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  1. Psychoanalysis and The Demarcation Criterion: Epistemological Criticism Revisited and New Paradigm.Marco Innamorati, Filippo Pergola & Diego Sarracino - 2018 - World Futures 74 (5):297-320.
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  • On Saving the Astronomical Phenomena: Physical Realism in Struggle with Mathematical Realism in Francis Bacon, al-Bitruji, and Averroës.Ünsal Çimen - 2019 - Hopos: The Journal of the International Society for the History of Philosophy of Science 9 (1):135-151.
    When we examine the history of astronomy up to the end of the seventeenth century by considering the relation between mathematical astronomy and natural philosophy, it has been argued that there were two groups of philosophers and astronomers: instrumentalists and realists. However, this classification is deficient when we consider attitudes toward the explanatory power of mathematics in determining astronomical theories. I offer the solution of dividing realists into two subcategories—mathematical realists and physical realists. Mathematical realists include those who thought mathematics (...)
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  • Types of optimality: Who is the steersman?Michael E. Hyland - 1991 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 14 (2):223-224.
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  • Thinking about change. Hussey - 2002 - Nursing Philosophy 3 (2):104-113.
    Beginning by offering a conceptual analysis of change – a statement of what change of any kind is – the paper sets out to examine possible ways of understanding a very common and important variety of change that may be called ‘evolutionary’. These changes include anything from the production of a clay pot on a potter's wheel to the emergence of a system of management, or from the effects of an analgesic drug to the development of a new programme of (...)
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  • The Principles of Biological Classification: The Use and Abuse of Philosophy.David L. Hull - 1978 - PSA Proceedings of the Biennial Meeting of the Philosophy of Science Association 1978 (2):130-153.
    In recent years two groups of taxonomists have attempted to influence the general goals and methods of biological classification. The first group, which emerged in the late 1950’s, has been called variously neo-Adansonian, numerical, computer and phenetic taxonomy. The founders of this school, Robert R. Sokal and P.H.A. Sneath, termed their unified approach to systematics “neo-Adansonian” because of the affinities which they saw between their views and those of the 18th century botanist, Michel Adanson (1727-1806). Today little mention is made (...)
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  • The use and abuse of sir Karl Popper.David L. Hull - 1999 - Biology and Philosophy 14 (4):481-504.
    Karl Popper has been one of the few philosophers of sciences who has influenced scientists. I evaluate Popper's influence on our understanding of evolutionary theory from his earliest publications to the present. Popper concluded that three sorts of statements in evolutionary biology are not genuine laws of nature. I take him to be right on this score. Popper's later distinction between evolutionary theory as a metaphysical research program and as a scientific theory led more than one scientist to misunderstand his (...)
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  • Studying the study of science scientifically.David L. Hull - 1998 - Perspectives on Science 6 (3):209-231.
    : Testing the claims that scientists make is extremely difficult. Testing the claims that philosophers of science make about science is even more difficult, difficult but not impossible. I discuss three efforts at testing the sorts of claims that philosophers of science make about science: the influence of scientists' age on the alacrity with which they accept new views, the effect of birth order on the sorts of contributions that scientists make, and the role of novel predictions in the acceptance (...)
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  • Reduction in Genetics—Biology or Philosophy?David L. Hull - 1972 - Philosophy of Science 39 (4):491-499.
    A belief common among philosophers and biologists alike is that Mendelian genetics has been or is in the process of being reduced to molecular genetics, in the sense of formal theory reduction current in the literature. The purpose of this paper is to show that there are numerous empirical and conceptual difficulties which stand in the way of establishing a systematic inferential relation between Mendelian and molecular genetics. These difficulties, however, have little to do with the traditional objections which have (...)
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  • Comparative cognition revisited.Stewart H. Hulse - 1982 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 5 (3):379-379.
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  • Discovery and explanation in sociology: Durkheim on suicide.Toby E. Huff - 1975 - Philosophy of the Social Sciences 5 (2):241-257.
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  • Discovery and Explanation in Sociology: Durkheim on Suicide.Toby E. Huff - 1975 - Philosophy of the Social Sciences 5 (3):241-257.
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  • Genes, hormones, and gender in sociopathy.Katharine Hoyenga - 1995 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 18 (3):560-560.
    Although serotonin, testosterone, and genes contribute to sociopathy, the relationships are probably indirect and subject to modifiers (e.g., present only under certain conditions of rearing and temperament). Age at menarche may be a marker variable as well as a causal factor. Since the genders differ in all four areas, sex differences in sociopathy represent a very complex interaction of these factors.
