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  1. A Theory of Justice: Revised Edition.John Rawls - 1999 - Harvard University Press.
    Previous edition, 1st, published in 1971.
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  • Leaving a Legacy: Intergenerational Allocations of Benefits and Burdens.Kimberly A. Wade-Benzoni, Harris Sondak & Adam D. Galinsky - 2010 - Business Ethics Quarterly 20 (1):7-34.
    In six experiments, we investigated the role of resource valence in intergenerational attitudes and allocations. We found that, compared to benefits, allocating burdens intergenerationally increased concern with one’s legacy, heightened ethical concerns, intensified moral emotions (e.g., guilt, shame), and led to feelings of greater responsibility for and affinity with future generations. We argue that, because of greater concern with legacies and the associated moral implications of one’s decisions, allocating burdens leads to greater intergenerational generosity as compared to benefits. Our data (...)
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  • Relationships and Responsibilities.Samuel Scheffler - 1997 - Philosophy and Public Affairs 26 (3):189-209.
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  • Thick and Thin: Moral Argument at Home and Abroad.Michael Walzer - 1995 - Philosophy 70 (273):472-475.
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  • Child Labor and Multinational Conduct: A Comparison of International Business and Stakeholder Codes.Ans Kolk & Rob van Tuldere - 2002 - Journal of Business Ethics 36 (3):291 - 301.
    Increasing attention to the issue of child labor has been reflected in codes of conduct that emerged in the past decade in particular. This paper examines the way in which multinationals, business associations, governmental and non-governmental organizations deal with child labor in their codes. With a standardized framework, it analyzes 55 codes drawn up by these different actors to influence firms' external, societal behavior. The exploratory study helps to identify the main issues related to child labor and the use of (...)
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  • On the Relevance of Political Philosophy to Business Ethics.Jeffrey Moriarty - 2005 - Business Ethics Quarterly 15 (3):455-473.
    Abstract:The central problems of political philosophy (e.g., legitimate authority, distributive justice) mirror the central problems of business ethics. The question naturally arises: should political theories be applied to problems in business ethics? If a version of egalitarianism is the correct theory of justice for states, for example, does it follow that it is the correct theory of justice for businesses? If states should be democratically governed by their citizens, should businesses be democratically managed by their employees? Most theorists who have (...)
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  • Future Generations and Business Ethics.Ronald Jeurissen & Gerard Keijzers - 2004 - Business Ethics Quarterly 14 (1):47-69.
    Abstract:Companies have a share in our common responsibility to future generations. Hitherto, this responsibility has been all but neglected in the business ethics literature. This paper intends to make up for that omission. A strong case for our moral responsibility to future generations can be established on the grounds of moral rights theory, utilitarianism and justice theory. The paper analyses two practical cases in environmental policy, in order to come to grips with the complicated ethical issues involved in the responsibility (...)
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  • The Legacy Motive: A Catalyst for Sustainable Decision Making in Organizations.Kimberly A. Wade-Benzoni - 2010 - Business Ethics Quarterly 20 (2):153-185.
    ABSTRACT:In this article, we review and build on intergenerational and behavioral ethics research to consider how the motive to build a lasting legacy can impact ethical behavior in intergenerational decision making. We discuss how people can utilize their relationships to organizations to craft their legacies. Further, we elucidate how the legacy motive can enhance business ethics, incorporating theory and empirical findings from research on intergenerational decision making, generativity, and terror management theory to develop the legacy construct and to outline the (...)
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  • (1 other version)On Future Generations’ Future Rights.Gosseries Axel - 2008 - Journal of Political Philosophy 16 (4):446-474.
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  • The Tragedy of the Commons.Garrett Hardin - 1968 - Science 162 (3859):1243-1248.
    At the end of a thoughtful article on the future of nuclear war, Wiesner and York concluded that: "Both sides in the arms race are... confronted by the dilemma of steadily increasing military power and steadily decreasing national security. It is our considered professional judgment that this dilemma has no technical solution. If the great powers continue to look for solutions in the area of science and technology only, the result will be to worsen the situation.".
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  • Future generations, public policy, and the motivation problem.Norman S. Care - 1982 - Environmental Ethics 4 (3):195-213.
