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  1. Functional explanation in mathematics.Matthew Inglis & Juan Pablo Mejía Ramos - 2019 - Synthese 198 (26):6369-6392.
    Mathematical explanations are poorly understood. Although mathematicians seem to regularly suggest that some proofs are explanatory whereas others are not, none of the philosophical accounts of what such claims mean has become widely accepted. In this paper we explore Wilkenfeld’s suggestion that explanations are those sorts of things that generate understanding. By considering a basic model of human cognitive architecture, we suggest that existing accounts of mathematical explanation are all derivable consequences of Wilkenfeld’s ‘functional explanation’ proposal. We therefore argue that (...)
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  • Quantifying Interpreting Types: Language Sequence Mirrors Cognitive Load Minimization in Interpreting Tasks.Junying Liang, Qianxi Lv & Yiguang Liu - 2019 - Frontiers in Psychology 10.
    Most interpreting theories claim that different interpreting types should involve varied processing mechanisms and procedures. However, few studies have examined their underlying differences. Even though some previous results based on quantitative approaches show that different interpreting types yield outputs of varying lexical and syntactic features, the grammatical parsing approach is limited. Language sequences that form without relying on parsing or processing with a specific linguistic approach or grammar excel other quantitative approaches at revealing the sequential behavior of language production. As (...)
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  • The nonclassical mereology of olfactory experiences.Błażej Skrzypulec - 2019 - Synthese 198 (1):867-886.
    While there is a growing philosophical interest in analysing olfactory experiences, the mereological structure of odours considered in respect of how they are perceptually experienced has not yet been extensively investigated. The paper argues that odours are perceptually experienced as having a mereological structure, but this structure is significantly different from the spatial mereological structure of visually experienced objects. Most importantly, in the case of the olfactory part-structure, the classical weak supplementation principle is not satisfied. This thesis is justified by (...)
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  • Memory model of information transmitted in absolute judgment.Lance Nizami - 2011 - Kybernetes 40:80-109.
    Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the popular “information transmitted” interpretation of absolute judgments, and to provide an alternative interpretation if one is needed. Design/methodology/approach – The psychologists Garner and Hake and their successors used Shannon’s Information Theory to quantify information transmitted in absolute judgments of sensory stimuli. Here, information theory is briefly reviewed, followed by a description of the absolute judgment experiment, and its information theory analysis. Empirical channel capacities are scrutinized. A remarkable coincidence, the (...)
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  • Interpretation of absolute judgments using information theory: channel capacity or memory capacity?Lance Nizami - 2010 - Cybernetics and Human Knowing 17:111-155.
    Shannon’s information theory has been a popular component of first-order cybernetics. It quantifies information transmitted in terms of the number of times a sent symbol is received as itself, or as another possible symbol. Sent symbols were events and received symbols were outcomes. Garner and Hake reinterpreted Shannon, describing events and outcomes as categories of a stimulus attribute, so as to quantify the information transmitted in the psychologist’s category (or absolute judgment) experiment. There, categories are represented by specific stimuli, and (...)
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  • Understanding cognitive structure of multitasking behavior and working memory training effects.Samsad Afrin Himi - 2018 - Dissertation, Lmu München
    Multitasking behavior and working memory training are important topics in psychological science. The present thesis systematically investigated the underlying cognitive constructs of multitasking behavior and the cognitive strategies related to transfer effects of working memory training, which were described in two empirical studies. In the first study, we examined the underlying cognitive constructs associated with the concept of multitasking behavior. Although prior investigations have revealed cognitive abilities to be important predictors of multitasking behavior, few studies have been conducted on the (...)
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  • Comparing Effects of Reward Anticipation on Working Memory in Younger and Older Adults.Franka Thurm, Nicolas Zink & Shu-Chen Li - 2018 - Frontiers in Psychology 9.
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  • Unconscious perception and phenomenal coherence.Jake Quilty-Dunn - 2019 - Analysis 79 (3):461-469.
