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Die Vorlesung zur Anthropologie oder Menschenkunden, die Kant jeweils im Wintersemester 1772/73 bis 1795/96 hielt, sollte den Studenten zur Orientierung in ihren künftigen Welterfahrungen außerhalb der Universität dienen. Sie ist außerhalb seines eigenen philosophischen Systems angesiedelt und nicht als Philosophie geführt worden. Trotzdem gibt es sowohl in den Vorlesungsnachschriften als auch in dem 1798 von Kant herausgegebenen Buch Anthropologie in pragmatischer Hinsicht vielfache Beziehungen zur eigenen Philosophie Kants; in dieser wird jedoch nie eindeutig auf die pragmatische Anthropologie Bezug genommen noch (...) kommen in dieser letzteren die Begriffe "Imperativ", "kategorisch", "transzendentalphilosophisch" vor. Der Kommentar sucht das spannungsreiche Verhältnis der erhaltenen Kantischen Handschrift zum gedruckten Buch zu klären; es werden die werkimmanenten Verknüpfungen herausgearbeitet, Verbindungen zu anderen Kantischen Schriften angezeigt und Quellen und thematische Parallelentwicklungen in der europäischen Literatur erörtert. (shrink)

In this paper I shall debate the thesis according to which in the Aristotelian treatise On Soul the sense of touch works as a kind of knot for the knowledge faculties and, implicitly, as a unity for the entire treatise: it has a primitive function in the feeding process, it also represents a starting point for both the faculty of motion and knowledge, then relates itself symmetrical to the sense of vision through the typology of the intermediaries and to the (...) intellect through the criterion of nonbeing, and finally reveals to the receiver a kind of truth that has no more the false as an alternative. On the other hand, the intellect recovers in its own faculty the sense of touch by recreating its functions in the connection between intellect and the indivisible intelligibles. Given these relations, the sense of touch represents the main connection of the treatise's large themes from the question of motion to that of knowledge and it is also literally (certain aristotelian remarksover the theme of earth being taken into consideration here) related to the living body. (shrink)