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  1. `A matter of embodied fact': Sex hormones and the history of bodies.Celia Roberts - 2002 - Feminist Theory 3 (1):7-26.
    Sex hormones today are seen as central to the production of biological sexual difference. This article examines the development of this scientific `fact', and asks how hormones came to be in this position. The article does not involve original historical research, however. Instead it uses existing histories of hormonal sexual difference to develop a theoretical argument about body histories. How can the history of scientific views of bodies be written and understood? What can these histories tell us about the relation (...)
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  • Hyenas and hormones: Transpecies encounters and the traffic in humanimals.Marianna Szczygielska - 2017 - Angelaki 22 (2):61-84.
    In search for the “missing links” of queer posthumanist discourses, some nonhuman animals play a crucial role in setting up new possible ontologies of sexual diversity. However, the desire to trace “natural” evidence for sexual diversity and a non-binary gender system that goes beyond the simplistic “social constructionism” vs. “biological essentialism” dichotomy in the nonhuman world should be critically examined. In this article I analyze both the scientific and popular representations of “wild and weird” nonhuman animals that became rich semiotic-material (...)
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  • The modern ovary: Constructions, meanings, uses.Chandak Sengoopta - 2000 - History of Science 38 (4):425-488.
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  • “[A]re Norway Rats... Things?”: Diversity Versus Generality in the Use of Albino Rats in Experiments on Development and Sexuality. [REVIEW]Cheryl A. Logan - 2001 - Journal of the History of Biology 34 (2):287 - 314.
    In America by the 1930s, albino rats had become a kind of generic standard in research on physiology and behavior that de-emphasized diversity across species. However, prior to about 1915, the early work of many of the pioneer rat researchers in America and in central Europe reflected a strong interest in species differences and a deep regard for diversity. These scientists sought broad, often medical, generality, but their quest for generality using a standard animal did not entail a de-emphasis of (...)
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  • Rejuvenation’s Return: Anti-aging and Re-masculinization in Biomedical Discourse on the ‘Aging Male’. [REVIEW]Barbara L. Marshall - 2009 - Medicine Studies 1 (3):249-265.
    Since the late 1990s, a constellation of professional associations, journals and health promotion materials has emerged that has constructed the ‘aging male’ as a medical problem. Central to this construction has been a revival of a hormonal model of the male body in which anti-aging is linked to the restoration of masculinity. In this paper I revisit the association of aging and demasculinization that animated the rejuvenation movement of the early 20th century, and contrast this with the initial mainstream medical (...)
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  • Overheated Rats, Race, and the Double Gland: Paul Kammerer, Endocrinology and the Problem of Somatic Induction. [REVIEW]Cheryl A. Logan - 2007 - Journal of the History of Biology 40 (4):683 - 725.
    In 1920, Eugen Steinach and Paul Kammerer reported experiments showing that exposure to high temperatures altered the structure of the gonad and produced hyper-sexuality in "heat rats," presumably as a result of the increased production of sex hormones. Using Steinach's evidence that the gonad is a double gland with distinct sexual and generative functions, they used their findings to explain "racial" differences in the sexuality of indigenous tropical peoples and Europeans. The authors also reported that heat induced anatomical changes in (...)
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  • Endocrinologists and the conceptualization of sex, 1920?1940.Nelly Oudshoorn - 1990 - Journal of the History of Biology 23 (2):163-186.
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  • From Dogs’ Testicles to Mares’ Urine: The Origins and Contemporary use of Hormonal Therapy for the Menopause.Emily Banks - 2002 - Feminist Review 72 (1):2-25.
    Contemporary hormonal therapy for the menopause has its conceptual origins in the ancient tradition of organotherapy. The popular but pharmacologically inactive precursors of hormonal therapy were developed as part of a resurgence of interest in organotherapy in the 19th century, which coincided with increasing medicalization of the menopause and the view that the ovaries were responsible for the ‘feminine’ identity and wellbeing of women. The subsequent chemical identification of oestrogens allowed the development of pharmacologically active hormonal therapy for the menopause, (...)
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  • Types, norms, and normalisation: Hormone research and treatments in Italy, Argentina, and Brazil, c. 1900–50.Chiara Beccalossi - 2021 - History of the Human Sciences 34 (2):113-137.
    Displacing the physiological model that had held sway in 19th-century medical thinking, early 20th-century hormone research promoted an understanding of the body and sexual desires in which variations in sex characteristics and non-reproductive sexual behaviours such as homosexuality were attributed to anomalies in the internal secretions produced by the testes or the ovaries. Biotypology, a new brand of medical science conceived and led by the Italian endocrinologist Nicola Pende, employed hormone research to study human types and hormone treatments to normalise (...)
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  • The demand for pregnancy testing: The Aschheim–Zondek reaction, diagnostic versatility, and laboratory services in 1930s Britain.Jesse Olszynko-Gryn - 2014 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part C: Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences 47:233-247.
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  • Reflections on the reproductive sciences in agriculture in the UK and US, ca. 1900–2000+.Adele E. Clarke - 2007 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part C: Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences 38 (2):316-339.
    This paper provides a brief comparative overview of the development of the reproductive sciences especially in agriculture in the UK and the US. It begins with the establishment by F. H. A. Marshall in 1910 of the boundaries that framed the reproductive sciences as distinct from genetics and embryology. It then examines how and where the reproductive sciences were taken up in agricultural research settings, focusing on the differential development of US and UK institutions. The reproductive sciences were also pursued (...)
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  • Rejuvenation and the Prolongation of Life: Science or Quackery?Chandak Sengoopta - 1993 - Perspectives in Biology and Medicine 37 (1):55-66.
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