    A motivation problem may arise when morally principled public policy calls for serious sacrifice, relative to ways of life and levels of well-being, on the part of the members of a free society. Apart from legal or other forms of “external” coercion, what will, could, or should move people to make the sacrifices required by morality? I explore the motivation problem in the context of morally principled public policy concerning our legacy for future generations. In this context the problem raises (...)
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  • Future generations: Further problems.Derek Parfit - 1982 - Philosophy and Public Affairs 11 (2):113-172.
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  • Business Ethics and (or as) Political Philosophy.Joseph Heath, Jeffrey Moriarty & Wayne Norman - 2010 - Business Ethics Quarterly 20 (3):427-452.
    ABSTRACT:There is considerable overlap between the interests of business ethicists and those of political philosophers. Questions about the moral justifiability of the capitalist system, the basis of property rights, and the problem of inequality in the distribution of income have been of central importance in both fields. However, political philosophers have developed, especially over the past four decades, a set of tools and concepts for addressing these questions that are in many ways quite distinctive. Most business ethicists, on the other (...)
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  • Reciprocity.Lawrence C. Becker - 1986 - Boston: Routledge.
    The tendency to reciprocate – to return good for good and evil for evil – is a potent force in human life, and the concept of reciprocity is closely connected to fundamental notions of ‘justice’, ‘obligation’ or ‘duty’, ‘gratitude’ and ‘equality’. In _Reciprocity_, first published in 1986,_ _Lawrence Becker presents a sustained argument about reciprocity, beginning with the strategy for developing a moral theory of the virtues. He considers the concept of reciprocity in detail, contending that it is a basic (...)
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  • Reasonable Partiality Towards Compatriots.David Miller - 2005 - Ethical Theory and Moral Practice 8 (1-2):63-81.
    Ethical theories normally make room both for global duties to human beings everywhere and special duties to those we are attached to in some way. Such a split-level view requires us to specify the kind of attachment that can ground special duties, and to explain the comparative force of the two kinds of duties in cases of conflict. Special duties are generated within groups that are intrinsically valuable and not inherently unjust, where the duties can be shown to be integral (...)
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  • The Real Tragedy of the Commons.Stephen M. Gardiner - 2001 - Philosophy and Public Affairs 30 (4):387-416.
    In two celebrated and widely-anthologized articles, as well as several books, the biologist Garrett Hardin claims (a) that the world population problem has a certain structure – it is a tragedy of the commons - and, (b) that, given this structure, the only tenable solutions involve either coercion or immense human suffering. In this paper, I shall argue for two claims. First, Hardin’s arguments are deeply flawed. The population problem as he conceives it does not have the structure of a (...)
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  • Citizenship, Well-Being and Sustainability: Epicurus or Aristotle?John O’Neill - 2006 - Analyse & Kritik 28 (2):158-172.
    The paper addresses two questions central to recent environmental political thought: Can a reduction in consumption be rendered compatible with a maintenance or improvement of well-being? What are the conditions for a sense of citizenship that crosses different generations? The two questions have elicited two conflicting responses. The first has been answered in broadly Epicurean terms: in recent environmental thought appeal has been made to recent hedonic research which appears to show that improvements in subjective well-being can be decoupled from (...)
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  • (1 other version)After Virtue.A. MacIntyre - 1981 - Tijdschrift Voor Filosofie 46 (1):169-171.
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  • Why Posterity Matters: Environmental Policies and Future Generations.Avner De-Shalit - 1994 - Routledge.
    The first comprehensive philosophical examination of our duties to future generations, Dr de-Shalit argues that they are a matter of justice, not charity or supererogation.
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  • (1 other version)Sustainability and Intergenerational Justice.Brian Barry - 1997 - Theoria 44 (89):43-64.
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  • The environment as a stakeholder? A fairness-based approach.Robert A. Phillips & Joel Reichart - 2000 - Journal of Business Ethics 23 (2):185 - 197.
    Stakeholder theory is often unable to distinguish those individuals and groups that are stakeholders from those that are not. This problem of stakeholder identity has recently been addressed by linking stakeholder theory to a Rawlsian principle of fairness. To illustrate, the question of stakeholder status for the non-human environment is discussed. This essay criticizes a past attempt to ascribe stakeholder status to the non-human environment, which utilized a broad definition of the term "stakeholder." This paper then demonstrates how, despite the (...)
