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  1. Kritik der reinen Vernunft.Immanuel Kant - 2020 - Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG.
    überall einen richtigen Gebrauch der reinen Vernunft giebt, in welchem Fall es auch einen Canon derselben geben muß, so wird dieser nicht den speculativen, sondernden pr.ntischen Vernunftgebrauch betreffen, den wir also iezt ...
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  • Organisms and the Unity of Science.Paul Guyer - 2001 - In Eric Watkins (ed.), Kant and the Sciences. New York, US: Oxford University Press. pp. 259--281.
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  • The Argumentative Structure of Kant's Metaphysical Foundations of Natural Science.Eric Watkins - 1998 - Journal of the History of Philosophy 36 (4):567-593.
    In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:The Argumentative Structure of Kant’s Metaphysical Foundations Of Natural ScienceEric Watkinsone of kant’s most fundamental aims is to justify Newtonian science. However, providing a detailed explanation of even the main structure of his argument (not to mention the specific arguments that fill out this structure) is not a trivial enterprise. While it is clear that Kant’s Critique of Pure Reason (1781), his Metaphysical Foundations of Natural Science (1786), and (...)
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  • Kant on the history of nature: The ambiguous heritage of the critical philosophy for natural history.Phillip R. Sloan - 2006 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part C: Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences 37 (4):627-648.
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  • Kant and Blumenbach on the Bildungstrieb: A Historical Misunderstanding.Robert J. Richards - 2000 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part C: Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences 31 (1):11-32.
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  • Vitalizing Nature in the Enlightenment.Peter Hanns Reill - 2005 - University of California Press.
    This far-reaching study redraws the intellectual map of the Enlightenment and boldly reassesses the legacy of that highly influential period for us today. Peter Hanns Reill argues that in the middle of the eighteenth century, a major shift occurred in the way Enlightenment thinkers conceived of nature that caused many of them to reject the prevailing doctrine of mechanism and turn to a vitalistic model to account for phenomena in natural history, the life sciences, and chemistry. As he traces the (...)
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  • Kant on biological teleology: Towards a two-level interpretation.Marcel Quarfood - 2006 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part C: Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences 37 (4):735-747.
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  • Kant on the history of nature: The ambiguous heritage of the critical philosophy for natural history.Phillip R. Sloan - 2006 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part C: Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences 37 (4):627-648.
    This paper seeks to show Kant’s importance for the formal distinction between descriptive natural history and a developmental history of nature that entered natural history discussions in the late eighteenth century. It is argued that he developed this distinction initially upon Buffon’s distinctions of ‘abstract’ and ‘physical’ truths, and applied these initially in his distinction of ‘varieties’ from ‘races’ in anthropology. In the 1770s, Kant appears to have given theoretical preference to the ‘history’ of nature [Naturgeschichte] over ‘description’ of nature (...)
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  • Analogy, Natural History and the Philosophy of Nature: Kant, Herder and the Problem of Empirical Science.Dalia Nassar - 2015 - Journal of the Philosophy of History 9 (2):240-257.
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  • Analogical Reflection as a Source for the Science of Life: Kant and the Possibility of the Biological Sciences.Dalia Nassar - 2016 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A 2016 (58):57-66.
    In contrast to the previously widespread view that Kant's work was largely in dialogue with the physical sciences, recent scholarship has highlighted Kant's interest in and contributions to the life sciences. Scholars are now investigating the extent to which Kant appealed to and incorporated insights from the life sciences and considering the ways he may have contributed to a new conception of living beings. The scholarship remains, however, divided in its interest: historians of science are concerned with the content of (...)
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  • Kant on biological teleology: Towards a two-level interpretation.Marcel Quarfood - 2006 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part C: Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences 37 (4):735-747.
    Kant stresses the regulative status of teleological attributions, but sometimes he seems to treat teleology as a constitutive condition for biology. To clarify this issue, the concept of natural purpose and its role for biology are examined. I suggest that the concept serves an identificatory function: it singles out objects as natural purposes, whereby the special science of biology is constituted. This relative constitutivity of teleology is explicated by means of a distinction of levels: on the object level of biological (...)
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  • Atoms and the ‘analogy of nature’: Newton's third rule of philosophizing.J. E. McGuire - 1970 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A 1 (1):3-58.
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  • Beobachtungen zur Funktion der Analogie im Denken Herders.Hans Dietrich Irmscher - 1981 - Deutsche Vierteljahrsschrift für Literaturwissenschaft Und Geistesgeschichte 55 (1):1.
