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  1. Natural categories and natural concepts.Frank C. Keil - 1981 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 4 (2):293-294.
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  • Taxonomy is older than thinking: Epigenetic decisions.Andrew Packard - 1981 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 4 (2):296-297.
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  • Species as individuals: Logical, biological, and philosophical problems.Michael Ruse - 1981 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 4 (2):299-300.
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  • Natural kinds.Stephen P. Schwartz - 1981 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 4 (2):301-302.
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  • Categories, life, and thinking.Michael T. Ghiselin - 1981 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 4 (2):269-283.
    Classifying is a fundamental operation in the acquisition of knowledge. Taxonomic theory can help students of cognition, evolutionary psychology, ethology, anatomy, and sociobiology to avoid serious mistakes, both practical and theoretical. More positively, it helps in generating hypotheses useful to a wide range of disciplines. Composite wholes, such as species and societies, are “individuals” in the logical sense, and should not be treated as if they were classes. A group of analogous features is a natural kind, but a group of (...)
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  • Phylogenetic definitions and taxonomic philosophy.Kevin de Queiroz - 1992 - Biology and Philosophy 7 (3):295-313.
    An examination of the post-Darwinian history of biological taxonomy reveals an implicit assumption that the definitions of taxon names consist of lists of organismal traits. That assumption represents a failure to grant the concept of evolution a central role in taxonomy, and it causes conflicts between traditional methods of defining taxon names and evolutionary concepts of taxa. Phylogenetic definitions of taxon names (de Queiroz and Gauthier 1990) grant the concept of common ancestry a central role in the definitions of taxon (...)
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  • Darwin's evolutionary philosophy: The laws of change.Edward S. Reed - 1978 - Acta Biotheoretica 27 (3-4):201-235.
    The philosophical or metaphysical architecture of Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection is analyzed and diflussed. It is argued that natural selection was for Darwin a paradigmatic case of a natural law of change — an exemplar of what Ghiselin (1969) has called selective retention laws. These selective retention laws lie at the basis of Darwin's revolutionary world view. In this essay special attention is paid to the consequences for Darwin's concept of species of his selective retention laws. Although (...)
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  • Biopopulations, not biospecies, are individuals and evolve.Mario Bunge - 1981 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 4 (2):284-285.
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  • Ecological laws of perceiving and acting: In reply to Fodor and Pylyshyn.Michael T. Turvey, R. E. Shaw, Edward S. Reed & William M. Mace - 1981 - Cognition 9 (3):237-304.
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  • Taxa, life, and thinking.Michael T. Ghiselin - 1981 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 4 (2):303-313.
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  • Universals, particulars, and paradigms.Helen Heise - 1981 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 4 (2):289-290.
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  • (1 other version)What Is a Species? A Contribution to the Never Ending Species Debate in Biology.Martin Mahner - 1993 - Journal for General Philosophy of Science / Zeitschrift für Allgemeine Wissenschaftstheorie 24 (1):103 - 126.
    The continuing discussion of the species problem suffers from the lack of a coherent ontological theory as a basis for determining whether species have an ontological status. It has attempted to apply a full-fledged metaphysical theory to the species problem: the ontology of Mario Bunge. In doing so a few ontological fundamentals including system, individual, real and conceptual object, and law are briefly introduced. It is with the help of these fundamentals that an analysis of the species-as-individuals thesis is carried (...)
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  • (1 other version)What is a species?Martin Mahner - 1993 - Journal for General Philosophy of Science / Zeitschrift für Allgemeine Wissenschaftstheorie 24 (1):103 - 126.
    The continuing discussion of the species problem suffers from the lack of a coherent ontological theory as a basis for determining whether species have an ontological status. It has attempted to apply a full-fledged metaphysical theory to the species problem: the ontology of Mario Bunge. In doing so a few ontological fundamentals including system, individual, real and conceptual object, and law are briefly introduced. It is with the help of these fundamentals that an analysis of the species-as-individuals thesis is carried (...)
