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  1. Listeners Exploit Syntactic Structure On-Line to Restrict Their Lexical Search to a Subclass of Verbs.Perrine Brusini, Mélanie Brun, Isabelle Brunet & Anne Christophe - 2015 - Frontiers in Psychology 6.
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  • Children's Use of Trait Information in Understanding Verbal Irony.Penny M. Pexman, Melanie Glenwright, Suzanne Hala, Stacey L. Kowbel & Sara Jungen - 2006 - Metaphor and Symbol 21 (1):39-60.
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  • In Defense of Theory.Ray Jackendoff - 2017 - Cognitive Science 41 (S2):185-212.
    Formal theories of mental representation have receded from the importance they had in the early days of cognitive science. I argue that such theories are crucial in any mental domain, not just for their own sake, but to guide experimental inquiry, as well as to integrate the domain into the mind as a whole. To illustrate the criteria of adequacy for theories of mental representation, I compare two theoretical approaches to language: classical generative grammar (Chomsky, 1965, 1981, 1995) and the (...)
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  • Children interpret disjunction as conjunction: Consequences for theories of implicature and child development.Raj Singh, Ken Wexler, Andrea Astle-Rahim, Deepthi Kamawar & Danny Fox - 2016 - Natural Language Semantics 24 (4):305-352.
    We present evidence that preschool children oftentimes understand disjunctive sentences as if they were conjunctive. The result holds for matrix disjunctions as well as disjunctions embedded under every. At the same time, there is evidence in the literature that children understand or as inclusive disjunction in downward-entailing contexts. We propose to explain this seemingly conflicting pattern of results by assuming that the child knows the inclusive disjunction semantics of or, and that the conjunctive inference is a scalar implicature. We make (...)
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  • The role of domain-general cognitive control in language comprehension.Evelina Fedorenko - 2014 - Frontiers in Psychology 5.
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  • The Now-or-Never bottleneck: A fundamental constraint on language.Morten H. Christiansen & Nick Chater - 2016 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 39:e62.
    Memory is fleeting. New material rapidly obliterates previous material. How, then, can the brain deal successfully with the continual deluge of linguistic input? We argue that, to deal with this “Now-or-Never” bottleneck, the brain must compress and recode linguistic input as rapidly as possible. This observation has strong implications for the nature of language processing: (1) the language system must “eagerly” recode and compress linguistic input; (2) as the bottleneck recurs at each new representational level, the language system must build (...)
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  • Anticipating explanations in relative clause processing.H. Rohde, R. Levy & A. Kehler - 2011 - Cognition 118 (3):339-358.
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  • Linguistic complexity and information structure in Korean: Evidence from eye-tracking during reading☆.Y. Lee, H. Lee & P. Gordon - 2007 - Cognition 104 (3):495-534.
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  • Linguistic complexity: locality of syntactic dependencies.Edward Gibson - 1998 - Cognition 68 (1):1-76.
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  • Intra‐sentential context effects on the interpretation of logical metonymy⋆.Mirella Lapata, Frank Keller & Christoph Scheepers - 2003 - Cognitive Science 27 (4):649-668.
    Verbs such as enjoy in the student enjoyed the book exhibit logical metonymy: enjoy is interpreted as enjoy reading. Theoreticalwork [Computational Linguistics 17 (4) (1991) 409; The Generative Lexicon, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 1995] predicts that this interpretation can be influenced by intra‐sentential context, e.g., by the subject of enjoy. In this article, we test this prediction using a completion experiment and find that the interpretation of a metonymic verb is influenced by the semantic role of its subject. We present (...)
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  • Uncertainty About the Rest of the Sentence.John Hale - 2006 - Cognitive Science 30 (4):643-672.
    A word-by-word human sentence processing complexity metric is presented. This metric formalizes the intuition that comprehenders have more trouble on words contributing larger amounts of information about the syntactic structure of the sentence as a whole. The formalization is in terms of the conditional entropy of grammatical continuations, given the words that have been heard so far. To calculate the predictions of this metric, Wilson and Carroll's (1954) original entropy reduction idea is extended to infinite languages. This is demonstrated with (...)