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  • Causal clarity and deeper dimensions in microbiota-gut-brain research.Katarzyna B. Hooks, Jan Pieter Konsman & Maureen A. O'Malley - 2019 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 42.
    Our analysis of microbiota-gut-brain research took MGB to task for some of its methods, concepts, and interpretations. Commentators then raised numerous issues about the neuroscientific and microbiome aspects of MGB and how it can be understood as a field. We respond by addressing the dimensionality and causal focus of MGB.
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  • Some reflections on testing psychoanalytic hypotheses.Robert R. Holt - 1986 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 9 (2):242-244.
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  • Implications of an evolutionary biopsychosocial model.Harmon R. Holcomb - 1995 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 18 (3):559-560.
    Mealey's work has several interesting implications: It refutes the charge that sociobiology paints a cynical portrait of human nature and adopts a one-sided reductionism; it exemplifies a general theoretical scheme for constructing evolutionary biopsychosocial models of human behavior; and it has the practical effect of promoting and informing early intervention in children at risk for psychopathic disorder.
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  • Falsificationism is not just ‘potential’ falsifiability, but requires ‘actual’ falsification: Social psychology, critical rationalism, and progress in science.Peter Holtz & Peter Monnerjahn - 2017 - Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour 47 (3):348-362.
    Based on an analysis of ten popular introductions to social psychology, we will show that Karl Popper's philosophy of ‘critical rationalism’ so far has had little to no traceable influence on the epistemology and practice of social psychology. If Popper is quoted or mentioned in the textbooks at all, the guiding principle of ‘falsificationism’ is reduced to a mere ‘falsifiability’ and some central elements of critical rationalism are left out – those that are incompatible with positivism and inductivism. Echoing earlier (...)
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  • When is a reflex not a reflex? The riddle of behavioral-state control.J. A. Hobson, R. Lydic & H. A. Baghdoyan - 1986 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 9 (3):426-448.
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  • Repressed infantile wishes as the instigators of all dreams.J. Allan Hobson - 1986 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 9 (2):241-242.
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  • Evolving concepts of sleep cycle generation: From brain centers to neuronal populations.J. A. Hobson, R. Lydic & H. A. Baghdoyan - 1986 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 9 (3):371-400.
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  • Duhem, Quine and a New Empiricism.Mary Hesse - 1969 - Royal Institute of Philosophy Lectures 3:191-209.
    As in the case of great books in all branches of philosophy, Pierre Duhem's Le Théorie Physique , first published in 1906, can be looked to as the progenitor of many different and even conflicting currents in subsequent philosophy of science. On a superficial reading, it seems to be an expression of what later came to be called deductivist and instrumentalist analyses of scientific theory. Duhem's very definition of physical theory, put forward early in the book, is the quintessence of (...)
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  • Duhem, Quine and a New Empiricism.Mary Hesse - 1969 - Royal Institute of Philosophy Lectures 3:191-209.
    As in the case of great books in all branches of philosophy, Pierre Duhem's Le Théorie Physique, first published in 1906, can be looked to as the progenitor of many different and even conflicting currents in subsequent philosophy of science. On a superficial reading, it seems to be an expression of what later came to be called deductivist and instrumentalist analyses of scientific theory. Duhem's very definition of physical theory, put forward early in the book, is the quintessence of instrumentalism:A (...)
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  • A Computational Definition of 'Consilience'.José Hernandez-Orallo - 1998 - Philosophica 61 (1):19-37.
    This paper defines in a formal and computational way the notion of ‘consilience’, a term introduced by Whewell in 1847 for the evaluation of scientific theories. Informally, as has been used to date, a model or theory is ‘consilient’ if it is predictive, explanatory and unifies the evide-nce. Centred in a constructive framework, where new terms can be intro-duced, we essay a formalisation of the idea of unification based on the avoidance of ‘sepa-ration’. However, it is soon manifest that this (...)
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  • The elusive sleep cycle generator.V. Henn - 1986 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 9 (3):408-408.
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  • Doubt and certainty in the neurophysiology of state.Steven J. Henriksen - 1986 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 9 (3):408-409.
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  • Optimality and constraint.David A. Helweg & Herbert L. Roitblat - 1991 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 14 (2):222-223.
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  • Popper and Kuhn: A Different Retrospect.Jagdish Hattiangadi - 2020 - Philosophy of the Social Sciences 51 (1):91-117.
    Karl Popper and Thomas Kuhn were friends of science because they shared some values—the value of science for humanity, especially. My thesis is that their different accounts of science could not sa...