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  • Kant on analogy.John J. Callanan - 2008 - British Journal for the History of Philosophy 16 (4):747 – 772.
    The role of analogy appears in surprisingly different areas of the first Critique. On the one hand, Kant considered the concept to have a specific enough meaning to entitle the principle concerned with causation an analogy; on the other hand we can find Kant referring to analogy in various parts of the Transcendental Dialectic in a seemingly different manner. Whereas in the Transcendental Analytic, Kant takes some time to provide a detailed (if not clear) account of the meaning of the (...)
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  • Biological Purposiveness and Analogical Reflection.Angela Breitenbach - 2014 - In Eric Watkins & Ina Goy (eds.), Kant's Theory of Biology. Boston: De Gruyter. pp. 131-148.
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  • Philosophia prima sive Ontologia.Christian Wolff & J. Ecole - 1730 - Les Etudes Philosophiques 17 (2):292-292.
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  • Zweckbegriff und Organismus: über die teleologische Beurteilung biologischer Systeme.Georg Toepfer - 2004 - Würzburg: Königshausen & Neumann.
    Welche Rolle spielen die Begriffe des Zwecks und der Funktion für die Biologie und die Bestimmung ihres Grundbegriffs, des Organismus?
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  • Preliminary discourse on philosophy in general.Christian Wolff - 1963 - Indianapolis,: Bobbs-Merrill.
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  • Models and Analogies in Science.Mary B. Hesse - 1963 - [Notre Dame, Ind.]: University of Notre Dame Press.
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  • Vernünfftige Gedancken von Gott, der Welt und der Seele des Menschen, auch allen Dingen ürberhaupt.Christian Wolff, Heinrich Hort, Johann Benjamin Andreä & Rengerische Buchhandlung - 1751 - New York: G. Olms. Edited by Charles A. Corr & Christian Wolff.
    Vernünfftige Gedancken von Gott, der Welt und der Seele des Menschen, auch allen Dingen überhaupt -- Christian Freyherrn von Wolf Erinnerung, wie er es künftig mit den Einwürfen halten will, die wider seine Schriften gemacht werden.
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  • The Life Sciences in Eighteenth-century French Thought.Jacques Roger - 1997
    Available for the first time in English, Roger's masterwork of intellectual history situates the life sciences within the larger context of French Enlightenment thought and the history of institutions.
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  • The Strategy of Life: Teleology and Mechanics in Nineteenth-Century German Biology.Timothy Lenoir - 1982 - D. Reidel.
    In the early nineteenth century, a group of German biologists led by Johann Friedrich Blumenbach and Karl Friedrich Kielmeyer initiated a search for laws of biological organization that would explain the phenomena of form and function and establish foundations for a unified theory of life. The tradition spawned by these efforts found its most important spokesman in Karl Ernst von Baer. Timothy Lenoir chronicles the hitherto unexplored achievements of the practitioners of this research tradition as they aimed to place functional (...)
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  • Kants Kosmologie. Die wissenschaftliche Revolution der Naturphilosophie im 18. Jahrhundert.Brigitte Falkenburg - 2000 - Tijdschrift Voor Filosofie 62 (3):589-590.
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  • Kant on Proper Science: Biology in the Critical Philosophy and the Opus postumum.H. Van den Berg - unknown
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  • Kant's conception of proper science.Berg H. Van den - unknown
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  • The Wolffian Roots of Kant's Teleology.H. Van den Berg - unknown
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  • Models and Analogies in Science.Mary Hesse - 1965 - British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 16 (62):161-163.
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  • Physics: The Elements.N. R. Campbell - 1921 - Mind 30 (118):207-214.
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  • Vitalizing Nature in the Enlightenment.Peter Hanns Reill - 2006 - Journal of the History of Biology 39 (1):199-203.
    This far-reaching study redraws the intellectual map of the Enlightenment and boldly reassesses the legacy of that highly influential period for us today. Peter Hanns Reill argues that in the middle of the eighteenth century, a major shift occurred in the way Enlightenment thinkers conceived of nature that caused many of them to reject the prevailing doctrine of mechanism and turn to a vitalistic model to account for phenomena in natural history, the life sciences, and chemistry. As he traces the (...)
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  • Allgemeine Betrachtungen über die Triebe der Thiere, hauptsächlich über ihre Kunsttriebe.Hermann Samuel Reimarus, Ernst Mayr, Stefan Lorenz, Winfried Schröder & Jürgen von Kempski - 1983 - Studia Leibnitiana 15 (2):234-236.
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