    It is an orthodoxy in cognitive science that perception can occur unconsciously. Recently, Hakwan Lau, Megan Peters and Ian Phillips have argued that this orthodoxy may be mistaken. They argue that many purported cases of unconscious perception fail to rule out low degrees of conscious awareness while others fail to establish genuine perception. This paper presents a case of unconscious perception that avoids these problems. It also advances a general principle of ‘phenomenal coherence’ that can insulate some forms of evidence (...)
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  • Saccadic selection of stabilized items in visuospatial working memory.Sven Ohl & Martin Rolfs - 2018 - Consciousness and Cognition 64:32-44.
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  • Rate–distortion theory and human perception.Chris R. Sims - 2016 - Cognition 152:181-198.
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  • Chunk‐Based Memory Constraints on the Cultural Evolution of Language.Erin S. Isbilen & Morten H. Christiansen - 2018 - Topics in Cognitive Science 12 (2):713-726.
    How linguistic structures evolve so as to become easier to process is addressed by Isbilen and Christiansen for the Now‐or‐Never bottleneck. The authors suggest that this fundamental challenge in language processing is coped with by rapid compression of the transient linguistic input into chunks then to be passed on. As linguistic structures that can be chunked more easily tend to stabilize and proliferate, language evolves to fit learners’ cognitive capabilities.
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  • Undesirable Difficulty Effects in the Learning of High-Element Interactivity Materials.Ouhao Chen, Juan C. Castro-Alonso, Fred Paas & John Sweller - 2018 - Frontiers in Psychology 9.
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  • “Keep That in Mind!” The Role of Positive Affect in Working Memory for Maintaining Goal-Relevant Information.Jessica S. B. Figueira, Luiza B. Pacheco, Isabela Lobo, Eliane Volchan, Mirtes G. Pereira, Leticia de Oliveira & Isabel A. David - 2018 - Frontiers in Psychology 9.
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  • Neural Activity Is Dynamically Modulated by Memory Load During the Maintenance of Spatial Objects.Yali Pan, Zheng Tan, Zhiyao Gao, Yanyan Li & Liang Wang - 2018 - Frontiers in Psychology 9.
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  • Visual Endurance and Auditory Perdurance.Błażej Skrzypulec - 2020 - Erkenntnis 85 (2):467-488.
    Philosophers often state that the persistence of objects in vision is experienced differently than the persistence of sounds in audition. This difference is expressed by using metaphors from the metaphysical endurantism/perdurantism debate. For instance, it is claimed that only sounds are perceived as “temporally extended”. The paper investigates whether it is justified to characterize visually experienced objects and auditorily experienced sounds as different types of entities: endurants and perdurants respectively. This issue is analyzed from the perspective of major specifications of (...)
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  • Rational social and political polarization.Daniel J. Singer, Aaron Bramson, Patrick Grim, Bennett Holman, Jiin Jung, Karen Kovaka, Anika Ranginani & William J. Berger - 2019 - Philosophical Studies 176 (9):2243-2267.
    Public discussions of political and social issues are often characterized by deep and persistent polarization. In social psychology, it’s standard to treat belief polarization as the product of epistemic irrationality. In contrast, we argue that the persistent disagreement that grounds political and social polarization can be produced by epistemically rational agents, when those agents have limited cognitive resources. Using an agent-based model of group deliberation, we show that groups of deliberating agents using coherence-based strategies for managing their limited resources tend (...)
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  • Perceptual Consciousness and Cognitive Access from the Perspective of Capacity-Unlimited Working Memory.Steven Gross - forthcoming - Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B.
    Theories of consciousness divide over whether perceptual consciousness is rich or sparse in specific representational content and whether it requires cognitive access. These two issues are often treated in tandem because of a shared assumption that the representational capacity of cognitive access is fairly limited. Recent research on working memory challenges this shared assumption. This paper argues that abandoning the assumption undermines post-cue-based “overflow” arguments, according to which perceptual conscious is rich and does not require cognitive access. Abandoning it also (...)
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  • An efficient coding approach to the debate on grounded cognition.Abel Wajnerman Paz - 2018 - Synthese 195 (12):5245-5269.
