The work described in this report is motivated by the desire to test the expressive possibilities of action language C+. The Causal Calculator (CCalc) is a system that answers queries about action domains described in a fragment of that language. The Zoo World and the Traffic World have been proposed by Erik Sandewall in his Logic Modelling Workshop—an environment for communicating axiomatizations of action domains of nontrivial size. -/- The Zoo World consists of several cages and the exterior, gates between (...) them, and animals of several species, including humans. Actions in this domain include moving within and between cages, opening and closing gates, and mounting and riding animals. The Traffic World includes vehicles moving continuously between road crossings subject to a number of restrictions, such as speed limits and keeping a fixed safety distance away from other vehicles on the road. We show how to represent the two domains in the input language of CCalc, and how to use CCalc to test these representations. (shrink)

Objective: The use of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) in breast cancer is increasing. The management of locally advanced breast cancer differs due to the approach of the center to which the patient applied and the approach of the following physician. From this point of view, we aimed to evaluate the real life data of our region. -/- Methods: The study included 106 patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy in the medical oncology clinic of two different university hospitals. Association between clinicopathological features and (...) pathological complete response (pCR) were analyzed. -/- Results: The pCR rate was higher in patients with negative hormone receptors and this difference was statistically significant (p:0.000). The rate of obtaining pCR increased as the NACT duration increased, and this increase was statistically significant. The mean NACT duration applied to the patients with pCR was 5.48 ± 0.22 months, and the mean NACT duration for those who could not obtain pCR was 5.01 ± 0.1 months (p:0.041). The recurrence rate of patients with pCR was 11.1%, while the recurrence rate of patients who could not obtain pCR was 31.6% (p:0.04). -/- Conclusions: Pathological response to chemotherapy is an important factor in determining prognosis. There appears to be a need for new biomarkers that allow the prediction of pCR and long-term outcomes. (shrink)

Romalı Coğrafyacı Pomponius Mela MS I. yüzyılda yaşamıştır. Pomponius Mela’nın yazmış olduğu De Situ Orbis adlı coğrafya eseri Avrasya eskiçağı için önemli bilgiler içermektedir. Sarmat çağına denk gelen bu dönemde, Sarmat birliği içinde anılan boyların yanında İskit kalıntılarından ve başka topluluklardan da bahsedilmektedir. De Situ Orbis kitabının birinci cildi 19-20. maddeleri içerisinde muhtemelen Türk adının Turcae biçiminde geçtiği belirlenmiştir. Bu halkın sonsuz ormanlar içinde oturduğu ve avlanarak beslendikleri belirtilmiştir. Mela’nın çizmiş olduğu harita içerisinde Kuzeydoğu Asya’dan Kuzeybatı Avrupa’ya uzanan bütün bölgenin (...) İskit bölgesi olduğu görülmektedir. Tarih çağları boyunca İskit kültürünü devam ettirmiş olan Türklerin İskitlerden ayrı düşünülmesinin olanaksız olduğu görülmektedir. Yapmış olduğumuz bu çalışmada Mela’nın yazmış olduğu De Situ Orbis kitabı çevrilmiş ve incelenmiş, özellikle Doğu Avrupa ağırlıklı Avrasya bölgesindeki halkların durumu aydınlatılmaya çalışılmıştır. (shrink)

This article examines the integration of the Gulen Movement into the neoliberal economy. In spite of the Gulen Movement currently undergoes a severe persecution under President Erdogan and charged as FETO (FethullahTerrorist Organization), Gulen’s success story in the economy is of interest for any Islamic movements to emulate. In contrast to those belong to the revivalist Islam that rejects the neo-liberal economy, Gulen does accept the neoliberal economy. He integrates neoliberalism into Islam, and vice versa. Gulenacceptance of the neo-liberal (...) economy, in turn, encouraged his movement to adopt for further neoliberal principles such as human rights, multiculturalism, cosmopolitanism, etc. Since Gulen willingly immerses in the neo-liberalist system, he could be categorized into a progressive Islam. Nevertheless, Galen shows his critical attitude toward the capitalist economy despite his acceptance of the system. This article argues that Gulen’s adoption of the neo-liberal economy is a method of da’wah. This article calls it as ‘da’wah in the economic field’.As it is the case, Gulen’s adoption of neo-liberal economics does not appear simultaneously once, rather through gradual processes in which it goes through three stages of his da’wah: individual transformation, social transformation, and the state. (shrink)