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  1. From Utopia to Science: Challenges of Personalised Genomics Information for Health Management and Health Enhancement. [REVIEW]Hub Zwart - 2009 - Medicine Studies 1 (2):155-166.
    From 1900 onwards, scientists and novelists have explored the contours of a future society based on the use of “anthropotechnologies” (techniques applicable to human beings for the purpose of performance enhancement ranging from training and education to genome-based biotechnologies). Gradually but steadily, the technologies involved migrated from (science) fiction into scholarly publications, and from “utopia” (or “dystopia”) into science. Building on seminal ideas borrowed from Nietzsche, Peter Sloterdijk has outlined the challenges inherent in this development. Since time immemorial, and at (...)
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  • Philosophy on steroids: Why the anti-doping position could use a little enhancement.Brent M. Kious - 2008 - Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics 29 (4):213-234.
    There is currently much concern over the use of pharmaceuticals and other biomedical techniques to enhance athletic performance—a practice we might refer to as doping. Many justifications of anti-doping efforts claim that doping involves a serious moral transgression. In this article, I review a number of arguments in support of that claim, but show that they are not conclusive, suggesting that we do not have good reasons for thinking that doping is wrong.
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  • Thinking across species—a critical bioethics approach to enhancement.Richard Twine - 2007 - Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics 28 (6):509-523.
    Drawing upon a concept of ‘critical bioethics’ [7] this paper takes a species-broad approach to the social and ethical aspects of enhancement. Critical Bioethics aims to foreground interdisciplinarity, socio-political dimensions, as well as reflexivity to what becomes bioethical subject matter. This paper focuses upon the latter component and uses the example of animal enhancement as a way to think about both enhancement generally, and bioethics. It constructs several arguments for including animal enhancement as a part of enhancement debates, and considers (...)
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  • ‘Human-ness’, ‘dehumanisation’ and performance enhancement.Leon Culbertson - 2007 - Sport, Ethics and Philosophy 1 (2):195 – 217.
    This paper focuses on the claim by Schneider and Butcher (2000) that it makes little sense to criticise the use of performance-enhancing drugs as ?dehumanising? (as, for example, Hoberman does (1992)) because we are unable to give a satisfactory account of what it is to be human. Schneider and Butcher (2000, 196) put this as follows: ?The dehumanisation argument is interesting but incomplete. It is incomplete because we do not have an agreed-upon conception of what it is to be human. (...)
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  • Human enhancement drugs and Armed Forces: an overview of some key ethical considerations of creating ‘Super-Soldiers’.Adrian Walsh & Katinka Van de Ven - 2022 - Monash Bioethics Review 41 (1):22-36.
    There is a long history and growing evidence base that the use of drugs, such as anabolic-androgenic steroids, to enhance human performance is common amongst armed forces, including in Australia. We should not be surprised that this might have occurred for it has long been predicted by observers. It is a commonplace of many recent discussion of the future of warfare and future military technology to proclaim the imminent arrival of Super Soldiers, whose capacities are modified via drugs, digital technology (...)
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  • Genomics and self-knowledge. Implications for societal research and debate.Hub Zwart - 2007 - New Genetics and Society 26 (2):181-202.
    When the Human Genome Project (HGP) was launched, our genome was presented as our ‘blueprint’, a metaphor reflecting a genetic deterministic epistemology. Eventually, however, the HGP undermined rather than strengthened the understanding of genomes as blueprints and of genes as ultimate causal units. A symbolical turning point was the discovery that the human genome only contains 22,500 genes. Initially, this was seen as a narcissistic offence. Gradually, however, it strengthened the shift from traditional genetics and biotechnology (i.e., gene-oriented approaches) to (...)
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  • Genetic Enhancement in the Dark.Leon Culbertson - 2009 - Journal of the Philosophy of Sport 36 (2):140-151.
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  • Good Athlete - Bad Athlete? on the 'Role-Model Argument' for Banning Performance-Enhancing Drugs.Thomas Søbirk Petersen - 2010 - Sport, Ethics and Philosophy 4 (3):332-340.
    The paper critically discusses a role-model argument (RMA) in favour of banning performance-enhancing drugs in sport. The argument concludes that athletes should be banned from using performance-enhancing drugs because if they are allowed to use such drugs they will encourage, or cause, youngsters who look up to them to use drugs in a way that would be harmful. In Section 2 the structure of the argument and some versions of it are presented. In Section 3 a critical discussion of RMA (...)
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  • When better is worse. On the therapy/enhancement distinction in sports.Alberto Carrio Sampedro - 2015 - Sport, Ethics and Philosophy 9 (4):413-426.
    The standard therapy/enhancement distinction is usually related to health purposes and some sense of normality. In this paper, I will challenge the basis of the distinction arguing that only the first part of it is related to health and, consequently, the distinction should be better understood as differentiating between qualitative and quantitative consequences of interventions. As health and normality are broad concepts inside of which it is possible to make some ulterior distinctions, I will propose three different senses of normality (...)
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  • Ethics, Genetic Technologies and Equine Sports: The Prospect of Regulation of a Modified Therapeutic Use Exemption Policy.M. L. H. Campbell & M. J. McNamee - 2021 - Sport, Ethics and Philosophy 15 (2):227-250.
    The use of genetic technologies within the equine industries has become increasingly common since the horse genome was published in 2009 (Wade et al. 2009). Testing for genes coding for disease in...
