Apa hubungan antara demokrasi dan populisme? apakah keduanya berbeda makna secara ekstrim, atau keduanya merupakan konsep yang beririsan. Populisme tidak jarang dipahami pejoratif dan disamakan dengan politik identitas. Artikel ini mencoba mengulas konsepsi dan definisi populisme dan relasinya dengan demokrasi kontemporer.

Human sociality can be understood as an organism. Almost all aspects of life can be understood in a phenomenological sense as part of a life system. An appropriate perspective for considering life and interpreting social reality is extremely important in determining direction and orientation for mankind. The aim of this paper is to describe a new methodological point of view discover the natureof social reality in the study culture in Indonesia. In taking a perspective from philosophy, this research endeavors to (...) provide a new perspective in the study of local wisdom in Indonesia. This paper presents a philosophical view on approaching the study of local wisdom (kearifanlokal): first, human social systems are systems of self-reference; second, human sociality is actualized in social systems that are contingent. Local wisdom can be viewed as a social and communicative system that produces a kind of self-organization (autopoesis) within a culture. (shrink)

This article addresses the sensitive topic of human rights issues in Indonesia through a Kantian analysis. Cases of human rights violations are a common occurrence in Indonesia. Presently, human rights violations in the country are assessed from historical and legal perspectives. However, there is little commitment or willingness on the part of the Indonesian government to protect and defend the principles of human rights. This article is attempts to utilize arguments from political philosophy that can contextualize the protection and implementation (...) of human rights in Indonesia, through an analysis of the concept of social contract in Immanuel Kant’s political philosophy. According to Kant, freedom and equality are natural rights. This article demonstrates that Kant's social contract theory is linear with his formal moral philosophy. In his explanation, ‘contract’ is unified will. Therefore, the Indonesian state with its power is responsible to implement the will of the public to ensure order and rule of law and to protect the rights and freedom of each individual. (shrink)

Deskripsi pemikiran Adorno terhadap fenomena ekonomi memberi isyarat bahwa neoliberalisme bisa dibongkar. Neoliberalisme mempresentasikan diri dalam wujud rasional. Neoliberalisme sangat meyakinkan dan tampak alamiah berdasarkan klaim bahwa pasar dapat mengatur diri (self-regulating market). Klaim tersebut membuat neoliberalisme dalam perkembangannya dianggap sebagai koordinasi masyarakatyang memiliki rasionalitas. Bagi Adorno sejarah tentang sesuatu yang alamiah selalu berdasarkan pada mitos. Kapitalisme menurutnya adalah fakta sosial yang tidak natural. Penulis berkesimpulan bahwa neoliberalisme adalah fenomena yang tidak natural. Kapitalisme dan neoliberalisme hanya tampak alamiah. Mitoslah yang (...) membentuk kepercayaan bahwa sesuatu alamiah dan merupakan pokok dari sejarah. Adorno menolak pandangan tersebut dengan menyatakan bahwa sejarah mesti dimengerti secara kritis sebagai kemampuan manusia untuk mengonstitusikan bentuk sosial yang baru dalam relasinya dengan alam itu sendiri. Bagian berikutnya dari artikel ini membahas bagaimana neoliberalisme bekerja lewat distorsi komunikasi dalam sendi-sendi kehidupan sosial ekonomi, budaya dan politik. Demokrasi mengalami erosi pada substansinya. Rakyat kehilangan kemampuannya untuk berkomunikasi mengorganisir kehidupan bersamanya. Rakyat secara umum cenderung ikut terseret dalam arus neoliberalisasi. Kesadaran kritis melemah dan terdapat potensi hilangnya kedaulatan rakyat atas politik dan ekonomi. (shrink)

As a national ideology, Pancasila has formal quality, but it is also part of the material aspects that shapes perspectives that drives national policies through the process of consensus. The open and ambiguous character of Pancasila allows a wide space for social and political interpretation, and therefore is open to critique and reformation through reinterpretations of its meaning. An examination of the ethics of the socio-political application of Pancasila is crucial in the current national climate, and these ethical valuations are (...) formed through public discussions and debates on the meaning of Pancasila. Using data drawn from mass media. In this paper, I will examine the Government Regulation on Law (Perppu No. 2/2017) as an example of how these political ethics develop through the discussion of the meaning of Pancasila. Second, I'll highlight how the space for interpretation of the meaning of Pancasila determines how the public, government and oppositional coalitions evaluate the pro and contra approaches to translating the ideology into practice. Third, in examining the process of socio-political consensus as a necessity in the democratic life of Indonesia, this paper will position the discursive deployments of Pancasila in the ethical and political considerations that stem from the practical application of these discourses of Pancasila. (shrink)