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  1. Matter and Spirit as Natural Symbols in eighteenth-century British natural philosophy.C. B. Wilde - 1982 - British Journal for the History of Science 15 (2):99-131.
    During the course of the eighteenth century important changes occurred in the conception of matter held by British natural philosophers. Historians of science have described these changes in different ways, but certain common features can be abstracted from the more recent accounts. First, there was a movement away from Newtonian matter theory, which saw all matter as the various organizations of homogeneous particles and the forces of attraction and repulsion acting between them. In place of this theory increasing favour was (...)
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  • Polyhedra and the Abominations of Leviticus.David Bloor - 1978 - British Journal for the History of Science 11 (3):245-272.
    How are social and institutional circumstances linked to the knowledge that scientists produce? To answer this question it is necessary to take risks: speculative but testable theories must be proposed. It will be my aim to explain and then apply one such theory. This will enable me to propose an hypothesis about the connexion between social processes and the style and content of mathematical knowledge.
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  • The Elusory Body and Social Constructionist Theory.Alan Radley - 1995 - Body and Society 1 (2):3-23.
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  • Bodily Dys-Order: Desire, Excess and the Transgression of Corporeal Boundaries.Simon J. Williams - 1998 - Body and Society 4 (2):59-82.
    Taking as its point of departure Leder's phenomenological discussion of the `absent' body, this article explores the nature of human corporeality as a site of transgression. The body, I argue, using a process metaphysic, is first and foremost excessive, driven by human desire rather than animal need: a sensual mode of existence organized around the pleasure/pain axis. To be excessive/transgressive, however, implies the crossing of boundaries or limits which vary according to history and culture, time and place. These issues are (...)
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  • `Mother Wouldn't Like It!'; Housework as Magic.Bernice Martin - 1984 - Theory, Culture and Society 2 (2):19-36.
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  • Cassirer's “Prototype and Model” of Symbolism: Its Sources and Significance.John Michael Krois - 1999 - Science in Context 12 (4):531-547.
    The ArgumentErnst Cassirer's fundamental conception of symbolism (symbolic pregnance) derives from what may be called a bio-medical model of semiotics, not a linguistic one. He employs both models in his philosophy of symbolic forms, but his notion of the “prototype and model of symbolism” was not derived from linguistics. The sources for his conception of symbolism include the ethnographic and anthropological literature he discovered in Aby Warburg's (1866–1929) Hamburg research library, findings of medical research on aphasia and related conditions, particularly (...)
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  • The perception of corruption as social and institutional pressure: A comparative analysis of cultural biases.Davide Torsello - 2013 - Human Affairs 23 (2):160-173.
    This study is an empirical approach to answering the question: are there any universal factors that account for the origin, diffusion and persistence of corruption in human societies? The paper enquires whether the perception of corruption in politics and economics can be tackled as a form of cultural adaptation, driven by exogenous and endogenous forces. These are respectively: freedom of access and management of economic resources, and the pressures towards human grouping. Following the analytical insights of cultural theory, developed by (...)
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  • Witchcraft Beliefs and Witch Hunts.Niek Koning - 2013 - Human Nature 24 (2):158-181.
    This paper proposes an interdisciplinary explanation of the cross-cultural similarities and evolutionary patterns of witchcraft beliefs. It argues that human social dilemmas have led to the evolution of a fear system that is sensitive to signs of deceit and envy. This was adapted in the evolutionary environment of small foraging bands but became overstimulated by the consequences of the Agricultural Revolution, leading to witch paranoia. State formation, civilization, and economic development abated the fear of witches and replaced it in part (...)
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  • Why Darwinians Should Not Be Afraid of Mary Douglas—And Vice Versa.Andreas De Block & Stefaan E. Cuypers - 2012 - Philosophy of the Social Sciences 42 (4):459-488.
    Evolutionary psychology and human sociobiology often reject the mere possibility of symbolic causality. Conversely, theories in which symbolic causality plays a central role tend to be both anti-nativist and anti-evolutionary. This article sketches how these apparent scientific rivals can be reconciled in the study of disgust. First, we argue that there are no good philosophical or evolutionary reasons to assume that symbolic causality is impossible. Then, we examine to what extent symbolic causality can be part of the theoretical toolbox of (...)
