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  1. Improving Organ Retrieval Rates: Various Proposals and Their Ethical Validity. [REVIEW]Eike-Henner W. Kluge - 2000 - Health Care Analysis 8 (3):279-295.
    The current global shortage of organs has prompted aseries of proposals for improving organ retrievalrates. They include preferred recipient status forregistered organ donors, payment for organs, presumedconsent and required response. This paper examinesthe tenability of these proposals and points out theirshortcomings. Taking the Canadian situation as anexample, it argues further that the shortage isexacerbated by unethical and essentially illegalretrieval protocols that flout the law of informedconsent. It is suggested that before any redrafting oflaws and regulations is undertaken, these protocolsshould be (...)
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  • Presumed consent or contracting out.C. A. Erin & J. Harris - 1999 - Journal of Medical Ethics 25 (5):365-366.
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  • Living high and letting die: our illusion of innocence.Peter K. Unger - 1996 - New York: Oxford University Press.
    By contributing a few hundred dollars to a charity like UNICEF, a prosperous person can ensure that fewer poor children die, and that more will live reasonably long, worthwhile lives. Even when knowing this, however, most people send nothing, and almost all of the rest send little. What is the moral status of this behavior? To such common cases of letting die, our untutored response is that, while it is not very good, neither is the conduct wrong. What is the (...)
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  • (1 other version)A defense of abortion.Judith Jarvis Thomson - 1971 - Philosophy and Public Affairs 1 (1):47-66.
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  • (2 other versions)Famine, affluence, and morality.Peter Singer - 1972 - Philosophy and Public Affairs 1 (3):229-243.
    As I write this, in November 1971, people are dying in East Bengal from lack of food, shelter, and medical caxc. The suffering and death that are occurring there now axe not inevitable, 1101; unavoidable in any fatalistic sense of the term. Constant poverty, a cyclone, and a civil war have turned at least nine million people into destitute refugees; nevertheless, it is not beyond Lhe capacity of the richer nations to give enough assistance to reduce any further suffering to (...)
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  • Famine, Affluence, and Morality.Peter Singer - 1972 - Oxford University Press USA.
    In 1972, the young philosopher Peter Singer published "Famine, Affluence and Morality," which rapidly became one of the most widely discussed essays in applied ethics. Through this article, Singer presents his view that we have the same moral obligations to those far away as we do to those close to us. He argued that choosing not to send life-saving money to starving people on the other side of the earth is the moral equivalent of neglecting to save drowning children because (...)
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  • Conflict of Interest in the Procurement of Organs from Cadavers Following Withdrawal of Life Support.Byers W. Shaw - 1993 - Kennedy Institute of Ethics Journal 3 (2):179-187.
    The University of Pittsburgh policy for procuring organs from non-heart-beating cadaver donors recognizes the potential for conflicts of interest between caring for a "hopelessly ill" patient who has forgone life-sustaining treatment and caring for a potential organ donor. The policy calls for a separation between those medical personnel who care for the gravely ill patient and those involved with the care of transplant recipients. While such a separation is possible in theory, it is difficult or impossible to attain in practice. (...)
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  • Good samaritanism.John Kleinig - 1976 - Philosophy and Public Affairs 5 (4):382-407.
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  • Presumed consent, autonomy, and organ donation.Michael B. Gill - 2004 - Journal of Medicine and Philosophy 29 (1):37 – 59.
    I argue that a policy of presumed consent for cadaveric organ procurement, which assumes that people do want to donate their organs for transplantation after their death, would be a moral improvement over the current American system, which assumes that people do not want to donate their organs. I address what I take to be the most important objection to presumed consent. The objection is that if we implement presumed consent we will end up removing organs from the bodies of (...)
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  • (2 other versions)Famine, Affluence, and Morality.Peter Singer - 1985 - In Lawrence A. Alexander (ed.), International Ethics: A Philosophy and Public Affairs Reader. Princeton University Press. pp. 247-262.
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  • Is the body a republic?S. Giordano - 2005 - Journal of Medical Ethics 31 (8):470-475.
