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  1. Neonatal incubator or artificial womb? Distinguishing ectogestation and ectogenesis using the metaphysics of pregnancy.Elselijn Kingma & Suki Finn - 2020 - Bioethics 34 (4):354-363.
    A 2017 Nature report was widely touted as hailing the arrival of the artificial womb. But the scientists involved claim their technology is merely an improvement in neonatal care. This raises an under-considered question: what differentiates neonatal incubation from artificial womb technology? Considering the nature of gestation—or metaphysics of pregnancy—(a) identifies more profound differences between fetuses and neonates/babies than their location (in or outside the maternal body) alone: fetuses and neonates have different physiological and physical characteristics; (b) characterizes birth as (...)
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  • The Saving/Creating Distinction and the Axiology of the Cost–Benefit Approach to Neonatal Medicine.Tomasz Żuradzki - 2017 - American Journal of Bioethics 17 (8):29-31.
    The aim of this commentary is to discuss the axiology of the cost–benefit approach assumed by Travis Rieder (2017) to analyze medical decision making in the case of extremely preterm infants.
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  • Eliminating ‘ life worth living’.Fumagalli Roberto - 2018 - Philosophical Studies 175 (3):769-792.
    This article argues for the elimination of the concept of life worth living from philosophical vocabulary on three complementary grounds. First, the basic components of this concept suffer from multiple ambiguities, which hamper attempts to ground informative evaluative and classificatory judgments about the worth of life. Second, the criteria proposed to track the extension of the concept of life worth living rest on unsupported axiological assumptions and fail to identify precise and plausible referents for this concept. And third, the concept (...)
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  • A Life Below the Threshold? Examining Conflict Between Ethical Principles and Parental Values In Neonatal Treatment Decision Making.Thomas V. Cunningham - 2016 - Narrative Inquiry in Bioethics 6 (1).
    Three common ethical principles for establishing the limits of parental authority in pediatric treatment decision making are the harm principle, the principle of best interest, and the threshold view. This paper consider how these principles apply to a case of a premature neonate with multiple significant comorbidities whose mother wanted all possible treatments, and whose health care providers wondered whether it would be ethically permissible to allow him to die comfortably despite her wishes. Whether and how these principles help to (...)
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  • Well‐Being, Self‐Regarding Reasons, and Morality.Howard L. M. Nye - 2014 - Thought: A Journal of Philosophy 3 (4):332-341.
    It seems that we should want to avoid becoming intellectually disabled. It is common for philosophers to infer from this that those of us without intellectual disabilities are intrinsically better off than individuals with intellectual disabilities, and that there are consequently stronger moral reasons for others to preserve our lives than to preserve the lives of intellectually disabled individuals. In this article, I argue against this inference from what states we should prefer for ourselves to how much moral reason others (...)
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  • Human Enhancement and Reproductive Ethics on Generation Ships.Steven Umbrello & Maurizio Balistreri - forthcoming - Argumenta:1-15.
    The past few years has seen a resurgence in the public interest in space flight and travel. Spurred mainly by the likes of technology billionaires like Elon Musk and Jeff Bezos, the topic poses both unique scientific as well as ethical challenges. This paper looks at the concept of generation ships, conceptual behemoth ships whose goal is to bring a group of human settlers to distant exoplanets. These ships are designed to host multiple generations of people who will be born, (...)
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  • Meaning and Medicine: An Underexplored Bioethical Value.Thaddeus Metz - 2021 - Ethik in der Medizin 33 (4):439-453.
    In this article, part of a special issue on meaning in life and medical ethics, I argue that several issues encountered in a bioethical context are not adequately addressed only with values such as morality and welfare. I maintain, more specifically, that the value of what makes a life meaningful is essential to being able to provide conclusive judgements about which decisions to make. After briefly indicating how meaningfulness differs from rightness and happiness, I point out how it is plausibly (...)
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  • (1 other version)Life Worth Living (rev. edn).Thaddeus Metz - 2021 - In Filomena Maggino (ed.), Encyclopedia of Quality of Life and Well-Being Research, 2nd edn. Springer. pp. 1-4.
    An updated version of this encyclopedia entry on the concept of what, if anything, makes life worthwhile.