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  • The Global Moral Compass for Business Leaders.Lindsay J. Thompson - 2010 - Journal of Business Ethics 93 (S1):15 - 32.
    Globalization, with its undisputed benefits, also presents complex moral challenges that business leaders cannot ignore. Some of this moral complexity is attributable to the scope and nature of specific issues like climate change, intellectual property rights, economic inequity, and human rights. More difficult aspects of moral complexity are the structure and dynamics of human moral judgment and the amplified universe of global stakeholders with competing value claims and value systems whose interests must be considered and often included in the decision-making (...)
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  • Life Stories: Beyond Construction.Ann Eide - 2012 - Journal of Critical Realism 11 (2):139-162.
    This article explores the way in which certain theoretical frameworks and analytical procedures combine to present stories about experience as objects of no depth, confusing this artefact with the phenomenon studied. By pointing out abusive potentials in a constructivist approach, it is argued that critical realism is needed in the field of narrative analysis. The creation of life stories as well as the project of analysing them involve interaction with a material world, and elaboration on it. We meet the Other, (...)
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  • Why Darwinians Should Not Be Afraid of Mary Douglas--And Vice Versa: The Case of Disgust.A. D. Block & S. E. Cuypers - 2012 - Philosophy of the Social Sciences 42 (4):459-488.
    Evolutionary psychology and human sociobiology often reject the mere possibility of symbolic causality. Conversely, theories in which symbolic causality plays a central role tend to be both anti-nativist and anti-evolutionary. This article sketches how these apparent scientific rivals can be reconciled in the study of disgust. First, we argue that there are no good philosophical or evolutionary reasons to assume that symbolic causality is impossible. Then, we examine to what extent symbolic causality can be part of the theoretical toolbox of (...)
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  • The Uses of the Stranger: Circulation, Arbitration, Secrecy, and Dirt.Nedim Karakayali - 2006 - Sociological Theory 24 (4):312 - 330.
    Little attention has been paid to the role of strangers in the social division of labor that is otherwise a key concept in sociological theory. Partly drawing upon Simmel, this article develops a general framework for analyzing the "uses" of "the stranger" throughout history. Four major domains in which strangers have often been employed are identified: (1) circulation (of goods, money, and information); (2) arbitration; (3) management of secret/sacred domains; and (4) "dirty jobs." The article also explores how these activities (...)
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  • Is it 'me' or is it 'mine'? The mycenaean Sword as a body-part.Dr Lambros Malafouris - 2007 - In Cogprints.
    This paper argues that material culture has the ability to change and shape our bodies by transforming and extending the boundaries of our body schema. To explore this argument I concentrate on the relationship between the Mycenaean body and the Mycenaean sword. Focusing on the early Mycenaean period I propose that the centre of consciousness and bodily awareness for the Mycenaean person, and for the warrior in particular, is not some ‘internal’ Cartesian ‘I’, but the tip of the sword. Through (...)
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  • Why ritualized behavior? Precaution systems and action parsing in developmental, pathological and cultural rituals.Pascal Boyer & Pierre Liénard - 2006 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 29 (6):595-613.
    Ritualized behavior, intuitively recognizable by its stereotypy, rigidity, repetition, and apparent lack of rational motivation, is found in a variety of life conditions, customs, and everyday practices: in cultural rituals, whether religious or non-religious; in many children's complicated routines; in the pathology of obsessive-compulsive disorders (OCD); in normal adults around certain stages of the life-cycle, birthing in particular. Combining evidence from evolutionary anthropology, neuropsychology and neuroimaging, we propose an explanation of ritualized behavior in terms of an evolved Precaution System geared (...)
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  • Body connections: Hindu discourses of the body and the study of religion. [REVIEW]Barbara A. Holdrege - 1998 - International Journal of Hindu Studies 2 (3):341-386.