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  • Scientific Progress and Collective Attitudes.Keith Raymond Harris - 2021 - Episteme:1-20.
    Psychological-epistemic accounts take scientific progress to consist in the development of some psychological-epistemic attitude. Disagreements over what the relevant attitude is – true belief, knowledge, or understanding – divide proponents of thesemantic,epistemic,andnoeticaccounts of scientific progress, respectively. Proponents of all such accounts face a common challenge. On the face of it, only individuals have psychological attitudes. However, as I argue in what follows, increases in individual true belief, knowledge, and understanding are neither necessary nor sufficient for scientific progress. Rather than being (...)
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  • Defending Science from all of its Enemies and some of its Friends.Rom Harré - 2000 - Dialectica 54 (4):265-281.
    Recent debates about the values and virtues of the sciences have been marked by philosophical errors and misunderstandings among both the supporters and the critics of the value of science. Some authors, such as Wilson defending the ultimate value of science and Appleyard decrying the influence of scientific modes of thinking, both assume the positivistic stance to understanding science. Others, such as Dawkins, Maddox and Wolpert, come through as scientific realists, celebrating the power of science to reach beyond what can (...)
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  • Review symposium : Douglas W. hands G. C. Archibald Joseph Agassi on S. J. Latsis, ed. method and appraisal in economics. Cambridge: Cambridge university press, 1976. Pp. VIII + 218. $17.50 the methodology of economic research programmes. [REVIEW]Douglas W. Hands - 1979 - Philosophy of the Social Sciences 9 (3):293-303.
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  • Representational redescription, memory, and connectionism.P. J. Hampson - 1994 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 17 (4):721-721.
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  • Developing and Assessing New Technology: Popper, Monsanto and GMOs.Jeremy K. Hall & Michael J. C. Martin - 2003 - Philosophy of Management 3 (2):13-22.
    The UK launch of the Science Enterprise Challenge in 1999 has stimulated interest in the evolutions of science-based firms and this paper argues that Popper’s seminal diverse contributions to philosophy are directly relevant to them. It begins by commenting on the applications of both Kuhn’s and Popper’s concepts to technological (as against) scientific evolutions. It then suggests how Popper’s approaches are applicable to the development and assessment of new technology within the framework of Freeman’s stakeholders approach. Monsanto’s development of GMOs (...)
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  • Wet physiology of REM sleep generation.W. Haefely - 1986 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 9 (3):407-407.
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  • Truth and paradox.Anil Gupta - 1982 - Journal of Philosophical Logic 11 (1):1-60.
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  • From Cognition to Consciousness: a discussion about learning, reality representation and decision making.David Guez - 2010 - Biological Theory 5 (2):136-141.
    The scientific understanding of cognition and consciousness is currently hampered by the lack of rigorous and universally accepted definitions that permit comparative studies. This paper proposes new functional and un- ambiguous definitions for cognition and consciousness in order to provide clearly defined boundaries within which general theories of cognition and consciousness may be developed. The proposed definitions are built upon the construction and manipulation of reality representation, decision making and learning and are scoped in terms of an underlying logical structure. (...)
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  • The primary/secondary distinction of psychopathy: A clinical perspective.Gisli H. Gudjonsson - 1995 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 18 (3):558-559.
    In this brief commentary the author concentrates on the treatment perspectives of Mealey's model. The main weakness of the model is that it does not provide a satisfactory theoretical connection between treatment and different types of target behavior. Even within the primary-secondary distinction, there are large individual differences that should not be overlooked in the planning of treatment.
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  • Beyond connectionist versus classical Al: A control theoretic perspective on development and cognitive science.Rick Grush - 1994 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 17 (4):720-720.
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  • Prediction in Selectionist Evolutionary Theory.Rasmus Gr⊘Nfeldt Winther - 2009 - Philosophy of Science 76 (5):889-901.
    Selectionist evolutionary theory has often been faulted for not making novel predictions that are surprising, risky, and correct. I argue that it in fact exhibits the theoretical virtue of predictive capacity in addition to two other virtues: explanatory unification and model fitting. Two case studies show the predictive capacity of selectionist evolutionary theory: parallel evolutionary change in E. coli, and the origin of eukaryotic cells through endosymbiosis.
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  • Précis of The Foundations of Psychoanalysis: A Philosophical Critique.Adolf Grünbaum - 1986 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 9 (2):217-228.