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  • The communicative function of ambiguity in language.Steven T. Piantadosi, Harry Tily & Edward Gibson - 2012 - Cognition 122 (3):280-291.
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  • Towards a Typology of Narrative Frustration.Daniel Altshuler & Christina S. Kim - 2024 - Topoi 43 (4):1193-1210.
    Through imaginative engagement readers of fiction become, to an extraordinary extent, the narrator’s ‘children’: they often submit themselves to the narrator’s authority without reserve. But precisely because of that, readers are deeply at a loss when their trust is betrayed. This underscores a core function of fiction, namely to evoke emotional response in the reader. In this paper, we hypothesize how a reader’s imaginative engagement can be subjected to narrative frustration due to processing or moral complexity. The types of narrative (...)
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  • Category Locality Theory: A unified account of locality effects in sentence comprehension.Shinnosuke Isono - 2024 - Cognition 247 (C):105766.
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  • A parallel architecture perspective on pre-activation and prediction in language processing.Falk Huettig, Jenny Audring & Ray Jackendoff - 2022 - Cognition 224:105050.
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  • The Effect of Distance on Sentence Processing by Older Adults.Xinmiao Liu & Wenbin Wang - 2019 - Frontiers in Psychology 10.
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  • Is infant-directed speech interesting because it is surprising? – Linking properties of IDS to statistical learning and attention at the prosodic level.Okko Räsänen, Sofoklis Kakouros & Melanie Soderstrom - 2018 - Cognition 178 (C):193-206.
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  • Working memory differences in long-distance dependency resolution.Bruno Nicenboim, Shravan Vasishth, Carolina Gattei, Mariano Sigman & Reinhold Kliegl - 2015 - Frontiers in Psychology 6:126597.
    There is a wealth of evidence showing that increasing the distance between an argument and its head leads to more processing effort, namely, locality effects; these are usually associated with constraints in working memory (DLT: Gibson, 2000 ; activation-based model: Lewis and Vasishth, 2005 ). In SOV languages, however, the opposite effect has been found: antilocality (see discussion in Levy et al., 2013 ). Antilocality effects can be explained by the expectation-based approach as proposed by Levy ( 2008 ) or (...)
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  • Comprehension priming as rational expectation for repetition: Evidence from syntactic processing.Mark Myslín & Roger Levy - 2016 - Cognition 147 (C):29-56.
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  • Psycholinguistics, computational.Richard L. Lewis - 2003 - In L. Nadel (ed.), Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science. Nature Publishing Group.
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  • Learning to Attend: A Connectionist Model of Situated Language Comprehension.Marshall R. Mayberry, Matthew W. Crocker & Pia Knoeferle - 2009 - Cognitive Science 33 (3):449-496.
    Evidence from numerous studies using the visual world paradigm has revealed both that spoken language can rapidly guide attention in a related visual scene and that scene information can immediately influence comprehension processes. These findings motivated the coordinated interplay account (Knoeferle & Crocker, 2006) of situated comprehension, which claims that utterance‐mediated attention crucially underlies this closely coordinated interaction of language and scene processing. We present a recurrent sigma‐pi neural network that models the rapid use of scene information, exploiting an utterance‐mediated (...)
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  • Rare Constructions Are More Often Sentence‐Initial.David Temperley - 2019 - Cognitive Science 43 (2):e12714.
    Main clause phenomena (MCPs) are syntactic constructions that occur predominantly or exclusively in main clauses. I propose a processing explanation for MCPs. Sentence processing is easiest at the beginning of the sentence (requiring less search); this follows naturally from widely held assumptions about sentence processing. Because of this, a wider variety of constructions can be allowed at the beginning of the sentence without overwhelming the sentence‐processing mechanism. Unlike pragmatic and grammatical accounts of MCPs, the processing account predicts avoidance of MCPs (...)
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  • Bootstrapping language acquisition.Omri Abend, Tom Kwiatkowski, Nathaniel J. Smith, Sharon Goldwater & Mark Steedman - 2017 - Cognition 164 (C):116-143.
