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  1. Consciousness and Criterion: On Block's Case for Unconscious Seeing.Ian Phillips - 2015 - Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 93 (2):419-451.
    Block () highlights two experimental studies of neglect patients which, he contends, provide ‘dramatic evidence’ for unconscious seeing. In Block's hands this is the highly non-trivial thesis that seeing of the same fundamental kind as ordinary conscious seeing can occur outside of phenomenal consciousness. Block's case for it provides an excellent opportunity to consider a large body of research on clinical syndromes widely held to evidence unconscious perception. I begin by considering in detail the two studies of neglect to which (...)
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  • Forty-five years after Broadbent (1958): Still no identification without attention.Joel Lachter, Kenneth I. Forster & Eric Ruthruff - 2004 - Psychological Review 111 (4):880-913.
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  • Reward learning and negative emotion during rapid attentional competition.Takemasa Yokoyama, Srikanth Padmala & Luiz Pessoa - 2015 - Frontiers in Psychology 6.
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  • (1 other version)Implicit learning and tacit knowledge.Arthur S. Reber - 1989 - Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 118 (3):219-235.
    I examine the phenomenon of implicit learning, the process by which knowledge about the rule-governed complexities of the stimulus environment is acquired independently of conscious attempts to do so. Our research with the two seemingly disparate experimental paradigms of synthetic grammar learning and probability learning, is reviewed and integrated with other approaches to the general problem of unconscious cognition. The conclusions reached are as follows: Implicit learning produces a tacit knowledge base that is abstract and representative of the structure of (...)
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  • Lost in dissociation: The main paradigms in unconscious cognition.Luis M. Augusto - 2016 - Consciousness and Cognition 42:293-310.
    Contemporary studies in unconscious cognition are essentially founded on dissociation, i.e., on how it dissociates with respect to conscious mental processes and representations. This is claimed to be in so many and diverse ways that one is often lost in dissociation. In order to reduce this state of confusion we here carry out two major tasks: based on the central distinction between cognitive processes and representations, we identify and isolate the main dissociation paradigms; we then critically analyze their key tenets (...)
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  • Identifying words that emerge into consciousness: Effects of word valence and unconscious previewing.Simone C. Prioli & Todd A. Kahan - 2015 - Consciousness and Cognition 35:88-97.
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  • Working Definitions of "Non-Conscious":Commentary on Baars on Contrastive Analysis.Greg Davis - 1994 - PSYCHE: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Research On Consciousness 1.
    Baars contends that we must ask answerable questions about consciousness, and that to do so will require definitions of consciousness that permit "contrastive analysis". I endorse this general approach, but find several of Baars claims of processing without consciousness, unconvincing. I show that a more cautious definition of "non-conscious" than Baars' need not impede experimentation and is more likely to enjoy universal agreement.
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  • Unconscious vision and executive control: How unconscious processing and conscious action control interact.Ulrich Ansorge, Wilfried Kunde & Markus Kiefer - 2014 - Consciousness and Cognition 27:268-287.
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  • The construction of Subjective Experience: Memory Attributions.Colleen M. Kelley & Larry L. Jacoby - 1990 - Mind and Language 5 (1):49-68.
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  • Affective and cognitive reactions to subliminal flicker from fluorescent lighting.Igor Knez - 2014 - Consciousness and Cognition 26:97-104.
    This study renews the classical concept of subliminal perception by investigating the impact of subliminal flicker from fluorescent lighting on affect and cognitive performance. It was predicted that low compared to high frequency lighting would evoke larger changes in affective states and also impair cognitive performance. Subjects reported high rather than low frequency lighting to be more pleasant, which, in turn, enhanced their problem solving performance. This suggests that sensory processing can take place outside of conscious awareness resulting in conscious (...)
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  • Is learning during anaesthesia implicit?Jackie Andrade - 1994 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 17 (3):395-396.
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  • (1 other version)Characteristics of dissociable human learning systems.David R. Shanks & Mark F. St John - 1994 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 17 (3):367-395.