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  • Worth living or worth dying? The views of the general public about allowing disabled children to die.Claudia Brick, Guy Kahane, Dominic Wilkinson, Lucius Caviola & Julian Savulescu - 2020 - Journal of Medical Ethics 46 (1):7-15.
    BackgroundDecisions about withdrawal of life support for infants have given rise to legal battles between physicians and parents creating intense media attention. It is unclear how we should evaluate when life is no longer worth living for an infant. Public attitudes towards treatment withdrawal and the role of parents in situations of disagreement have not previously been assessed.MethodsAn online survey was conducted with a sample of the UK public to assess public views about the benefit of life in hypothetical cases (...)
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  • Philosophy and Disability: What Should Philosophy Do?Anita Silvers - 2016 - Res Philosophica 93 (4):843-863.
    Elizabeth Barnes’s recently proposed value-neutral model for disability provoked a familiar storm of oft-made objections from philosophers who appear committed to equating being disabled with being intrinsically or inescapably disadvantaged. Their narrow framing of the options for disabled people is influenced, I suggest, by purposes to which “disability” (on my analysis, a term of art) now is put. But there are both epistemic and moral reasons to refrain from importing the normative narrowness imposed by these purposes into our philosophical investigation (...)
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  • Neonatal Decision-Making: Beyond the Standard of Best Interests.Robert D. Truog & Sadath A. Sayeed - 2011 - American Journal of Bioethics 11 (2):44 - 45.
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  • The Locus of Decision Making for Severely Impaired Newborn Infants.Robert M. Sade - 2011 - American Journal of Bioethics 11 (2):39 - 40.
    Expert analysis is indispensable, especially in medical decision making, because it helps both physicians and patients in making rational decisions. In fact, medical expertise is the very reason pe...
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  • Postponed Withholding: Balanced Decision-Making at the Margins of Viability.Janicke Syltern, Lars Ursin, Berge Solberg & Ragnhild Støen - 2021 - American Journal of Bioethics 22 (11):15-26.
    Advances in neonatology have led to improved survival for periviable infants. Immaturity still carries a high risk of short- and long-term harms, and uncertainty turns provision of life support int...
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  • Charlie Gard and the weight of parental rights to seek experimental treatment.Giles Birchley - 2018 - Journal of Medical Ethics 44 (7):448-452.
    The case of Charlie Gard, an infant with a genetic illness whose parents sought experimental treatment in the USA, brought important debates about the moral status of parents and children to the public eye. After setting out the facts of the case, this article considers some of these debates through the lens of parental rights. Parental rights are most commonly based on the promotion of a child’s welfare; however, in Charlie’s case, promotion of Charlie’s welfare cannot explain every fact of (...)
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  • Metaphors in the Management of Extremely Preterm Birth.Anita Silvers & Leslie Pickering Francis - 2017 - American Journal of Bioethics 17 (8):37-39.
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  • A Moderate Zero Line Approach: Opposing Thresholds Beyond the Zero Line.Yen-Chang Chen & Yen-Yuan Chen - 2011 - American Journal of Bioethics 11 (2):41 - 42.
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  • Controversial end-of-life issues in the neonatal intensive care unit.David Isaacs - 2011 - American Journal of Bioethics 11 (2):43 - 44.
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  • Deciding when a life is not worth living: An_ _imperative to measure what matters.Monica E. Lemmon - 2020 - Journal of Medical Ethics 46 (1):18-19.
    As a neonatal neurologist, I serve families facing tragic decisions in which they must balance trade-offs between death and life with profound disability. I often find myself in complex discussions about future outcome, in which families sort through in real-time what information they value most in making such a choice. Will he laugh? Will he be in pain? Will he know how much he’s loved? In this month’s feature article, Brick et al share the results of an online survey aimed (...)
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  • (1 other version)Technology solutionism in paediatric intensive care: clinicians’ perspectives of bioethical considerations.Denise Alexander, Mary Quirke, Carmel Doyle, Katie Hill, Kate Masterson & Maria Brenner - 2023 - BMC Medical Ethics 24 (1):1-9.
    Background The use of long-term life-sustaining technology for children improves survival rates in paediatric intensive care units (PICUs), but it may also increase long-term morbidity. One example of this is children who are dependent on invasive long-term ventilation. Clinicians caring for these children navigate an increasing array of ethical complexities. This study looks at the meaning clinicians give to the bioethical considerations associated with the availability of increasingly sophisticated technology. Methods A hermeneutic phenomenological exploration of the experiences of clinicians in (...)