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  • After Durkheim: An agenda for the scoiology of business ethics. [REVIEW]John Hendry - 2001 - Journal of Business Ethics 34 (3-4):209 - 218.
    Over the last twenty years the organization of business activity appears to have shifted from an emphasis on bureaucratic organizations toward an emphasis on market structures. Economic self-interest has acquired a new social legitimacy, and the force of traditional moral authorities has waned. In these circumstances the work of Emile Durkheim on the problematics of business ethics and the impact of a culture of self-interest on the stability of society, work that has hitherto been neglected by the business ethics community, (...)
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  • Expression of affect and illocution.Basil Vassilicos - 2024 - Human Studies 47:1-22.
    In this paper, the aim is to explore how there can be a role for expression of affect in illocution, drawing upon some ideas about expression put forward by Karl Bühler. In a first part of the paper, I map some active discussions and open questions surrounding phenomena that seem to involve “expression of affect”. Second, I home in on a smaller piece of that larger puzzle; namely, a consideration of how there may be non-conventional expression of affect. I provide (...)
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  • The Multidimensional Religious Ideology scale.Wesley J. Wildman, Connor P. Wood, Catherine Caldwell-Harris, Nicholas DiDonato & Aimee Radom - 2021 - Archive for the Psychology of Religion 43 (3):213-252.
    The Multidimensional Religious Ideology (MRI) scale is a new 43-item measure that quantifies conservative versus liberal aspects of religious ideology. The MRI focuses on recurring features of ideology rooted in innate moral instincts while capturing salient differences in the ideological profiles of distinct groups and individuals. The MRI highlights how religious ideology differs from political ideology while maintaining a robust grounding in the social psychology of ideology generally. Featuring three major dimensions (religious beliefs, religious practices, and religious morality) and eight (...)
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  • The ethical challenges of teaching business ethics: ethical sensemaking through the Goffmanian lens.Taran Patel, Rose Bote & Jovana Stanisljevic - 2023 - Journal of Business Ethics 190 (1):23-40.
    Business ethics (BE) professors play a crucial role in sensitizing business students toward their future ethical responsibilities. Yet, there are few papers exploring the ethical challenges these professors themselves face while teaching BE. In this qualitative paper, we rely on the lenses of ethical sensemaking and dramaturgical performance, and draw from 29 semi-structured interview conducted with BE professors from various countries and field notes from 17 h of observation of BE classes. We identify four kinds of rationalities that professors rely (...)
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  • Mary Douglas on Purity and Danger: An Interview.Mike Featherstone & Bryan S. Turner - 2022 - Theory, Culture and Society 39 (7-8):133-158.
    This interview with Mary Douglas took place at Lancaster University in the Religious Studies Department. The main focus of the interview was her recently published book, Purity and Danger, which had already become a classic of British anthropology. The questions and answers ranged mainly over the differences between the physical body, representations of the body, the body as a classificatory system, and social constructivism. Douglas’s early academic years and the influences on her work, such as the role of Roman Catholicism (...)
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  • Notes on Structuralism: Introduction.Sunil Manghani - 2022 - Theory, Culture and Society 39 (7-8):117-131.
    This commentary introduces a section of the journal titled ‘Notes on Structuralism’. It centres around two interviews. The first, from 1987, is with the structural anthropologist Mary Douglas (who speaks on various aspects of her work, including on Purity and Danger). The second is an interview with Roland Barthes, who, speaking in 1965, was at the height of his structuralist phase. The interview focuses upon the structural analysis of narrative and prefigures the well-known volume of Communications on the subject. The (...)
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  • Memorials to murdered women: A study of the dynamics of claiming, marking and making place in publics of commemoration.Margaret Gibson & Kelly Burstow - 2022 - Thesis Eleven 172 (1):66-92.
    This paper examines the emergence and trajectory of a vernacular femicide memorial tree at Mount Gravatt (Meanjin/Brisbane) which is juxtaposed with established and regulated official commemorative placemaking practices in this social geography. The paper explores the implicit rules about marking gender in official publics of commemoration, arguing that they perform or conversely risk a doubling of women’s invisibility through assimilation into symbols and aesthetic conventions of seemingly settled history and settled subjects. They can become barely noticeable for the kinds of (...)
