Nanowires ( SiNWs) have high mobility and surface-to-volume ratio, which makes them easy to control using a weak electric field. These one-dimensional nanostructures are created from nanowires with a diameter in the range of nanometers and a length of more than a micrometer. It has been done in the manufacture of nanowires through regular one-dimensional arrays with the help of different physical and chemical methods. Methods such as the use of electron beam or lithography method, heavy ion irradiation, laser, chemical (...) and electrochemical methods such as water heat and spontaneous assembly methods used to make the membranes of molds can also be used . In making one-dimensional nanostructures such as Oligophenylene vanillin nanowires The electro-accumulation method consists of three general steps: firstly, the creation of a porous template as a suitable substrate and framework for the accumulation of nanowires, secondly, the growth of nanowires along the cavities of the template, and thirdly, removing the template and separating the nanowires from it. The nanowires are directly dependent on the characteristics of the mold surface such as the size distribution of the holes, the density of the holes and the superiority of the surface of the nano-holes. In order to control the properties of Oligophenylene vanillin nanowires, parameters that are effective in the formation and optimization of the diameter of the holes and the thickness of the mold should be considered. (shrink)

Graphene nanomemories have been developed molecularly, providing excellent programmable nanoscale memory performance compared to previous graphene memory devices and a memory window. Large (12V), fast switching speed (1 microsecond), shows strong electrical reliability. Graphene molecular nanomemories show unique electronic properties, and their small dimensions, structural strength, and high performance make them a charge storage medium for Nano memory applications. We use a set of techniques involving a solution of nanoparticles, which creates a very thin layer on the target substrate and (...) is used as a sacrificial layer during the nanopatterning process. (shrink)

The use of AFM for scanning probe lithography also suffers from power-related problems, but it is better suited than STM for this task due to the less stringent requirements of the technique: no very high vacuum conditions. , conductive surface or very good tip-to-sample distance control is required. Scanning probe nanolithography based on AFM can be performed through different mechanisms and offers a wide range of possibilities . Therefore, the AFM tip can produce localized changes in the composition, height, (...) or physical/chemical properties of surfaces through thermal effects, mechanical effects, deposition, chemical effects, etc. The principle of this technique for making electronic nano devices has been drawn and the example of making Si nanowires based on the oxidation of nanolithography probe Scanning is done. A derived technique that has become very popular is dip-pen nanolithography, in which the tip deposits specific inks with excellent clarity at desired locations. -/- . (shrink)

Signal measurement Electrochemical methods are very suitable for detecting direct DNA oxidation because electrochemical reactions directly generate electronic signals and therefore do not require expensive converters. In addition, in this process, because the order of the immobilized game can be limited to onlya series of electrode substrates, the act of tracking is performed by a series of in expensive electrochemical analyzes. Electrochemical sensors are used to perform clinical or environmental tests; The basis of the sensitivity of electrochemical signals to direct (...) oxidation orinterval catalysis of DNA is also based on the reduction reactions of reporter molecules or enzymes. (shrink)

Note: In general, in order to receive the electromagnetic wave in the space, the dimensions of the antenna must be in the order of the wavelength of the input to its surface. Due to the very small dimensions of nano sensors, nano antennas need to have a very high working frequency to be usable. -/- The use of graphene helps to solve this problem to a great extent. The speed of propagation of waves in CNTs and GNRs can be 100 (...) times lower than its speed in vacuum, and this is related to the physical structure, temperature and energy. Based on this, the resonance frequency of graphene-based nano-antennas can be two orders of magnitude lower than nano-antennas based on nano-carbon materials. It has been mathematically and theoretically proven that a quasi-metallic carbon nanotube can emit terahertz radiation when a time-varying voltage is applied to its sides. One of the most important parameters of any nano antenna is the current distribution on it. This characteristic determines the radiation pattern, radiation resistance and reactance and many important characteristics of the antenna. Despite the possibilities of making nanotubes with a length of several centimeters, it is possible to make electrical conductors with a length-to-width ratio of the order of 10^7. has it. At first glance, nanotube antennas give us the impression that they are similar to Dipole antennas designed in small dimensions. (shrink)

based on organic materials can be mechanically exible to a large extent because of the loose intermolecular bonds in the nano-electrons created from them. Unlike these organic materials, minerals such as silicon, germanium, and gallium arsenide can be used in the structure of electronic devices only in crystalline states, and in this case, covalent bonds make exibility impossible in them. Makes. Properties such as strength, exibility, electrical conductivity, magnetic properties, color, reactivity, etc. Starting to change the properties of the material (...) by shrinking it depends more than anything on the type of material and the desired property. For example, by reducing the dimensions of a material, generally some mechanical properties of the material such as strength are improved. This increase in strength does not happen only in the range of a few nanometers, and the strength of materials of several tens and even hundreds of nanometers may be much higher than the large-scale mass material. On the other hand, the change of some properties such as color and magnetic properties may occur in dimensions of only a few nanometers. (shrink)