Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach, 3e offers the most comprehensive, up-to-date introduction to the theory and practice of artificial intelligence. Number one in its field, this textbook is ideal for one or two-semester, undergraduate or graduate-level courses in Artificial Intelligence. Dr. Peter Norvig, contributing Artificial Intelligence author and Professor Sebastian Thrun, a Pearson author are offering a free online course at Stanford University on artificial intelligence. According to an article in The New York Times, the course on artificial intelligence is (...) “one of three being offered experimentally by the Stanford computer science department to extend technology knowledge and skills beyond this elite campus to the entire world.” One of the other two courses, an introduction to database software, is being taught by Pearson author Dr. Jennifer Widom. Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach, 3e is available to purchase as an eText for your Kindle™, NOOK™, and the iPhone®/iPad®. (shrink)

What is the most general common set of attributes that characterises something as intrinsically valuable and hence as subject to some moral respect, and without which something would rightly be considered intrinsically worthless or even positively unworthy and therefore rightly to be disrespected in itself? This paper develops and supports the thesis that the minimal condition of possibility of an entity's least intrinsic value is to be identified with its ontological status as an information object. All entities, even when interpreted (...) as only clusters of information, still have a minimal moral worth qua information objects and so may deserve to be respected. The paper is organised into four main sections. Section 1 models moral action as an information system using the object-oriented programming methodology (OOP). Section 2 addresses the question of what role the several components constituting the moral system can have in an ethical analysis. If they can play only an instrumental role, then Computer Ethics (CE) is probably bound to remain at most a practical, field-dependent, applied or professional ethics. However, Computer Ethics can give rise to a macroethical approach, namely Information Ethics (IE), if one can show that ethical concern should be extended to include not only human, animal or biological entities, but also information objects. The following two sections show how this minimalist level of analysis can be achieved. Section 3 provides an axiological analysis of information objects. It criticises the Kantian approach to the concept of intrinsic value and shows that it can be improved by using the methodology introduced in the first section. The solution of the Kantian problem prompts the reformulation of the key question concerning the moral worth of an entity: what is the intrinsic value of x qua an object constituted by its inherited attributes? In answering this question, it is argued that entities can share different observable properties depending on the level of abstraction adopted,and that it is still possible to speak of moral value even at the highest level of ontological abstraction represented by the informational analysis. Section 4 develops a minimalist axiology based on the concept of information object. It further supports IE's position by addressing five objections that may undermine its acceptability. (shrink)

Resumen: La innovación educativa supone un reto para la filosofía. Un reto porque nos lleva a replantear el magisterio de la filosofía a la luz de los últimos avances en la investigación educativa. Pero también porque nos hace volver con energías renovadas a las fuentes originales de la actitud filosófica de vigilancia y de búsqueda sin término del conocimiento y de la verdad. En estas líneas, en primer lugar, analizamos filosóficamente la relevancia que ha cobrado la innovación en el ámbito (...) educativo y proponemos una visión humanista (no reductiva a las nuevas tecnologías) para entender la innovación educativa con especial significación para la labor educativa de la filosofía. En segundo lugar, invitamos a la lectura de todos y cada uno de los artículos seleccionados en este volumen monográfico.Palabras clave: innovación educativa, filosofía, formación humana, visión humanista. English title: Rethinking Educational Innovation in and from Philosophy. Introductory StudyAbstract Educational innovation is a challenge for philosophy. This is a challenge because it leads us to rethink the teaching of philosophy in the light of the latest advances in educational research. But also because it makes us return with renewed energy to the original sources of the philosophical attitude of vigilance and unfinished search of knowledge and truth. In this paper, firstly, I analyse philosophically the relevance of innovation in the educational field and propose a humanistic vision (not reductive to new technologies) to understand educational innovation with special significance for the educational task of philosophy. Secondly, I invite you to read each and every one of the selected articles in this monographic volume.Keywords: educational innovation, philosophy, human formation, humanist vision. (shrink)

El propósito de este texto es revisar la noción del periodismo, como oficio y como empresa y replantear su responsabilidad desde el carácter corporativo en función de la democracia, como bien social. A través de un análisis crítico de la visión dicotómica de la ética (la profesional y la empresarial) proponemos un marco filosófico moral para los medios de comunicación social.

Introduction. There are currently many different methods in the field of artificial intelligence research. Methods of mathematical, cognitive and philosophical sciences are dominant among them. All research approaches are united by the hypothesis that natural and artificial intelligence are fundamentally comparable. The sociality formed as a result of these changes attracts increasing attention from both foreign and Russian researchers. The purpose of this article is to clarify the theoretical and methodological approaches in the study of artificial intelligence in the social (...) sciences, especially in sociology.Methodology and sources. The article is based on an interdisciplinary approach, which allows outlining the scale of the research problem, coordinating the methodological approach to the organization of research, smoothing the contradictions of ideas and categories, which are operated by different sciences in the study of artificial intelligence.Results and discussion. According to the authors, the widely used concept of Artificial Intelligence is more a scientific metaphor than a proven empirical fact. Currently there is no such thing as artificial intelligence. There are neural networks, machine learning, which can solve certain problems in the real world. Artificial intelligence is a metaphor that captures a certain level of human knowledge about the introduction of information technology, based on computer hardware and specialized software. To treat artificial intelligence as an empirical fact is a fallacy that is not appropriate in science.Conclusion. Sociology is only taking its first steps in the field of artificial intelligence research. It does not have its own methodological tools for analyzing artificial intelligence and the social reality that arises from its introduction into the everyday life of society. Artificial Intelligence changes people's daily lives, embedding itself in everyday social practices, and forming a hybrid social world for the social sciences to study. Today there is a debate about the place of artificial intelligence in sociology. According to the authors, sociological fantasies and speculations are not appropriate here. In order to correctly and accurately define the problem of artificial intelligence in the social sciences, it is necessary to carefully analyze the opinions of the experts in the exact sciences, in which artificial intelligence is understood as algorithms or models created by human, and which perform certain tasks and help them manage specific processes in various spheres of society. (shrink)

El objetivo general de este texto es analizar cómo la noción de la cooperación puede entronizarse en el oficio del periodismo desde la perspectiva de la ética de la razón cordial. Se pondrán en relación dos ejemplos de periodismo colaborativo en Venezuela, que aun no teniendo como base teórica ética, se rigen por ellos. Con este artículo se aspira a generar espacios de reflexión para fortificar el êthos de la comunicación social, de las empresas informativas y del periodista, con el (...) norte de la democracia y la justicia social. Los autores principales de esta investigación son: Patrici Calvo (2012, 2017, 2018), para hablar de la cooperación desde la ética de la razón cordial, corriente filosófica creada por Adela Cortina (2007). Se ha recurrido a la hermenéutica crítica como método de reflexión y postura para la revisión teórico-conceptual y así, poder replantear la idea del periodismo y de su ética. El periodismo puede y debe contribuir con la democracia y no limitarse a la difusión de mensajes sin ningún propósito; por otro lado, antes de hablar de cooperación, hay un valor en la profesión periodística, el celo por la noticia, anclado en el afán de la primicia y de la exclusividad; en esta reflexión se apunta a reconducir ese celo noticioso hacia la democracia. Dicho esto, los medios de comunicación y plataformas digitales enfrentan el reto de asumir el deber ético de emprender una nueva narrativa profesional, corporativa y social desde de la colaboración, la solidaridad y compasión. (shrink)