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  • Historical Kinds in the Social World.Muhammad Ali Khalidi - 2024 - Philosophy of the Social Sciences 54 (6):463-489.
    This paper makes a distinction between ahistorical causal-functional kinds and historical kinds, which include both type- and token-historical kinds, some of which are “copied kinds.” After showing how these distinctions play out in various social sciences, a number of reasons are put forward for the historical individuation of some social kinds. As in the natural sciences, historical individuation in the social sciences can enable us to infer common causes, explain synchronic causal properties, and discover exceptions to causal regularities, among other (...)
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  • Typologies: Obstacles and opportunities in scientific change.Alexander Rosenberg - 1981 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 4 (2):298-299.
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  • ‘Species-typicality’: Can individuals have typical parts?Timothy D. Johnston - 1981 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 4 (2):291-292.
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  • The world represented as a hierarchy of nature may not require “species”.Stanley N. Salthe - 1981 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 4 (2):300-301.
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  • Taxa, individuals, clusters and a few other things.Donald H. Colless - 2006 - Biology and Philosophy 21 (3):353-367.
    The recognition of species proceeds by two fairly distinct phases: (1) the sorting of individuals into groups or basic taxa (‘discovery’) (2) the checking of those taxa as candidates for species-hood (‘justification’). The target here is a rational reconstruction of phase 1, beginning with a discussion of key terms. The transmission of ‘meaning’ is regarded as bimodal: definition states the intension of the term, and diagnosis provides a disjunction of criteria for recognition of its extension. The two are connected by (...)
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  • Units “of” selection: The end of “of”?F. J. Odling-Smee & H. C. Plotkin - 1981 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 4 (2):295-296.
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  • The metaphysics of individuality and its consequences for systematic biology.E. O. Wiley - 1981 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 4 (2):302-303.
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  • Alternative formulations of multilevel selection.John Damuth & I. Lorraine Heisler - 1988 - Biology and Philosophy 3 (4):407-430.
    Hierarchical expansions of the theory of natural selection exist in two distinct bodies of thought in evolutionary biology, the group selection and the species selection traditions. Both traditions share the point of view that the principles of natural selection apply at levels of biological organization above the level of the individual organism. This leads them both to considermultilevel selection situations, where selection is occurring simultaneously at more than one level. Impeding unification of the theoretical approaches of the multilevel selection traditions (...)
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  • Species, Sets, and the Derivative Nautre of Philosophy.Leigh M. Van Valen - 1988 - Biology and Philosophy 3 (1):49.
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  • Metaphysics and common usage.David L. Hull - 1981 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 4 (2):290-291.
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  • What does Ghiselin mean by “individual”?Joseph B. Kruskal - 1981 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 4 (2):294-295.
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  • The demise of mental representations.Edward S. Reed - 1981 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 4 (2):297-298.
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  • Pick your poison: Historicism, essentialism, and emergentism in the definition of species.Arthur L. Caplan - 1981 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 4 (2):285-286.
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  • Valor metafísico de la naturaleza humana en Rosmini y Stein. Un diálogo con el transhumanismo.Ramón Caro Plaza - 2023 - Revista de Filosofía (Madrid) 48 (2):337-356.
    Este artículo pretende contribuir a superar un debate improductivo de posturas dogmáticas en torno a las modernas antropotécnicas. Con este fin, sugiere una fundamentación de la naturaleza humana como referencia normativa. Lo hace respaldándose en las diversas aportaciones de antropología filosófica, especialmente las de Antonio Rosmini y Edith Stein. Inicialmente, aborda el significado general de naturaleza, vinculándolo con las nociones de especie y esencia. Seguidamente, delinea los rasgos principales de la naturaleza humana desde un enfoque observacional y sinóptico. Desde aquí, (...)
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  • Categorization and affordances.Rebecca K. Jones & Anne D. Pick - 1981 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 4 (2):292-293.
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  • Individuality and comparative biology.William L. Fink - 1981 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 4 (2):288-289.
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  • Rethinking categories and life.Peter A. Corning - 1981 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 4 (2):286-288.
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