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A matter of individuality

Philosophy of Science 45 (3):335-360 (1978)

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  1. Evolution’s First Law?: Biology’s First Law: The Tendency for Diversity and Complexity to Increase in Evolutionary Systems Daniel W. McShea and Robert N. Brandon Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2010.Marion Blute - 2010 - Biological Theory 5 (2):194-197.
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  • The Edges and Boundaries of Biological Objects.Jay Odenbaugh & Matt H. Haber - 2009 - Biological Theory 4 (3):219-224.
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  • Supervenience and Reduction in Biological Hierarchies.John Collier - 1988 - Canadian Journal of Philosophy, Supplementary Volume 14:209-234.
    Supervenience is a relationship which has been used recently to explain the physical determination of biological phenomena despite resistance to reduction. Supervenience, however, is plagued by ambiguities which weaken its explanatory value and obscure some interesting aspects of reduction in biology. Although I suspect that similar considerations affect the use of supervenience in ethics and the philosophy of mind, I don’t intend anything I have to say here to apply outside of the physical and biological cases I consider.The main point (...)
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  • Methodological problems in evolutionary biology VII. The species plague.Wim J. van der Steen & Bart Voorzanger - 1986 - Acta Biotheoretica 35 (3):205-221.
    Various philosophers and evolutionary biologists have recently defended the thesis that species are individuals rather than sets. A decade of debates, however, did not suffice to settle the matter. Conceptual analysis shows that many of the key terms involved are ambiguous. Current disagreements should dissolve once this is recognized. Explication of the concepts involved leads to new programs for philosophical research. It could also help biology by showing how extant controversies concerning evolution may have conceptual rather than factual roots.
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  • Species as Gene Flow Communities. [REVIEW]Thomas A. C. Reydon - 2013 - Acta Biotheoretica 61 (4):525-534.
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  • Species, Historicity, and Path Dependency.Marc Ereshefsky - 2014 - Philosophy of Science 81 (5):714-726.
    This paper clarifies the historical nature of species by showing that species are path-dependent entities. A species’ identity is not determined by its intrinsic properties or its origin, but by its unique evolutionary path. Seeing that species are path-dependent entities has three implications: it shows that origin essentialism is mistaken, it rebuts two challenges to the species-are-historical-entities thesis, and it demonstrates that the identity of a species during speciation depends on future events.
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  • How the Concept of Population Resolves Concepts of Environment.Roberta L. Millstein - 2014 - Philosophy of Science 81 (5):741-755.
    Elsewhere, I defend the “causal interactionist population concept” (CIPC). Here I further defend the CIPC by showing how it clarifies another concept that biologists grapple with, namely, environment. Should we understand selection as ranging only over homogeneous environments or, alternatively, as ranging over any habitat area we choose to study? I argue instead that the boundaries of the population dictate the range of the environment, whether homogeneous or heterogeneous, over which selection operates. Thus, understanding the concept of population helps us (...)
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  • Pluto and the 'Planet Problem': Folk Concepts and Natural Kinds in Astronomy.Alisa Bokulich - 2014 - Perspectives on Science 22 (4):464-490.
    The 2006 decision by the International Astronomical Union to strip Pluto of its status as a planet generated considerable uproar not only in scientific circles, but among the lay public as well. After all, how can a vote by 424 scientists in a conference room in Prague undermine what every well-educated second grader knows is a scientific fact? The Pluto controversy provides a new and fertile ground in which to revisit the traditional philosophical problems of natural kinds and scientific change. (...)
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  • The Disorder of Things. [REVIEW]Marc Ereshefsky - 1995 - Canadian Journal of Philosophy 25 (1):143-158.
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  • Argument časopriestorovej ohraničenost1.Peter Sýkora - 1995 - Organon F: Medzinárodný Časopis Pre Analytickú Filozofiu 2 (3):225-243.
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  • Integration, individuality and species concepts.Lee Michael & Wolsan Mieczyslaw - 2002 - Biology and Philosophy 17 (5):651-660.
    Integration (interaction among parts of an entity) is suggested to be necessary for individuality (contra, Metaphysics and the Origin of Species). A synchronic species is an integrated individual that can evolve as a unified whole; a diachronic lineage is a non-integrated historical entity that cannot evolve. Synchronic species and diachronic lineages are consequently suggested to be ontologically distinct entities, rather than alternative perspectives of the same underlying entity (contra Baum (1998), Syst. Biol. 47, 641–653; de Queiroz (1995), Endless Forms: Species (...)
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  • “Population" Is Not a Natural Kind of Kinds.Jacob Stegenga - 2010 - Biological Theory 5 (3):271.
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  • Scientific kinds.Marc Ereshefsky & Thomas A. C. Reydon - 2015 - Philosophical Studies 172 (4):969-986.
    Richard Boyd’s Homeostatic Property Cluster Theory is becoming the received view of natural kinds in the philosophy of science. However, a problem with HPC Theory is that it neglects many kinds highlighted by scientific classifications while at the same time endorsing kinds rejected by science. In other words, there is a mismatch between HPC kinds and the kinds of science. An adequate account of natural kinds should accurately track the classifications of successful science. We offer an alternative account of natural (...)
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  • Feminist Philosophy of Science.Lynn Hankinson Nelson - 2002 - In Peter K. Machamer & Michael Silberstein (eds.), The Blackwell guide to the philosophy of science. Malden, Mass.: Blackwell. pp. 312–331.
    This chapter contains sections titled: Highlights of Past Literature Current Work Future Work.