    A number of ways of taxonomizing human learning have been proposed. We examine the evidence for one such proposal, namely, that there exist independent explicit and implicit learning systems. This combines two further distinctions, between learning that takes place with versus without concurrent awareness, and between learning that involves the encoding of instances versus the induction of abstract rules or hypotheses. Implicit learning is assumed to involve unconscious rule learning. We examine the evidence for implicit learning derived from subliminal learning, (...)
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  • Whither learning, whither memory?Michael A. Stadler & Peter A. Frensch - 1994 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 17 (3):423-424.
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  • (1 other version)The primacy of conscious decision making.David R. Shanks & Ben R. Newell - 2014 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 37 (1):45-61.
    The target article sought to question the common belief that our decisions are often biased by unconscious influences. While many commentators offer additional support for this perspective, others question our theoretical assumptions, empirical evaluations, and methodological criteria. We rebut in particular the starting assumption that all decision making is unconscious, and that the onus should be on researchers to prove conscious influences. Further evidence is evaluated in relation to the core topics we reviewed (multiple-cue judgment, deliberation without attention, and decisions (...)
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  • The relationship between the objective identification threshold and priming effects does not provide a definitive boundary between conscious and unconscious perceptual processes.Gary D. Fisk & Steven J. Haase - 2011 - Consciousness and Cognition 20 (4):1221-1231.
    The Objective Threshold/Strategic Model proposes that strong, qualitative inferences of unconscious perception can be made if the relationship between perceptual sensitivity and stimulus visibility is nonlinear and nonmonotonic. The model proposes a nadir in priming effects at the objective identification threshold . These predictions were tested with masked semantic priming and repetition priming of a lexical decision task. The visibility of the prime stimuli was systematically varied above and below the objective identification threshold. The obtained relationship between prime visibility and (...)
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  • A step too far?Dianne C. Berry - 1994 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 17 (3):397-398.
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  • The role of attention in auditory information processing as revealed by event-related potentials and other brain measures of cognitive function.Risto Näätänen - 1990 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 13 (2):201-233.
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  • Epi-arguments for epiphenomenalism.Bruce Mangan - 1991 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 14 (4):689-690.
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  • Epiphenomenalism and the reduction of experience.Valerie Gray Hardcastle - 1991 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 14 (4):680-680.
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  • Understanding awareness at the neuronal level.Christof Koch & Francis Crick - 1991 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 14 (4):683-685.
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  • Evidence against epiphenomenalism.Ned Block - 1991 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 14 (4):670-672.
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  • Consciousness and content in learning: Missing or misconceived?Richard A. Carlson - 1991 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 14 (4):673-674.
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  • Experiential facts?Andy Clark - 1992 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 15 (2):207-208.
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  • Escape from the Cartesian Theater.Daniel C. Dennett & Marcel Kinsbourne - 1992 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 15 (2):234-247.
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  • Mental representation: Always delayed but not always ephemeral.Roger N. Shepard - 1992 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 15 (2):223-224.
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  • Time for more alternatives.Robert Van Gulick - 1992 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 15 (2):228-229.
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  • The psychoanatomy of consciousness: Neural integration occurs in single cells.Gerald S. Wasserman - 1992 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 15 (2):232-233.
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  • What is consciousness for, anyway?Bruce Bridgeman - 1992 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 15 (2):206-207.
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  • Conscious mental episodes and skill acquisition.Richard A. Carlson - 1990 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 13 (4):599-599.
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  • Somebody flew over Searle's ontological prison.Massimo Piattelli-Palmarini - 1990 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 13 (4):618-619.
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  • Unconscious mental states do have an aspectual shape.Howard Shevrin - 1990 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 13 (4):624-625.
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  • Consciousness, historical inversion, and cognitive science.Andrew W. Young - 1990 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 13 (4):630-631.
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  • Consciousness and accessibility.Ned Block - 1990 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 13 (4):596-598.