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  • What Role Does Regulation Play in Responsible Innovation of Nanotechnology in Food and Agriculture? Insights and Framings from U.S. Stakeholders.Jennifer Kuzma, Maude Cuchiara, Khara D. Grieger & Ashton W. Merck - 2022 - Bulletin of Science, Technology and Society 42 (3):85-103.
    Historically, market regulation has played an important role in shaping the trajectory of scientific and technological innovation in food and agriculture. However, regulators’ traditional focus on safety and efficacy may be insufficient to address more complex ethical, legal, and social implications of novel products, such as the use of nanotechnology and nanomaterials in food and agriculture. One solution might be to implement the principles of responsible innovation to challenge innovators and policymakers to better anticipate risks further upstream and be responsive (...)
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  • Human rights, belonging and the challenge of difference.Adam B. Seligman - 2021 - Philosophy and Social Criticism 47 (4):426-439.
    This article seeks to challenge the regnant liberal orthodoxy that human rights are the highest and most important of our social virtues. It questions the individualist assumptions of such universa...
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  • Do Not Despair: There Is Life after Constructivism.Wiebe E. Bijker - 1993 - Science, Technology and Human Values 18 (1):113-138.
    This article reviews recent work in socio-historical technology studies. Four problems, frequently mentioned in critical debates, are discussed—relativism, reflexivity, theory, and practice. The main body of the article is devoted to a discussion of the latter two problems. Requirements for a theory on socio-technical change are proposed, and one concrete example of a conceptual framework that meets these requirements is discussed. The second point of the article is to argue that present technology studies are now able to break away from (...)
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  • Biometric Bodies, Or How to Make Electronic Fingerprinting Work in India.Ursula Rao - 2018 - Body and Society 24 (3):68-94.
    The rapid spread of electronic fingerprinting not only creates new regimes of surveillance but compels users to adopt novel ways of performing their bodies to suit the new technology. This ethnography uses two Indian case studies – of a welfare office and a workplace – to unpack the processes by which biometric devices become effective tools for determining identity. While in the popular imaginary biometric technology is often associated with providing disinterested and thus objective evaluation of identity, in practice ‘failures (...)
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  • Accepting the post-colonial challenge: Theorizing a Khaldûnian approach to the Marian apparition at Medjugorje.James V. Spickard - 2013 - Critical Research on Religion 1 (2):158-176.
    This article seeks to expand the sociology of religion’s conceptual toolkit beyond the focus on religious belief and on organizational structures inherited from Western Christianity. After criticizing these origins, I use Ibn Khaldûn’s notion of al ‘assabiyyah or “group-feeling” to analyze the events surrounding the Marian apparitions at Medjugorje, Bosnia, in the 1980s and the later events in the same region during the 1990s Bosnian wars. This concept’s strength is its ability to treat religious and ethnic solidarity as part of (...)
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  • An authentic feeling? Religious experience through Q&A websites.Rosa Scardigno & Giuseppe Mininni - 2020 - Archive for the Psychology of Religion 42 (2):211-231.
    As the “Sacred Place”—meant as the new space for religions offered by the Internet—demands for continuous investigations on the encounter between traditional narratives and social practices, the rapid growth of Question and Answering websites asks for improving social research about the Authenticity of the religious feeling as well as their responsibility in the construction of a shared knowledge. In this background, the aim of this study is to investigate the role of Q&A websites as additional interpretative resources in accordance with (...)
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  • The Gnostic and Hellenistic Backgrounds of Sophia in 1 Corinthians 1-4.Corin Mihăilă - 2019 - Perichoresis 17 (s2):3-14.
    In Paul’s argument against dissensions, Paul is said to have tried to regain his authority before the Corinthians. The first rhetorical unit is thus seen as an apologia. In his argument, he seemingly uses the concept of paterfamilias known to have evoked power and control. However, such a proposal neglects the fact that Paul’s argument is against exactly such type of discourse in which one seeks to elevate one teacher against another. Rather, in the use of the concept of paterfamilias (...)
