The concept of Volk in Heidegger as an exponent of fundamental ontological structure of Mit-Sein

Diacrítica. Issn: 0870-8967 30 (2):73-85 (2016)
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Abstract

Nuestra propuesta es desarrollar una teoría política a partir del pensamiento de Martin Heidegger. En la biografía de Heidegger, la vinculación que tiene con la política pasa por ser miembro del Partido Nazi (NSDAP) pero en su filosofía sólo hace algunas referencias explícitas a la cuestión de la vida en comunidad. Sin embargo, lo que pretendemos es que a partir de conceptos como Volk (pueblo) y de la estructura ontológica fundamental de Mit-sein (Ser-con) se pueda establecer una filosofía política de Heidegger, bastante alejada de la barbarie política que supone el nazismo. Para ello hay que desgranar la terminología heideggeriana y definir claramente qué es el Volk y su relación con el Dasein, el individuo particular, y la estructura antes señalada como Mit-sein. La idea general es que el colectivo, la comunidad, se llama Volk y es ese Volk el que dota de Ser a ese ente tan particular llamado Dasein. ---- Our proposal is to develop a political theory from Martin Heidegger's thinking. In Heidegger's biography, the link that he has with politics passes through being a member of the Nazi Party (NSDAP) but in his philosophy he just makes a few explicit references to the question of community life. However, what we intend is that from concepts like Volk (people) and from the fundamental ontological structure of Mit-sein (Being-with) can be established a Heidegger's political philosophy, quite far from the political barbarism that entail the Nazism. For this we have to thresh Heideggerian terminology and clearly define what Volk is and its relation with Dasein, the particular individual, and the structure earlier indicated as Mit-sein. The general idea is that the collective, the community, is called Volk and it is that Volk which endow with Being that entity so particular called Dasein.

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Fernando Gilabert
Universidad de Sevilla

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