    The debate between the amodal and the grounded views of cognition seems to be stuck. Their only substantial disagreement is about the vehicle or format of concepts. Amodal theorists reject the grounded claim that concepts are couched in the same modality-specific format as representations in sensory systems. The problem is that there is no clear characterization of format or its neural correlate. In order to make the disagreement empirically meaningful and move forward in the discussion we need a neurocognitive criterion (...)
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  • Working Memory From the Psychological and Neurosciences Perspectives: A Review.Wen Jia Chai, Aini Ismafairus Abd Hamid & Jafri Malin Abdullah - 2018 - Frontiers in Psychology 9.
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  • The Reliability of Memory: An Argument from the Armchair.Ali Hasan - 2021 - Episteme 18 (2):142-159.
    The “problem of memory” in epistemology is concerned with whether and how we could have knowledge, or at least justification, for trusting our apparent memories. I defend an inductive solution—more precisely, an abductive solution—to the problem. A natural worry is that any such solution would be circular, for it would have to depend on memory. I argue that belief in the reliability of memory can be justified from the armchair, without relying on memory. The justification is, roughly, that my having (...)
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  • Working Memory and Consciousness: the current state of play.Marjan Persuh, Eric LaRock & Jacob Berger - 2018 - Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 12.
    Working memory, an important posit in cognitive science, allows one to temporarily store and manipulate information in the service of ongoing tasks. Working memory has been traditionally classified as an explicit memory system – that is, as operating on and maintaining only consciously perceived information. Recently, however, several studies have questioned this assumption, purporting to provide evidence for unconscious working memory. In this paper, we focus on visual working memory and critically examine these studies as well as studies of unconscious (...)
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  • The Benefit of Attention-to-Memory Depends on the Interplay of Memory Capacity and Memory Load.Sung-Joo Lim, Malte Wöstmann, Frederik Geweke & Jonas Obleser - 2018 - Frontiers in Psychology 9.
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  • No Spearman’s Law of Diminishing Returns for the working memory and intelligence relationship.Adam Chuderski, Michał Ociepka & Bartłomiej Kroczek - 2016 - Polish Psychological Bulletin 47 (1):73-80.
    Spearman’s Law of Diminishing Returns holds that correlation between general /fluid intelligence factor and other cognitive abilities weakens with increasing ability level. Thus, cognitive processing in low ability people is most strongly saturated by g/gf, whereas processing in high ability people depends less on g/gf. Numerous studies demonstrated that low g is more strongly correlated with crystallized intelligence/creativity/processing speed than is high g, however no study tested an analogous effect in the case of working memory. Our aim was to investigate (...)
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  • Why expressive suppression does not pay? Cognitive costs of negative emotion suppression: The mediating role of subjective tense-arousal.Tomasz Maruszewski & Dorota Szczygieł - 2015 - Polish Psychological Bulletin 46 (3):336-349.
    The aim of this paper was to contribute to a broader understanding of the cognitive consequences of expressive suppression. Specifically, we examined whether the deteriorating effect of expressive suppression on cognitive functioning is caused by tense arousal enhanced by suppression. Two experiments were performed in order to test this prediction. In both studies we tested the effect of expressive suppression on working memory, as measured with a backwards digit-span task and anagram problem-solving task. In addition, in Study 2 we tested (...)
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  • Dependency Distance Differences across Interpreting Types: Implications for Cognitive Demand.Junying Liang, Yuanyuan Fang, Qianxi Lv & Haitao Liu - 2017 - Frontiers in Psychology 8.
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  • Interplay between supramodal attentional control and capacity limits in the low-level visual processors modulate the tendency to inattention.Massimiliano Papera & Anne Richards - 2017 - Consciousness and Cognition 54:72-88.
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  • The perceptual and phenomenal capacity of mental imagery.Rebecca Keogh & Joel Pearson - 2017 - Cognition 162 (C):124-132.