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  • Trance, Dissociation, and Shamanism: A Cross-Cultural Model.Connor Wood, Saikou Diallo, Ross Gore & Christopher J. Lynch - 2018 - Journal of Cognition and Culture 18 (5):508-536.
    Religious practices centered on controlled trance states, such as Siberian shamanism or North African zar, are ubiquitous, yet their characteristics vary. In particular, cross-cultural research finds that female-dominated spirit possession cults are common in stratified societies, whereas male-dominated shamanism predominates in structurally flatter cultures. Here, we present an agent-based model that explores factors, including social stratification and psychological dissociation, that may partially account for this pattern. We posit that, in more stratified societies, female agents suffer from higher levels of psychosocial (...)
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  • A Conceptual Analysis of Perspective Taking in Support of Socioscientific Reasoning.Sami Kahn & Dana L. Zeidler - 2019 - Science & Education 28 (6-7):605-638.
    Perspective taking is a critical yet tangled construct that is used to describe a range of psychological processes and that is applied interchangeably with related constructs. The resulting ambiguity is particularly vexing in science education, where although perspective taking is recognized as critical to informed citizens’ ability to negotiate scientifically related societal issues, or socioscientific issues via socioscientific reasoning, the precise nature of perspective taking remains elusive. To operationalize perspective taking, a theoretical conceptual analysis was employed and used to position (...)
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  • Cultural Analysis of Corporate Social Action.James E. Mattingly, Harry T. Hall & Craig VanSandt - 2018 - Business and Society Review 123 (4):661-696.
    Previous studies of corporate environmental and social action identify exactly three similar patterns of activity. They provide divergent structural explanations for these patterns, as networks of institutional constraint, and networks of local inter-dependence, respectively. A theory of sociocultural viability, known in anthropology and policy science as Cultural Theory, explains that social systems consist of four patterns of social interaction, shaped by two distinct structural factors. Our own analysis of 45 items of environmental, social, and governance factors reconcile extant studies’ findings (...)
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  • Complexity and possession: Gender and social structure in the variability of shamanic traits.Connor P. Wood & Kate J. Stockly - 2018 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 41.
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  • Evolved Cognition and Cultural Transmission of Honour Concepts.Andreas Nordin - 2013 - Journal of Cognition and Culture 13 (1-2):111-127.
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  • Theatrical and Ritual Boundaries in South Asia: An Introductory Essay.Elisa Ganser - 2017 - In Elisa Ganser & Ewa Debicka-Borek (eds.), Theatrical and Ritual Boundaries in South Asia: Part I. Ksiegarnia Akademicka.
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  • Totally alive: the Wisconsin Uprising and the source of collective effervescence.Matthew Kearney - 2018 - Theory and Society 47 (2):233-254.
    Collective effervescence plays a foundational role in the generation of society. Both the canonical explication of this concept, Émile Durkheim’s Elementary Forms of Religious Life, and current literature on the topic, are unable to distinguish between two plausible causes of effervescence: shared affiliation or collective action. This study reports a case of collective effervescence in which much of the assembled group had no prior affiliation. This finding proves that shared affiliation is not a necessary condition for effervescence, and supplies evidence (...)
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  • The development of a weighting method for use in life cycle assessments of amine based post-combustion carbon capture and storage in the Arctic region.Johnsen Fredrik Moltu - unknown
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  • Internationalization of Cold War systems analysis.Matthias Duller - 2016 - History of the Human Sciences 29 (4-5):172-190.
    This article has a dual purpose. First, it looks at the transfer of the methodology of systems analysis from the RAND Corporation to the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA) in the wake of an East–West bridge-building effort during the Cold War. Second, it draws out a more general argument about how the institutional structures of these research organizations condition their methodological orientations. Acknowledging the complexity of factors influencing methodological choices at RAND and IIASA, the article concentrates on the (...)
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  • The turn of the body: history and the politics of the corporeal.Roger Cooter - 2010 - Arbor 186 (743):393-405.