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  • Czy rodzice powinni mieć prawo do decydowania o życiu i śmierci krytycznie chorych noworodków?Kazimierz Szewczyk - 2012 - Diametros 34:154-178.
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  • Shedding Light on the Gray Zone.Dominic James Wilkinson - 2011 - American Journal of Bioethics 11 (2):W3 - W5.
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  • Life and death choices in neonatal care: applying shared decision-making focused on parental values.Alexander A. Kon - 2011 - American Journal of Bioethics 11 (2):35 - 36.
    (2011). Life and Death Choices in Neonatal Care: Applying Shared Decision-Making Focused on Parental Values. The American Journal of Bioethics: Vol. 11, No. 2, pp. 35-36.
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  • “Save or Create”: The Practical Asymmetry of Judgment Training in Decision Making in Neonatology–When Basic Desires Clash With Preparation to Act.Michael R. Gomez - 2017 - American Journal of Bioethics 17 (8):31-33.
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  • Asymmetrical Reasons, Newborn Infants, and Resource Allocation.Dominic Wilkinson & Dean Hayden - 2017 - American Journal of Bioethics 17 (8):13-15.
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  • Public views about quality of life and treatment withdrawal in infants: limitations and directions for future research.Ryan H. Nelson - 2020 - Journal of Medical Ethics 46 (1):20-21.
    Work done within the realm of what is sometimes called ‘descriptive ethics’ brings two questions readily to mind: How can empirical findings, in general, inform normative debates? and How can these empirical findings, in particular, inform the normative debate at hand? Brick et al 1 confront these questions in their novel investigation of public views about lives worth living and the permissibility of withdrawing life-sustaining treatment from critically ill infants. Mindful of the is-ought gap, the authors suggest modestly that their (...)
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  • Saving or Creating: Which Are We Doing When We Resuscitate Extremely Preterm Infants?Travis N. Rieder - 2017 - American Journal of Bioethics 17 (8):4-12.
    Neonatal intensive care units represent simultaneously one of the great success stories of modern medicine, and one of its most controversial developments. One particularly controversial issue is the resuscitation of extremely preterm infants. Physicians in the United States generally accept that they are required to resuscitate infants born as early as 25 weeks and that it is permissible to resuscitate as early as 22 weeks. In this article, I question the moral pressure to resuscitate by criticizing the idea that resuscitation (...)
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  • Which newborn infants are too expensive to treat? Camosy and rationing in intensive care.Dominic Wilkinson - 2013 - Journal of Medical Ethics 39 (8):502-506.
    Are there some newborn infants whose short- and long-term care costs are so great that treatment should not be provided and they should be allowed to die? Public discourse and academic debate about the ethics of newborn intensive care has often shied away from this question. There has been enough ink spilt over whether or when for the infant's sake it might be better not to provide life-saving treatment. The further question of not saving infants because of inadequate resources has (...)
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  • Ethical Dilemmas in Postnatal Treatment of Severe Congenital Hydrocephalus.Dominic Wilkinson - 2016 - Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 25 (1):84-92.
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  • The relational threshold: a life that is valued, or a life of value?Dominic Wilkinson, Claudia Brick, Guy Kahane & Julian Savulescu - 2020 - Journal of Medical Ethics 46 (1):24-25.
    The four thoughtful commentaries on our feature article draw out interesting empirical and normative questions. The aim of our study was to examine the views of a sample of the general public about a set of cases of disputed treatment for severely impaired infants.1 We compared those views with legal determinations that treatment was or was not in the infants’ best interests, and with some published ethical frameworks for decisions. We deliberately did not draw explicit ethical conclusions from our survey (...)
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  • Cloudy crystal balls do not “gray” babies make.Anita Silvers & Leslie Francis - 2011 - American Journal of Bioethics 11 (2):36 - 38.
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  • Standards, norms, and guidelines for permissible withdrawal of life support from seriously compromised newborns.John J. Paris - 2011 - American Journal of Bioethics 11 (2):33 - 34.
    (2011). Standards, Norms, and Guidelines for Permissible Withdrawal of Life Support From Seriously Compromised Newborns. The American Journal of Bioethics: Vol. 11, No. 2, pp. 33-34.
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