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  • Two routes to actorhood: lexicalized potency to act and identification of the actor role.Sabine Frenzel, Matthias Schlesewsky & Ina Bornkessel-Schlesewsky - 2015 - Frontiers in Psychology 6.
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  • Similarity and structural priming.Neal Snider, N. A. Taatgen & H. van Rijn - 2009 - In N. A. Taatgen & H. van Rijn (eds.), Proceedings of the 31st Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society.
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  • Expectation-based syntactic comprehension.Roger Levy - 2008 - Cognition 106 (3):1126-1177.
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  • Syntactic structure assembly in human parsing: a computational model based on competitive inhibition and a lexicalist grammar.Theo Vosse & Gerard Kempen - 2000 - Cognition 75 (2):105-143.
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  • How Should a Speech Recognizer Work?Odette Scharenborg, Dennis Norris, Louis Bosch & James M. McQueen - 2005 - Cognitive Science 29 (6):867-918.
    Although researchers studying human speech recognition (HSR) and automatic speech recognition (ASR) share a common interest in how information processing systems (human or machine) recognize spoken language, there is little communication between the two disciplines. We suggest that this lack of communication follows largely from the fact that research in these related fields has focused on the mechanics of how speech can be recognized. In Marr's (1982) terms, emphasis has been on the algorithmic and implementational levels rather than on the (...)
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  • (1 other version)Bayes and the first person: consciousness of thoughts, inner speech and probabilistic inference.Franz Knappik - 2018 - Synthese 195 (5):2113-2140.
    On a widely held view, episodes of inner speech provide at least one way in which we become conscious of our thoughts. However, it can be argued, on the one hand, that consciousness of thoughts in virtue of inner speech presupposes interpretation of the simulated speech. On the other hand, the need for such self-interpretation seems to clash with distinctive first-personal characteristics that we would normally ascribe to consciousness of one’s own thoughts: a special reliability; a lack of conscious ambiguity (...)
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  • A Self‐Organizing Approach to Subject–Verb Number Agreement.Garrett Smith, Julie Franck & Whitney Tabor - 2018 - Cognitive Science 42 (S4):1043-1074.
    We present a self-organizing approach to sentence processing that sheds new light on notional plurality effects in agreement attraction, using pseudopartitive subject noun phrases. We first show that notional plurality ratings predict verb agreement choices in pseudopartitives, in line with the “Marking” component of the Marking and Morphing theory of agreement processing. However, no account to date has derived notional plurality values from independently needed principles of language processing. We argue on the basis of new experimental evidence and a dynamical (...)
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  • A Model of Language Processing as Hierarchic Sequential Prediction.Marten van Schijndel, Andy Exley & William Schuler - 2013 - Topics in Cognitive Science 5 (3):522-540.
    Computational models of memory are often expressed as hierarchic sequence models, but the hierarchies in these models are typically fairly shallow, reflecting the tendency for memories of superordinate sequence states to become increasingly conflated. This article describes a broad-coverage probabilistic sentence processing model that uses a variant of a left-corner parsing strategy to flatten sentence processing operations in parsing into a similarly shallow hierarchy of learned sequences. The main result of this article is that a broad-coverage model with constraints on (...)
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  • (1 other version)Bayes and the first person: consciousness of thoughts, inner speech and probabilistic inference.Franz Knappik - 2017 - Synthese:1-28.
    On a widely held view, episodes of inner speech provide at least one way in which we become conscious of our thoughts. However, it can be argued, on the one hand, that consciousness of thoughts in virtue of inner speech presupposes interpretation of the simulated speech. On the other hand, the need for such self-interpretation seems to clash with distinctive first-personal characteristics that we would normally ascribe to consciousness of one’s own thoughts: a special reliability; a lack of conscious ambiguity (...)
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  • Information Density and Syntactic Repetition.David Temperley & Daniel Gildea - 2015 - Cognitive Science 39 (8):1802-1823.