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  • The Theater of Political Crisis: Conspiracy as a “Matter of Belief”.Andrey Ignatiev - 2015 - Russian Sociological Review 14 (1):44-67.
    The article discusses various “conspiracy theories,” considering them to be a special frame or paradigm of discourse. This frame considers long-term societal and global trends as consequences of a conspiracy aiming to shift power to its initiators. It has been shown that every “conspiracy theory” presupposes a specific marking of social space that can be viewed as an attachment to the “theatre metaphor.” This specific marking of social space does not occur in private by the founder of the method, but (...)
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  • A Transactional Culture Analysis of Corporate Sustainability Reporting Practices.Steve Rayner & Taran Patel - 2015 - Business and Society 54 (3):283-321.
    Corporate sustainability can be defined as organizations’ commitment to profitability, environment, and social well-being. This study uses a transactional culture analysis of CS reporting practices to explain why some Indian organizations conform to voluntary CS reporting guidelines and others do not. The literature contains two different perspectives on culture, defined broadly as a set of values that guide people’s behavior at a given time. Most past studies typically use national culture to explain differences in CS practices across nations. This concept (...)
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  • A Reply To David Bloor.John Worrall - 1979 - British Journal for the History of Science 12 (1):71-81.
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  • Unruly Bodies, Unquiet Minds.Andrew Tudor - 1995 - Body and Society 1 (1):25-41.
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  • Body & Society: An Introduction.Mike Featherstone & Bryan S. Turner - 1995 - Body and Society 1 (1):1-12.
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  • Sacredness, Status and Bodily Violation.Mark A. Schneider - 1996 - Body and Society 2 (4):75-92.
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  • The Symbolizing Body and the Metaphysics of Alternative Medicine.Anne L. Scott - 1998 - Body and Society 4 (3):21-37.
    This article addresses the tension between conceptualizations of the objective body, which are central to biomedicine, and conceptualizations of the expressive body. Within a metaphysics which can be an adequate grounding for the practice of alternative medicine, I argue, the natural body must be fully conceptualized as both object and as expressive. I draw on phenomenology and on actor-network theory to outline a new model of `biosocial nature' which is inherently figurative and which is constructed by a network of human (...)
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  • Of Mammon Clothed Divinely: The Profanization of Sacred Dress.William J. F. Keenan - 1999 - Body and Society 5 (1):73-92.
    This article addresses the cultural commodification of the dress sign of the sacred body from contexts of `God' to its recontextualization within contexts of consumer capitalism or `Mammon'. The concept of religious dress `commodification' is employed heuristically to help make sociological sense of the seepage of dress sacra from religious contexts of origin to secular contexts of use. While other readings of the late modern career of the religious dress `text' are indeed possible, the suggestion here is that it can (...)
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  • Georg Simmel at the Lectern: The Lecture as Embodiment of Text.Janet Stewart - 1999 - Body and Society 5 (4):1-16.
    Recalling a public lecture that Georg Simmel gave in Berlin in 1910, Paul Fechter described him as `philosophizing with his whole body'. This article focuses on the role of the communicative body in the production, reproduction and reception of sociological ideas by investigating the dissemination of Simmel's sociological thought through the medium of the lecture. It utilizes contemporary reports of Simmel's lecturing style as observational data, and his own writings on the `Sociology of the Senses' and the `Aesthetic Importance of (...)
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  • On Knowing and Not Knowing “Life” in Molecular Biology and Xhosa Healing: Ontologies in the Preclinical Trial of a South African Indigenous Medicine (Muthi).Julie Laplante - 2014 - Anthropology of Consciousness 25 (1):1-31.
    Seemingly distant practices of molecular biology and indigenous Xhosa healing have commonalities that I would like to bring into conversation in this article. The preclinical trial of an indigenous medicine brings them together in a research consortium. In this instance, both sets of experts are meant to collaborate in preparing a wild bush for it to pass the tests of the randomized clinical trial (RCT) and to potentially become a biopharmaceutical to counter the tuberculosis pandemic. I aim to tease out (...)
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