interviews (...) about the present situation of PAS in patients with AIDS. On the basis of written protocols a qualitative evaluation of the expert interviews has been performed. The majority of the health care professionals are familiar with PAS in their professional work. With HAART the requests for PAS in gay patients with AIDS dropped rapidly. PAS has not been noted in other subgroups of patients. However, unsolved problems exist in timing, execution and accompaniment of PAS and in competence assessment of PAS patients. No hints of a slippery slope abuse could be identified in the interviews. Conclusion: Although tolerated, the majority of the doctors still feel uncomfortable with PAS and regard PAS as alien to their professional ethos. In practice PAS takes place on request of a subgroup of AIDS patients only. However, the professional experience with PAS in patients with AIDS has changed the attitude of doctors toward a stronger acceptance of their patients autonomy and partnership with them. Open questions remain regarding the competence assessment of seriously ill and dying patients. (shrink)