    The ethics of post-mortem organ retention and use is widely debated in bioethics and law. However, the fundamental ethical issues have often been inadequately treated. According to one argument, dead bodies are no longer “persons”. Given the great benefits dead bodies offer to human kind, they should be automatically treated as public property: when the person dies, the body becomes a public thing . This paper articulates the ethical issues involved in organ and tissue retention and use, both in the (...)
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  • Three duties to rescue: Moral, civil, and criminal. [REVIEW]Arthur Ripstein - 2000 - Law and Philosophy 19 (6):751-779.
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  • A Theory of Strict Liability.Richard A. Epstein - 1983 - Philosophical Review 92 (4):613-617.
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  • Are organs personal property or a societal resource?Robert D. Truog - 2005 - American Journal of Bioethics 5 (4):14 – 16.
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  • Organs for Transplantation The Singapore Experience.Bernard Teo - 1991 - Hastings Center Report 21 (6):10.
    Singapore's Human Organ Transplant Act presumes that competent adults consent to donate their kidneys in the event of a fatal accident, unless they have refused in writing. No family consent is required. What can other countries wishing to implement a presumed‐consent model of organ donation learn from Singapore's experience?
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  • The Duty to Rescue and the Slippery Slope Problem.Patricia Smith - 1990 - Social Theory and Practice 16 (1):19-41.
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  • Guilty Bystanders? On the Legitimacy of Duty to Rescue Statutes.Alison Mcintyre - 1994 - Philosophy and Public Affairs 23 (2):157-191.
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  • An argument against a legal duty to rescue.Lester H. Hunt - 1995 - Journal of Social Philosophy 26 (1):16-38.
    Indeed, to a layperson reading the relevant case law, it almost seems that the courts sometimes try to make this principle seem as shocking as possible. In one decision that is often cited, a unanimous state supreme court held that, not only did an eight year old boy have no right to be rescued by the defendant from having his hand caught in a machine in the defendant's factory, but he (the boy, as a trespasser) would even have been liable (...)
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  • Perfect and Imperfect Duties to Aid.Violetta Igneski - 2006 - Social Theory and Practice 32 (3):439-466.
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  • Why We Must Leave Our Organs to Others.D. Micah Hester - 2006 - American Journal of Bioethics 6 (4):W23-W28.
    Organ procurement presents several ethical concerns (from what constitutes acceptable criteria for death to issues involved in specifically designating to whom an organ can be given), but none is more central than the concern for what are appropriate means for acquiring organs. The following discussion attempts a different perspective on the issue of organ procurement by arguing that, rather than appealing to our charitable consciences or our pocketbooks, relinquishing our organs after death in this day and age is, in fact, (...)
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  • It is immoral to require consent for cadaver organ donation.H. E. Emson - 2003 - Journal of Medical Ethics 29 (3):125-127.
    No one has the right to say what should be done to their body after deathIn my opinion any concept of property in the human body either during life or after death is biologically inaccurate and morally wrong. The body should be regarded as on loan to the individual from the biomass, to which the cadaver will inevitably return. Development of immunosuppressive drugs has resulted in the cadaver becoming a unique and invaluable resource to those who will benefit from organ (...)
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  • The failure to give: Reducing barriers to organ donation.James F. Childress - 2001 - Kennedy Institute of Ethics Journal 11 (1):1-16.
    : Moral frameworks for evaluating non-donation strategies to increase the supply of cadaveric human organs for transplantation and ways to overcome barriers to organ donation are explored. Organ transplantation is a very complex area, because the human body evokes various beliefs, symbols, sentiments, and emotions as well as various rituals and social practices. From a rationalistic standpoint, some policies to increase the supply of transplantable organs may appear to be quite defensible but then turn out to be ineffective and perhaps (...)
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  • Organ Transplants: The Costs of Success.Arthur L. Caplan - 1983 - Hastings Center Report 13 (6):23-32.
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  • An alternative policy for obtaining cadaver organs for transplantation.James L. Muyskens - 1978 - Philosophy and Public Affairs 8 (1):88-99.
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  • (2 other versions)Living High and Letting Die: Our Illusion of Innocence.Peter Unger - 1998 - Noûs 32 (1):138-147.
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  • Bad samaritanism and the causation of harm.Eric Mack - 1980 - Philosophy and Public Affairs 9 (3):230-259.
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