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  • Doping, Debunking, and Drawing the Line.Eric Gilbertson - 2020 - Sport, Ethics and Philosophy 15 (2):160-184.
    The current ban on certain performance enhancing substances in sport such as erythropoietin faces a line-drawing problem: what is the moral difference between taking an EPO injection to incre...
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  • Genetic Enhancement in Sports: The Role of Reason and Private Rationalities in the Public Arena.Silvia Camporesi & Paolo Maugeri - 2011 - Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 20 (2):248-257.
    Reviews of philosophical books run the risk of being either excessively and unconstructively critical or superficially praiseworthy. To avoid both these risks, we test the approach outlined by Häyry in his book Rationality and the Genetic Challenge: Making People Better? by applying it to an eighth genetic challenge, namely, a variation of the genetic enhancement challenge discussed by Häyry as it applies to sports. We assess whether genetic enhancement in sports should be conceived as an eighth wonder or an eighth (...)
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  • Aristotle’s Golden Mean: Its Implications for the Doping Debate.Jung Hyun Hwang & R. Scott Kretchmar - 2010 - Journal of the Philosophy of Sport 37 (1):102-121.
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  • Whose prometheus? Transhumanism, biotechnology and the moral topography of sports medicine.Mike McNamee - 2007 - Sport, Ethics and Philosophy 1 (2):181 – 194.
    The therapy/enhancement distinction is a controversial one in the philosophy of medicine, yet the idea of enhancement is rarely if ever questioned as a proper goal of sports medicine. This opens up latitude to those who may seek to use elite sport as a vehicle of legitimation for their nature-transcending ideology. Given recent claims by transhumanists to develop our human nature and powers with the aid of biotechnology, I sketch out two interpretations of the myth of Prometheus, in Hesiod and (...)
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  • Philosophy of sport.M. J. McNamee - 2004 - Nursing Philosophy 5 (2):182–183.
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  • Beyond Consent? Paternalism and Pediatric Doping.Mike McNamee - 2009 - Journal of the Philosophy of Sport 36 (2):111-126.
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  • The Ethics of Performance-Enhancing Technology in Sport.Sigmund Loland - 2009 - Journal of the Philosophy of Sport 36 (2):152-161.
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  • Justice in sport.Sigmund Loland - 2007 - Sport, Ethics and Philosophy 1 (1):78 – 95.
    An attempt is made to articulate what is seen as a ?thin? interpretation of justice in sport and how this is understood in terms of ?thick? interpretations in various sociocultural settings. In this way, it is argued, sport can be better understood as a dynamic social practice. First, a thin interpretation of justice is formulated. Sport's structural goal is to measure, compare and rank competitors according to their performances. The rule systems of sport are based on more general norms that (...)
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  • The Conceptual Boundaries of Sport for the Disabled: Classification and Athletic Performance.Carwyn Jones & P. David Howe - 2005 - Journal of the Philosophy of Sport 32 (2):133-146.
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  • Paralympics and the Fabrication of ‘Freak Shows’: On Aesthetics and Abjection in Sport.Kutte Jönsson - 2017 - Sport, Ethics and Philosophy 11 (2):224-237.
    Two years before the opening of the Paralympic Games in London in 2012, the British TV network Channel 4 launched a campaign called Freaks of Nature. As part of the campaign they produced the short film Meet the Superhumans by director Tom Tagholm. The film became an immediate success, but was also criticised for portraying the Paralympians as ‘freaks’ and for reducing the Paralympics to a ‘freak show’. But was it wrong to describe the Paralympics as a ‘freak show’? Is (...)
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  • Aristotle’s Golden Mean: Its Implications for the Doping Debate.Jung Hyun Hwang & R. Scott Kretchmar - 2010 - Journal of the Philosophy of Sport 37 (1):102-121.
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  • No Harm, No Foul? Justifying Bans On Safe Performance-Enhancing Drugs.John Gleaves - 2010 - Sport, Ethics and Philosophy 4 (3):269-283.
    Scholars such as Simon (2007; 2004) and Loland (2002) as well as the authors of the World Anti-Doping Code (2001) argue that using performance-enhancing substances is unhealthy and unfairly coercive for other athletes. Critics of the anti-doping position such as Hoberman (1995), Miah et al. (2005) and Tamburrini (2007) are quick to argue that such prohibitions, even though well-intended, constitute an unjustifiable form of paternalism. However, advocates for both of these positions assume that preserving good health and, conversely, avoiding health-related (...)
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  • Unnatural Technology in a “Natural” Practice? Human Nature and Performance-Enhancing Technology in Sport.Francisco Javier Lopez Frias - 2019 - Philosophies 4 (3):35.
    (1) Background: The World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) utilizes three criteria to include a technology in the List of Banned Substances and Methods—performance enhancement, health, and the spirit of sport. The latter is arguably the most fundamental one, as WADA justifies the anti-doping mission by appealing to it. (2) Method: Given the interrelationship among the notions of “human nature,” “natural talent,” and “sport,” I investigate what view of human nature underpins the “spirit of sport” criterion. To do so, I focus on (...)
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  • The Paradox of Bad Faith and Elite Competitive Sport.Leon Culbertson - 2005 - Journal of the Philosophy of Sport 32 (1):65-86.
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  • Reframing the Debate over Performance-Enhancing Drugs: The Reasonable Athlete Argument.Matthew C. Altman - forthcoming - Sport, Ethics and Philosophy:1-14.
    Governing bodies such as the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) and the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) make decisions about which drugs to prohibit athletes from using and the dosage...
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