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  • A Social Contract Account for CSR as an Extended Model of Corporate Governance : Compliance, Reputation and Reciprocity.Lorenzo Sacconi - 2007 - Journal of Business Ethics 75 (1):77-96.
    This essay seeks to give a contractarian foundation to the concept of Corporate Social Responsibility, meant as an extended model of corporate governance of the firm. Whereas, justificatory issues have been discussed in a related paper, in this essay I focus on the implementation of and compliance with this normative model. The theory of reputation games, with reference to the basic game of trust, is introduced in order to make sense of self-regulation as a way to implement the social contract (...)
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  • The Commons and the Moral Organization.Edwin M. Hartman - 1994 - Business Ethics Quarterly 4 (3):253-269.
    Abstract:A complex organization is in effect a commons, which supervisory techniques cannot preserve from free riding. A corporate culture strong enough to create the requisite community-minded second-order desires and beliefs may be morally illegitimate. What morality requires is not local enforcement of foundational moral principles—a futile undertaking—but that the organization be a good community in that it permits the disaffected to exit, encourages reflective consideration of morality and the good life, and creates appropriate loyalty.
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  • The ethics of memory.Avishai Margalit - 2002 - Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
    In a book that asks, 'Is there an ethics of memory?' Avishai Margalit addresses a separate, perhaps more pressing, set of concerns.
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  • (1 other version)On future generations' future rights.Axel Gosseries - 2008 - Journal of Political Philosophy 16 (4):446-474.
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  • Justice and future generations.D. Clayton Hubin - 1976 - Philosophy and Public Affairs 6 (1):70-83.
    In A Theory of Justice, Rawls attempts to ground intergenerational justice by "virtual representation" through a thickening of the veil of ignorance. Contractors don't know to what generation they belong. This approach is flawed and will not result in the just savings principle Rawls hopes to justify. The project of grounding intergenerational duties on a social contractarian foundation is misconceived. Non-overlapping generations do not stand in relation to one another that is central to the contractarian approach.
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  • Business, Ethics, and Global Climate Change.Denis G. Arnold & Keith Bustos - 2005 - Business and Professional Ethics Journal 24 (1):103-130.
    After providing a brief history of global climate change, we consider and reject the influential position that free markets and responsive democracies relieve corporations of obligations to protect the environment. Five main objections to the free market view are presented, focusing in particular on the roles of business organizations in the transportation and electricity generation sectors. Ethically grounded management and public policy recommendations are offered.
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  • The Firm as a “Community of Persons”: A Pillar of Humanistic Business Ethos.Domènec Melé - 2012 - Journal of Business Ethics 106 (1):89-101.
    The article starts by arguing that seeing the firm as a mere nexus of contracts or as an abstract entity where different stakeholder interests concur is insufficient for a “humanistic business ethos”, which entails a complete view of the human being. It seems more appropriate to understand the firm as a human community, a concept which can be found in several sources, including managerial literature, business ethics scholars, and Catholic Social Teaching. In addition, there are also philosophical grounds that support (...)
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  • Children’s Labor Market Involvement, Household Work, and Welfare: A Brazilian Case Study.J. Lawrence French - 2010 - Journal of Business Ethics 92 (1):63-78.
    The large numbers of children working in developing countries continue to provoke calls for an end to such employment. However, many reformers argue that efforts should focus on ending the exploitation of children rather than depriving them of all opportunities to work. This posture reflects recognition of the multiplicity of needs children have and the diversity of situations in which they work. Unfortunately, research typically neglects these complexities and fails to distinguish between types of labor market jobs, dismisses household chores (...)
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  • Justice and the Environment: Conceptions of Environmental Sustainability and Dimensions of Social Justice.Andrew Dobson - 2002 - Environmental Values 11 (1):120-123.
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  • Value-Enhancing Capabilities of CSR: A Brief Review of Contemporary Literature.Mahfuja Malik - 2015 - Journal of Business Ethics 127 (2):419-438.
    This study reviews and synthesizes the contemporary business literature that focuses on the role of corporate social responsibility to enhance firm value. The main objective of this review is to proffer a precise understanding of what has already been investigated and the findings of those investigations regarding the value-enhancing capabilities of CSR for public firms. In addition, this review identifies gaps in the existing literature, evaluates inconsistent findings, discusses possible data sources for empirical researchers, and provides direction for exploring other (...)