    In noun phrase coordinate constructions, there is a strong tendency for the syntactic structure of the second conjunct to match that of the first; the second conjunct in such constructions is therefore low in syntactic information. The theory of uniform information density predicts that low-information syntactic constructions will be counterbalanced by high information in other aspects of that part of the sentence, and high-information constructions will be counterbalanced by other low-information components. Three predictions follow: lexical probabilities will be lower in (...)
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  • The processing of extraposed structures in English.Roger Levy, Evelina Fedorenko, Mara Breen & Edward Gibson - 2012 - Cognition 122 (1):12-36.
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  • Uncertainty and Expectation in Sentence Processing: Evidence From Subcategorization Distributions.Tal Linzen & T. Florian Jaeger - 2016 - Cognitive Science 40 (6):1382-1411.
    There is now considerable evidence that human sentence processing is expectation based: As people read a sentence, they use their statistical experience with their language to generate predictions about upcoming syntactic structure. This study examines how sentence processing is affected by readers' uncertainty about those expectations. In a self-paced reading study, we use lexical subcategorization distributions to factorially manipulate both the strength of expectations and the uncertainty about them. We compare two types of uncertainty: uncertainty about the verb's complement, reflecting (...)
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  • (1 other version)Dynamical Models of Sentence Processing.Whitney Tabor & Michael K. Tanenhaus - 1999 - Cognitive Science 23 (4):491-515.
    We suggest that the theory of dynamical systems provides a revealing general framework for modeling the representations and mechanism underlying syntactic processing. We show how a particular dynamical model, the Visitation Set Gravitation model of Tabor, Juliano, and Tanenhaus (1997), develops syntactic representations and models a set of contingent frequency effects in parsing that are problematic for other models. We also present new simulations showing how the model accounts for semantic effects in parsing, and propose a new account of the (...)
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  • Evidence for Implicit Learning in Syntactic Comprehension.Alex B. Fine & T. Florian Jaeger - 2013 - Cognitive Science 37 (3):578-591.
    This study provides evidence for implicit learning in syntactic comprehension. By reanalyzing data from a syntactic priming experiment (Thothathiri & Snedeker, 2008), we find that the error signal associated with a syntactic prime influences comprehenders' subsequent syntactic expectations. This follows directly from error‐based implicit learning accounts of syntactic priming, but it is unexpected under accounts that consider syntactic priming a consequence of temporary increases in base‐level activation. More generally, the results raise questions about the principles underlying the maintenance of implicit (...)
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  • An Activation‐Based Model of Sentence Processing as Skilled Memory Retrieval.Richard L. Lewis & Shravan Vasishth - 2005 - Cognitive Science 29 (3):375-419.
    We present a detailed process theory of the moment‐by‐moment working‐memory retrievals and associated control structure that subserve sentence comprehension. The theory is derived from the application of independently motivated principles of memory and cognitive skill to the specialized task of sentence parsing. The resulting theory construes sentence processing as a series of skilled associative memory retrievals modulated by similarity‐based interference and fluctuating activation. The cognitive principles are formalized in computational form in the Adaptive Control of Thought–Rational (ACT–R) architecture, and our (...)
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  • Predictive processing of novel compounds: Evidence from Japanese.Yuki Hirose & Reiko Mazuka - 2015 - Cognition 136 (C):350-358.
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  • Availability of Alternatives and the Processing of Scalar Implicatures: A Visual World Eye‐Tracking Study.Judith Degen & Michael K. Tanenhaus - 2016 - Cognitive Science 40 (1):172-201.
    Two visual world experiments investigated the processing of the implicature associated with some using a “gumball paradigm.” On each trial, participants saw an image of a gumball machine with an upper chamber with orange and blue gumballs and an empty lower chamber. Gumballs dropped to the lower chamber, creating a contrast between a partitioned set of gumballs of one color and an unpartitioned set of the other. Participants then evaluated spoken statements, such as “You got some of the blue gumballs.” (...)
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  • Harmony in Linguistic Cognition.Paul Smolensky - 2006 - Cognitive Science 30 (5):779-801.
