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  1. The influence of subliminal stimuli upon verbal behavior.L. E. Baker - 1937 - Journal of Experimental Psychology 20 (1):84.
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  • Semantic activation without conscious identification in dichotic listening, parafoveal vision, and visual masking: A survey and appraisal.Daniel Holender - 1986 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 9 (1):1-23.
    When the stored representation of the meaning of a stimulus is accessed through the processing of a sensory input it is maintained in an activated state for a certain amount of time that allows for further processing. This semantic activation is generally accompanied by conscious identification, which can be demonstrated by the ability of a person to perform discriminations on the basis of the meaning of the stimulus. The idea that a sensory input can give rise to semantic activation without (...)
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  • Conscious and unconscious perception: Experiments on visual masking and word recognition.Anthony J. Marcel - 1983 - Cognitive Psychology 15:197-237.
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  • Laboratory studies of behavior without awareness.J. K. Adams - 1957 - Psychological Bulletin 54:383-405.
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  • Conscious and unconscious emotional learning in the human amygdala.J. S. Morris, A. Ohman & Raymond J. Dolan - 1998 - Nature 393:467-470.
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  • The Mediation of Intentional Judgments by Unconscious Perceptions: The Influences of Task Strategy, Task Preference, Word Meaning, and Motivation.Michael Snodgrass, Howard Shevrin & Michael Kopka - 1993 - Consciousness and Cognition 2 (3):169-193.
    In two experiments subjects attempted to identify words presented below the objective threshold using two task strategies emphasizing either allowing a word to pop into their heads or looking carefully at the stimulus field . Words were selected to represent both meaningful and structural dimensions. We also asked subjects to indicate their strategy preference and to rate their motivation to perform well. In the absence of conscious perception, both strategy preference and word meaning interacted with strategy condition, mediating the accuracy (...)
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  • Parallels between perception without attention and perception without awareness.Philip M. Merikle & Steve Joordens - 1997 - Consciousness and Cognition 6 (2-3):219-36.
    Do studies of perception without awareness and studies of perception without attention address a similar underlying concept of awareness? To answer this question, we compared qualitative differences in performance across variations in stimulus quality with qualitative differences in performance across variations in the direction of attention . The qualitative differences were based on three different phenomena: Stroop priming, false recognition, and exclusion failure. In all cases, variations in stimulus quality and variations in the direction of attention led to parallel findings. (...)
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  • Selective Attention.William A. Johnston & Veronica J. Dark - 1986 - Annu. Rev. Psychol 37:43-75.
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  • Perception without awareness: Critical issues.Philip M. Merikle - 1992 - American Psychologist 47:792-5.
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  • Conscious vs. unconscious perception.Philip M. Merikle & M. Daneman - 2000 - In Michael S. Gazzaniga (ed.), The New Cognitive Neurosciences: 2nd Edition. MIT Press.
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  • Measuring the relative magnitude of unconscious influences.Philip M. Merikle, Steve Joordens & Jennifer A. Stolz - 1995 - Consciousness and Cognition 4 (4):422-39.
    As an alternative to establishing awareness thresholds, stimulus contexts in which there were either greater conscious or greater unconscious influences were defined on the basis of performance on an exclusion task. Target words were presented for brief durations and each target word was followed immediately by its three-letter stem. Subjects were instructed to complete each stem with any word other than the target word. With this task, failures to exclude target words indicate greater unconscious influences, whereas successful exclusion indicates greater (...)
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  • Studies from the psychological laboratory of the University of California. II. The effect of imperceptible shadows on the judgment of distance. [REVIEW]Knight Dunlap - 1900 - Psychological Review 7 (5):435-453.
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  • On the inter-relatedness of theory and measurement in the study of unconscious processes.Eyal M. Reingold & Philip M. Merikle - 1990 - Mind and Language 5 (1):9-28.
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  • Toward a definition of awareness.Philip M. Merikle - 1984 - Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society 22 (5):449-50.
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  • Unconscious perception: Attention, awareness, and control.J. A. Debner & Larry L. Jacoby - 1994 - Journal of Experimental Psychology 20:304-17.
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  • Semantic priming without awareness: Some methodological considerations and implications.S. M. Kemp-Wheeler & A. B. Hill - 1988 - Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 40.
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  • Discrimination and learning without awareness: A metholodological survey and evaluation.Charles W. Eriksen - 1960 - Psychological Review 67 (5):279-300.
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  • Orienting attention without awareness.P. A. McCormick - 1997 - Journal of Experimental Psychology 23:168-180.
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  • Distinguishing conscious from unconscious perceptual processes.J. Cheesman & Philip M. Merikle - 1986 - Canadian Journal of Psychology 40:343-67.
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  • Attentional mechanisms and conscious experience.Michael I. Posner & M. K. Rothbart - 1991 - In A. David Milner & M. D. Rugg (eds.), The Neuropsychology of Consciousness. Academic Press.
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  • Automatically elicited fear: Conditioned skin conductance responses to masked facial expressions.Francisco Esteves, Ulf Dimberg & Arne öhman - 1994 - Cognition and Emotion 8 (5):393-413.
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  • Lexical access with and without awareness.C. A. Fowler, G. Woldford, R. Slade & L. Tassinary - 1981 - Journal of Experimental Psychology 110:341-62.
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