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  • What is the Bandwidth of Perceptual Experience?Michael A. Cohen, Daniel C. Dennett & Nancy Kanwisher - 2016 - Trends in Cognitive Sciences 20 (5):324-335.
    Although our subjective impression is of a richly detailed visual world, numerous empirical results suggest that the amount of visual information observers can perceive and remember at any given moment is limited. How can our subjective impressions be reconciled with these objective observations? Here, we answer this question by arguing that, although we see more than the handful of objects, claimed by prominent models of visual attention and working memory, we still see far less than we think we do. Taken (...)
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  • Task complexity moderates the influence of descriptions in decisions from experience.Leonardo Weiss-Cohen, Emmanouil Konstantinidis, Maarten Speekenbrink & Nigel Harvey - 2018 - Cognition 170 (C):209-227.
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  • Towards an integrative model of visual short-term memory maintenance: Evidence from the effects of attentional control, load, decay, and their interactions in childhood.Andria Shimi & Gaia Scerif - 2017 - Cognition 169 (C):61-83.
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  • Probabilistic representation in syllogistic reasoning: A theory to integrate mental models and heuristics.Masasi Hattori - 2016 - Cognition 157 (C):296-320.
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  • Consciousness and working memory: Current trends and research perspectives.Boris B. Velichkovsky - 2017 - Consciousness and Cognition 55:35-45.
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  • First-Person Investigations of Consciousness.Brentyn Ramm - 2016 - Dissertation, The Australian National University
    This dissertation defends the reliability of first-person methods for studying consciousness, and applies first-person experiments to two philosophical problems: the experience of size and of the self. In chapter 1, I discuss the motivations for taking a first-person approach to consciousness, the background assumptions of the dissertation and some methodological preliminaries. In chapter 2, I address the claim that phenomenal judgements are far less reliable than perceptual judgements (Schwitzgebel, 2011). I argue that the main errors and limitations in making phenomenal (...)
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  • Phenomena and Objects of Research in the Cognitive and Behavioral Sciences.Uljana Feest - 2017 - Philosophy of Science 84 (5):1165-1176.
    It is commonly held that research efforts in the cognitive and behavioral sciences are mainly directed toward providing explanations and that phenomena figure into scientific practice qua explananda. I contend that these assumptions convey a skewed picture of the research practices in question and of the role played by phenomena. I argue that experimental research often aims at exploring and describing “objects of research” and that phenomena can figure as components of, and as evidence for, such objects. I situate my (...)
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  • Squeezing through the Now-or-Never bottleneck: Reconnecting language processing, acquisition, change, and structure.Nick Chater & Morten H. Christiansen - 2016 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 39:e91.
    If human language must be squeezed through a narrow cognitive bottleneck, what are the implications for language processing, acquisition, change, and structure? In our target article, we suggested that the implications are far-reaching and form the basis of an integrated account of many apparently unconnected aspects of language and language processing, as well as suggesting revision of many existing theoretical accounts. With some exceptions, commentators were generally supportive both of the existence of the bottleneck and its potential implications. Many commentators (...)
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  • Visual Working Memory Resources Are Best Characterized as Dynamic, Quantifiable Mnemonic Traces.Bella Z. Veksler, Rachel Boyd, Christopher W. Myers, Glenn Gunzelmann, Hansjörg Neth & Wayne D. Gray - 2017 - Topics in Cognitive Science 9 (1):83-101.
    Visual working memory is a construct hypothesized to store a small amount of accurate perceptual information that can be brought to bear on a task. Much research concerns the construct's capacity and the precision of the information stored. Two prominent theories of VWM representation have emerged: slot-based and continuous-resource mechanisms. Prior modeling work suggests that a continuous resource that varies over trials with variable capacity and a potential to make localization errors best accounts for the empirical data. Questions remain regarding (...)
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  • Recognition Decisions From Visual Working Memory Are Mediated by Continuous Latent Strengths.J. Ricker Timothy, E. Thiele Jonathan, R. Swagman April & N. Rouder Jeffrey - 2017 - Cognitive Science 41 (6):1510-1532.