    This book critically examines Freud's own detailed arguments for his major explanatory and therapeutic principles, the current neorevisionist versions of psychoanalysis, and the hermeneuticists' reconstruction of Freud's theory and therapy as an alternative to what they claim was a “scientistic” misconstrual of the psychoanalytic enterprise. The clinical case for Freud's cornerstone theory of repression – the claim that psychic conflict plays a causal role in producing neuroses, dreams, and bungled actions – turns out to be ill-founded for two main reasons: (...)
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  • Is Freud's theory well-founded?Adolf Grünbaum - 1986 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 9 (2):266-284.
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  • The case against Freud's cases.Roger P. Greenberg - 1986 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 9 (2):240-241.
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  • Modeling sleep: We need all the perspectives we can get!Ramon Greenberg - 1986 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 9 (3):406-407.
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  • Dissociation, self-attribution, and redescription.George Graham - 1994 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 17 (4):719-719.
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  • The Concept of Truth in Feminist Sciences.Geoffrey Gorham - 1995 - Hypatia 10 (3):99 - 116.
    If we view the aim of feminist science as truthlikeness, instead of either absolute or relative truth, then we can explain the sense in which the feminist sciences bring an objective advance in knowledge without implicating One True Theory. I argue that a certain non-linguistic theory of truthlikeness is especially well-suited to this purpose and complements the feminist epistemologies of Harding, Haraway, and Longino.
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  • Some distinctions among representations.M. Gopnik - 1982 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 5 (3):378-379.
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  • Evolutionary Epistemology: Two Research Avenues, Three Schools, and A Single and Shared Agenda.Nathalie Gontier & Michael Bradie - 2021 - Journal for General Philosophy of Science / Zeitschrift für Allgemeine Wissenschaftstheorie 52 (2):197-209.
    This special issue for the Journal for General Philosophy of Science is devoted to exploring the impact and many ramifications of current research in evolutionary epistemology. Evolutionary epistemology is an inter- and multidisciplinary area of research that can be divided into two ever-inclusive research avenues. One research avenue expands on the EEM program and investigates the epistemology of evolution. The other research avenue builds on the EET program and researches the evolution of epistemology. Since its conception, EE has developed three (...)
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  • Do you have to be right to redescribe?Susan Goldin-Meadow & Martha Wagner Alibali - 1994 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 17 (4):718-719.
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  • Dynamical Phenomena and Their Models: Truth and Empirical Correctness.Marco Giunti - 2020 - Foundations of Science 28 (1):327-375.
    In the epistemological tradition, there are two main interpretations of the semantic relation that an empirical theory may bear to the real world. According to realism, the theory-world relationship should be conceived as truth; according to instrumentalism, instead, it should be limited to empirical adequacy. Then, depending on how empirical theories are conceived, either syntactically as a class of sentences, or semantically as a class of models, the concepts of truth and empirical adequacy assume different and specific forms. In this (...)
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  • A Response to the Attempted Critique of the Scientific Phenomenological Method.Amedeo Giorgi - 2017 - Journal of Phenomenological Psychology 48 (1):83-144.
    Recently, a book was published, the sole purpose of which was to discourage researchers from using the scientific phenomenological method. The author had previously been critical of nurses who had used the scientific phenomenological method but in the new book he goes after the originators of different methods of scientific phenomenological research and attempts to criticize them severely. In this review I defend only the scientific phenomenological method that is strictly based upon the thought of Edmund Husserl. Given the entirely (...)
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  • German Philosophy of Mathematics from Gauss to Hilbert.Donald Gillies - 1999 - Royal Institute of Philosophy Supplement 44:167-192.
    Suppose we were to ask some students of philosophy to imagine a typical book of classical German philosophy and describe its general style and character, how might they reply? I suspect that they would answer somewhat as follows. The book would be long and heavy, it would be written in a complicated style which employed only very abstract terms, and it would be extremely difficult to understand. At all events a description of this kind does indeed fit many famous works (...)
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  • Discovery in Cognitive Psychology: New Tools Inspire New Theories.Gerd Gigerenzer - 1992 - Science in Context 5 (2):329-350.
    The ArgumentScientific tools—measurement and calculation instruments, techniques of inference—straddle the line between the context of discovery and the context of justification. In discovery, new scientific tools suggest new theoretical metaphors and concepts; and in justification, these tool-derived theoretical metaphors and concepts are morelikely to be accepted by the scientific community if the tools are already entrenched in scientific practice.Techniques of statistical inference and hypothesis testing entered American psychology first as tools in the 1940s and 1950s and then as cognitive theories (...)
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