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  • Immunity and the Emergence of Individuality.Thomas Pradeu - 2013 - In Frédéric Bouchard & Philippe Huneman (eds.), From Groups to Individuals: Evolution and Emerging Individuality. Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press. pp. 77.
    Since, it has become clear that individuality is not to be considered as a given, but rather as something which needs to be explained. How has individuality emerged through evolution, and how has it subsequently been maintained? In particular, why is it that multicellular organisms appeared and persisted, despite the obvious interest of each cell of favoring its own replication? Several biologists see the immune system as one of the key components for explaining the maintenance of multicellular organisms’ individuality. Indeed, (...)
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  • Evolution’s First Law?: Biology’s First Law: The Tendency for Diversity and Complexity to Increase in Evolutionary Systems Daniel W. McShea and Robert N. Brandon Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2010. [REVIEW]Marion Blute - 2010 - Biological Theory 5 (2):194-197.
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  • Nuevos ensayos de filosofía de la biología.Roberto Torretti - 2008 - Revista de filosofía (Chile) 64:215-229.
    Informe sobre The Cambridge Companion to the Philosophy of Biology, David L. Hull y Michael Ruse, eds. y Philosophy of Biology, Mohan Matthen y Christopher Stephens, eds. . A review essay concerning The Cambridge Companion to the Philosophy of Biology, David L. Hull and Michael Ruse, eds. and Philosophy of Biology, Mohan Matthen and Christopher Stephens, eds.
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  • The place of mind, and the limits of amplification.Joachim F. Wohlwill - 1982 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 5 (1):30-31.
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  • Genes and culture, protest and communication.Charles J. Lumsden & Edward O. Wilson - 1982 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 5 (1):31-37.
    Despite its importance, the linkage between genetic and cultural evolution has until now been little explored. An understanding of this linkage is needed to extend evolutionary theory so that it can deal for the first time with the phenomena of mind and human social history. We characterize the process of gene-culture coevolution, in which culture is shaped by biological imperatives while biological traits are simultaneously altered by genetic evolution in response to cultural history. A case is made from both theory (...)
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  • Are there culturgens?Alexander Rosenberg - 1982 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 5 (1):22-24.
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  • Epigenesis: The newer synthesis?Glendon Schubert - 1982 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 5 (1):24-25.
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  • Collaboration between biology and the social sciences: A milestone.Joseph Shepher - 1982 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 5 (1):25-26.
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  • A bully pulpit.L. B. Slobodkin - 1982 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 5 (1):26-27.
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  • Information, feedback, and transparency.Robert Van Gulick - 1982 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 5 (1):27-29.
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  • Resistance to biological self-understanding.Pierre L. van den Berghe - 1982 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 5 (1):27-27.
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  • Genes, mind, and culture; A turning point.Thomas Rhys Williams - 1982 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 5 (1):29-30.
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  • The “culturgen”: Science or science fiction?C. R. Hallpike - 1982 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 5 (1):12-13.
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  • A too simple view of population genetics.Daniel L. Hartl - 1982 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 5 (1):13-14.
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  • Concepts of development in the mathematics of cultural change.Timothy D. Johnston - 1982 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 5 (1):14-15.
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  • From genes to culture: The missing links.Joseph K. Kovach - 1982 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 5 (1):15-17.
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  • Top-down guidance from a bottom-up theory.Geoffrey R. Loftus - 1982 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 5 (1):17-18.
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  • The power of reduction and the limits of compressibility.Hubert Markl - 1982 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 5 (1):18-19.
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  • Toward a natural science of human culture.Roger D. Masters - 1982 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 5 (1):19-20.
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  • Mind and the linkage between genes and culture.John Maynard Smith - 1982 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 5 (1):20-21.
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  • From genes to mind to culture: Biting the bullet at last.David P. Barash - 1982 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 5 (1):7-8.
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  • Stalking the wild culturgen.Arthur L. Caplan - 1982 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 5 (1):8-9.
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  • The epigenetic connection between genes and culture: Environment to the rescue.William R. Charlesworth - 1982 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 5 (1):9-10.
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  • Epigenesis and culture.Robert Fagen - 1982 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 5 (1):10-10.
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  • Genes for general intellect rather than particular culture.Howard E. Gruber - 1982 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 5 (1):11-12.
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  • Taxa, life, and thinking.Michael T. Ghiselin - 1981 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 4 (2):303-313.
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  • The demise of mental representations.Edward S. Reed - 1981 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 4 (2):297-298.
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  • Typologies: Obstacles and opportunities in scientific change.Alexander Rosenberg - 1981 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 4 (2):298-299.
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  • Species as individuals: Logical, biological, and philosophical problems.Michael Ruse - 1981 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 4 (2):299-300.
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  • The world represented as a hierarchy of nature may not require “species”.Stanley N. Salthe - 1981 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 4 (2):300-301.
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  • The metaphysics of individuality and its consequences for systematic biology.E. O. Wiley - 1981 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 4 (2):302-303.
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  • ‘Species-typicality’: Can individuals have typical parts?Timothy D. Johnston - 1981 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 4 (2):291-292.
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  • Categorization and affordances.Rebecca K. Jones & Anne D. Pick - 1981 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 4 (2):292-293.
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  • Natural categories and natural concepts.Frank C. Keil - 1981 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 4 (2):293-294.
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  • What does Ghiselin mean by “individual”?Joseph B. Kruskal - 1981 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 4 (2):294-295.
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  • Units “of” selection: The end of “of”?F. J. Odling-Smee & H. C. Plotkin - 1981 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 4 (2):295-296.
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