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  • (1 other version)Ties that Unwind: Dynamism in Integrative Social Contracts Theory1.Robert A. Phillips & Michael E. Johnson-Cramer - 2006 - Journal of Business Ethics 68 (3):283-302.
    Social contract theory offers a powerful method and metaphor for the study of organizational ethics. This paper considers the variant of the social contract that has arguably gained the most attention among business ethicists: integrative social contracts theory or ISCT [Donaldson and Dunfee: 1999, Ties That Bind (Harvard Business School Press, Boston)]. A core precept of ISCT – that consent to membership in an organization entails obligations to follow the norms of that organization, subject to the moral minimums of basic (...)
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  • Business and Children: Mapping Impacts, Managing Responsibilities.Andrew Crane & Bahar Ali Kazmi - 2010 - Journal of Business Ethics 91 (4):567-586.
    In recent years, issues of childhood obesity, unsafe toys, and child labor have raised the question of corporate responsibilities to children. However, business impacts on children are complex, multi-faceted, and frequently overlooked by senior managers. This article reports on a systematic analysis of the reputational landscape constructed by the media, corporations, and non-government organizations around business responsibilities to children. A content analysis methodology is applied to a sample of more than 350 relevant accounts during a 5-year period. We identify seven (...)
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  • Enriching Intergenerational Decision-Making with Guided Visualization Exercises.Jordi Honey-Rosés, Marc Le Menestrel, Daniel Arenas, Felix Rauschmayer & Julian Rode - 2014 - Journal of Business Ethics 122 (4):675-680.
    Seriously engaging with the needs, hardships, and aspirations of future generations is an emotional experience as much as an intellectual endeavor. In this essay we describe a guided visualization exercise used to overcome the emotional barriers that often prevent us from dealing effectively with intergenerational decisions. The meditation and dreaming technique was applied to a diverse group of researchers who engaged in a visualized encounter with future generations. Following the exercise, we concluded that a serious analysis of intergenerational conflict requires (...)
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  • Morally privileged relationships.Thomas Donaldson - 1990 - Journal of Value Inquiry 24 (1):1-15.
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  • (1 other version)Ties that Unwind: Dynamism in Integrative Social Contracts Theory1.Robert A. Phillips & Michael E. Johnson-Cramer - 2006 - Journal of Business Ethics 68 (3):283-302.
    Social contract theory offers a powerful method and metaphor for the study of organizational ethics. This paper considers the variant of the social contract that has arguably gained the most attention among business ethicists: integrative social contracts theory or ISCT [Donaldson and Dunfee: 1999, Ties That Bind (Harvard Business School Press, Boston)]. A core precept of ISCT - that consent to membership in an organization entails obligations to follow the norms of that organization, subject to the moral minimums of basic (...)
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  • From CSR to Corporate Citizenship: Anglo-American and Continental European Perspectives.Alejo José G. Sison - 2009 - Journal of Business Ethics 89 (S3):235 - 246.
    Beginning with the question of who constitutes the firm, this article seeks to explore the historical evolution of concepts such as corporate social responsibility, corporate accountability, corporate social responsiveness, corporate social performance, stakeholder theory, and corporate citizenship. In close parallel to these changes are differences in interpretation from Anglo—American and Continental European perspectives. The author defends that the ultimate reasons behind these differences are of a philosophical nature, affecting both the anthropology and the political theory dominant in each of these (...)
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  • What do we owe the next generation(s)?Axel Gosseries - 2001 - Loyola of Los Angeles Law Review 35 (1):293-354.
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  • (1 other version)Reciprocity.Lawrence C. Becker - 1986 - Ethics 98 (2):379-389.
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  • Guest Editorial: Corporate Social Responsibility in Controversial Industry Sectors. [REVIEW]Adam Lindgreen, François Maon, Jon Reast & Mirella Yani-De-Soriano - 2012 - Journal of Business Ethics 110 (4):393-395.
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  • The Corporation as Community A Reply to Ed Hartman.Robert C. Solomon - 1994 - Business Ethics Quarterly 4 (3):271-285.
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