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In the beginning

Chris Mortensen

Erkenntnis 59 (2):141 - 156 (2003)

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Non-standard Analysis.Gert Heinz Müller - 2016 - Princeton University Press.details Considered by many to be Abraham Robinson's magnum opus, this book offers an explanation of the development and applications of non-standard analysis by the mathematician who founded the subject. Non-standard analysis grew out of Robinson's attempt to resolve the contradictions posed by infinitesimals within calculus. He introduced this new subject in a seminar at Princeton in 1960, and it remains as controversial today as it was then. This paperback reprint of the 1974 revised edition is indispensable reading for anyone interested (...) Download Export citation Bookmark 172 citations
A Brief History of Time From The Big Bang to Black Holes.Stephen W. Hawking - 2020 - Bantam.details A Brief History of Time: From the Big Bang to Black Holes is a popular-science book on cosmology (the study of the origin and evolution of the universe) by British physicist Stephen Hawking. It was first published in 1988. Hawking wrote the book for readers who have no prior knowledge of the universe and people who are interested in learning. Download Export citation Bookmark 241 citations
(1 other version)The Mind of God.Paul Davies - 1994 - Science and Society 58 (2):233-237.details Download Export citation Bookmark 38 citations
On the emergence of time in quantum gravity.Jeremy Butterfield & Chris Isham - 1999 - In The arguments of time. New York: Published for the British Academy by Oxford University Press. pp. 111--168.details We discuss from a philosophical perspective the way in which the normal concept of time might be said to `emerge' in a quantum theory of gravity. After an introduction, we briefly discuss the notion of emergence, without regard to time. We then introduce the search for a quantum theory of gravity ; and review some general interpretative issues about space, time and matter. We then discuss the emergence of time in simple quantum geometrodynamics, and in the Euclidean approach. Section 6 (...) concludes. (shrink) Download Export citation Bookmark 82 citations
The Nature of Space and Time.Stephen Hawking & Roger Penrose - 2015 - Princeton University Press.details Einstein said that the most incomprehensible thing about the universe is that it is comprehensible. But was he right? Can the quantum theory of fields and Einstein's general theory of relativity, the two most accurate and successful theories in all of physics, be united in a single quantum theory of gravity? Two of the world's most famous physicists - Stephen Hawking and Roger Penrose - disagree. Here they explain their positions in a work based on six lectures with a final (...) Download Export citation Bookmark 40 citations
Emerging from imaginary time.Robert J. Deltete & Reed A. Guy - 1996 - Synthese 108 (2):185 - 203.details Recent models in quantum cosmology make use of the concept of imaginary time. These models all conjecture a join between regions of imaginary time and regions of real time. We examine the model of James Hartle and Stephen Hawking to argue that the various no-boundary attempts to interpret the transition from imaginary to real time in a logically consistent and physically significant way all fail. We believe this conclusion also applies to quantum tunneling models, such as that proposed by Alexander (...) Download Export citation Bookmark 11 citations

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