    In this article, I survey the integrated connectionist/symbolic (ICS) cognitive architecture in which higher cognition must be formally characterized on two levels of description. At the microlevel, parallel distributed processing (PDP) characterizes mental processing; this PDP system has special organization in virtue of which it can be characterized at the macrolevel as a kind of symbolic computational system. The symbolic system inherits certain properties from its PDP substrate; the symbolic functions computed constitute optimization of a well-formedness measure called Harmony. The (...)
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  • How Should a Speech Recognizer Work?Odette Scharenborg, Dennis Norris, Louis ten Bosch & James M. McQueen - 2005 - Cognitive Science 29 (6):867-918.
    Although researchers studying human speech recognition (HSR) and automatic speech recognition (ASR) share a common interest in how information processing systems (human or machine) recognize spoken language, there is little communication between the two disciplines. We suggest that this lack of communication follows largely from the fact that research in these related fields has focused on the mechanics of how speech can be recognized. In Marr's (1982) terms, emphasis has been on the algorithmic and implementational levels rather than on the (...)
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  • Dependency Resolution Difficulty Increases with Distance in Persian Separable Complex Predicates: Evidence for Expectation and Memory-Based Accounts.Molood S. Safavi, Samar Husain & Shravan Vasishth - 2016 - Frontiers in Psychology 7.
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  • A primer on probabilistic inference.Thomas L. Griffiths & Alan Yuille - 2008 - In Nick Chater & Mike Oaksford (eds.), The Probabilistic Mind: Prospects for Bayesian Cognitive Science. Oxford University Press. pp. 33--57.
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  • Learning first-pass structural attachment preferences with dynamic grammars and recursive neural networks.Patrick Sturt, Fabrizio Costa, Vincenzo Lombardo & Paolo Frasconi - 2003 - Cognition 88 (2):133-169.
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  • Grammar overrides frequency: evidence from the online processing of flexible word order.Ina Bornkessel, Matthias Schlesewsky & Angela D. Friederici - 2002 - Cognition 85 (2):B21-B30.
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  • A Probabilistic Model of Semantic Plausibility in Sentence Processing.Ulrike Padó, Matthew W. Crocker & Frank Keller - 2009 - Cognitive Science 33 (5):794-838.
    Experimental research shows that human sentence processing uses information from different levels of linguistic analysis, for example, lexical and syntactic preferences as well as semantic plausibility. Existing computational models of human sentence processing, however, have focused primarily on lexico‐syntactic factors. Those models that do account for semantic plausibility effects lack a general model of human plausibility intuitions at the sentence level. Within a probabilistic framework, we propose a wide‐coverage model that both assigns thematic roles to verb–argument pairs and determines a (...)
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  • Developing incrementality in filler-gap dependency processing.Emily Atkinson, Matthew W. Wagers, Jeffrey Lidz, Colin Phillips & Akira Omaki - 2018 - Cognition 179:132-149.
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  • Partner‐Specific Adaptation in Dialog.Susan E. Brennan & Joy E. Hanna - 2009 - Topics in Cognitive Science 1 (2):274-291.
    No one denies that people adapt what they say and how they interpret what is said to them, depending on their interactive partners. What is controversial is when and how they do so. Several psycholinguistics research programs have found what appear to be failures to adapt to partners in the early moments of processing and have used this evidence to argue for modularity in the language processing architecture, claiming that the system cannot take into account a partner’s distinct needs or (...)
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  • Reading relative clauses in English.Edward Gibson, Timothy Desmet, Daniel Grodner, Duane Watson & Kara Ko - 2005 - Cognitive Linguistics 16 (2):313-353.
    Two self-paced reading experiments investigated several factors that influence the comprehension complexity of singly-embedded relative clauses (RCs) in English. Three factors were manipulated in Experiment 1, resulting in three main effects. First, object-extracted RCs were read more slowly than subject-extracted RCs, replicating previous work. Second, RCs that were embedded within the sentential complement of a noun were read more slowly than comparable RCs that were not embedded in this way. Third, and most interestingly, object-modifying RCs were read more slowly than (...)
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