    This is my first publication of the distinction between phenomenal consciousness and access consciousness, though not using quite those terms. It ends with this: "The upshot is this: If Searle is using the access sense of "consciousness," his argument doesn't get to first base. If, as is more likely, he intends the what-it-is-like sense, his argument depends on assumptions about issues that the cognitivist is bound to regard as deeply unsettled empirical questions." Searle replies: "He refers to what he calls (...)
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  • Semantic activation without conscious identification: Can progress be made?Daniel Holender - 1987 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 10 (4):768.
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  • Motor memory – a memory of the future.David H. Ingvar - 1994 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 17 (2):210-211.
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  • Are motor images based on kinestheticvisual matching?Robert W. Mitchell - 1994 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 17 (2):214-215.
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  • Representations of movement and representations in movement.Giuseppe Pellizzer & Apostolos P. Georgopoulos - 1994 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 17 (2):216-217.
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  • Motor images are action plans.Wolfgang Prinz - 1994 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 17 (2):218-218.
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  • Do object affordances represent the functionality of an object?Ruzena Bajcsy - 1994 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 17 (2):202-202.
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  • Cognitive and motor implications of mental imagery.Romeo Chua & Daniel J. Weeks - 1994 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 17 (2):203-204.
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  • “Multiple Drafts” of subjective experience viewed within a microgenetic framework for cognition and consciousness.Joseph Glicksohn - 1995 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 18 (4):807-808.
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  • Consciousness and timing.David Salter - 1995 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 18 (4):808-810.
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  • Consciousness is not a natural kind.J. van Brakel - 1995 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 18 (2):269-270.
    Blocks distinction between “phenomenal feel” consciousness and “thought/cognition” consciousness is a cultural construction. Consciousness (and its “subspecies”) is not a natural kind. Some crosscultural data are presented to support this.
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  • Is consciousness of perception really separable from perception?Martha J. Farah - 1995 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 18 (2):254-255.
    Although not the main point of his target article, Block defends the view that perception and awareness of perception could be functions of different brain systems. I will argue that the available data do not support this view, and that Block's defense of the view rests on problematic eonstruals of the “executive system” and of the components of information-processing models.
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  • Connectionist Models of Emotional Distress and Attentional Bias.Gerald Matthews Trevor A. Harley - 1996 - Cognition and Emotion 10 (6):561-600.
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  • Guess what? Implicit motivation boosts the influence of subliminal information on choice.Maxim Milyavsky, Ran R. Hassin & Yaacov Schul - 2012 - Consciousness and Cognition 21 (3):1232-1241.
    When is choice affected by subliminal messages? This question has fascinated scientists and lay people alike, but it is only recently that reliable empirical data began to emerge. In the current paper we bridge the literature on implicit motivation and that on subliminal persuasion. We suggest that motivation in general, and implicit motivation more specifically, plays an important role in subliminal persuasion: It sensitizes us to subliminal cues. To examine this hypothesis we developed a new paradigm that allows powerful tests (...)
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  • Brain mechanisms of conscious experience and voluntary action.Herbert H. Jasper - 1985 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 8 (4):543-543.
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  • Mind before matter?Geoffrey Underwood & Pekka Niemi - 1985 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 8 (4):554-555.
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  • Conscious wants and self-awareness.Robert Van Gulick - 1985 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 8 (4):555-556.
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  • Long-Term Semantic Memory Versus Contextual Memory in Unconscious Number Processing.S. Dehaene, A. G. Greenwald, R. L. Abrams & L. Naccache - 2003 - Journal of Experimental Psychology 29 (2):235-247.
    Subjects classified visible 2-digit numbers as larger or smaller than 55. Target numbers were preceded by masked 2-digit primes that were either congruent (same relation to 55) or incongruent. Experiments 1 and 2 showed prime congruency effects for stimuli never included in the set of classified visible targets, indicating subliminal priming based on long-term semantic memory. Experiments 2 and 3 went further to demonstrate paradoxical unconscious priming effects resulting from task context. For example, after repeated practice classifying 73 as larger (...)
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