    Making recognition decisions often requires us to reference the contents of working memory, the information available for ongoing cognitive processing. As such, understanding how recognition decisions are made when based on the contents of working memory is of critical importance. In this work we examine whether recognition decisions based on the contents of visual working memory follow a continuous decision process of graded information about the correct choice or a discrete decision process reflecting only knowing and guessing. We find a (...)
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  • Intuitive Cities: Pre-Reflective, Aesthetic and Political Aspects of Urban Design.Matthew Crippen - 2016 - Journal of Aesthetics and Phenomenology 3 (2):125-145.
    Evidence affirms that aesthetic engagement patterns our movements, often with us barely aware. This invites an examination of pre-reflective engagement within cities and also aesthetic experience as a form of the pre-reflective. The invitation is amplified because design has political implications. For instance, it can draw people in or exclude them by establishing implicitly recognized public-private boundaries. The Value Sensitive Design school, which holds that artifacts embody ethical and political values, stresses some of this. But while emphasizing that design embodies (...)
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  • Block's Overflow Argument.Peter Carruthers - 2017 - Pacific Philosophical Quarterly:65-70.
    This article challenges Block's ‘overflow argument’ for the conclusion that phenomenal consciousness and access-consciousness are distinct. It shows that the data can be explained just as well in terms of a distinction between contents that are made globally accessible through bottom–up sensory stimulation and those that are sustained and made available in working memory through top-down attention.
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  • Keeping track of objects while exploring a spatial layout with partial cues: Location-based and deictic direction-based strategies.Nicolas J. Bullot & Jacques Droulez - unknown
    Last year at VSS, Bullot, Droulez & Pylyshyn reported studies using a Modified Traveling Salesman Paradigm in which a virtual vehicle had to visit up to 10 targets once and only once, and in which the invisible targets were identified only by line segments pointing from the vehicle toward each target. We hypothesized that subjects used two distinct strategies: A “location-based strategy”, which kept track of where targets were located in screen coordinates, and a “segment-based strategy” that kept track of (...)
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  • The Mental Files Theory of Singular Thought: A Psychological Perspective.Michael Murez, Joulia Smortchkova & Brent Strickland - 2020 - In Rachel Goodman, James Genone & Nick Kroll (eds.), Singular Thought and Mental Files. New York, NY, United States of America: Oxford University Press. pp. 107-142.
    We argue that the most ambitious version of the mental files theory of singular thought, according to which mental files are a wide-ranging psychological natural kind underlying all and only singular thinking, is unsupported by the available psychological data. Nevertheless, critical examination of the theory from a psychological perspective opens up promising avenues for research, especially concerning the relationship between our perceptual capacity to individuate and track basic individuals, and our higher level capacities for singular thought.
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  • Chunk formation in immediate memory and how it relates to data compression.Mustapha Chekaf, Nelson Cowan & Fabien Mathy - 2016 - Cognition 155 (C):96-107.
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  • Context and meter enhance long-range planning in music performance.Brian Mathias, Peter Q. Pfordresher & Caroline Palmer - 2014 - Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 8.
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  • Memory load modulates graded changes in distracter filtering.Andria Shimi, Mark W. Woolrich, Dante Mantini & Duncan E. Astle - 2014 - Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 8.
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  • Analogy, explanation, and proof.John E. Hummel, John Licato & Selmer Bringsjord - 2014 - Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 8.
    People are habitual explanation generators. At its most mundane, our propensity to explain allows us to infer that we should not drink milk that smells sour; at the other extreme, it allows us to establish facts (e.g., theorems in mathematical logic) whose truth was not even known prior to the existence of the explanation (proof). What do the cognitive operations underlying the inference that the milk is sour have in common with the proof that, say, the square root of two (...)
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  • Functional cerebral reorganization: a signature of expertise? Reexamining Guida, Gobet, Tardieu, and Nicolas' (2012) two-stage framework.Alessandro Guida, Fernand Gobet & Serge Nicolas - 2013 - Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 7.
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  • Failure to filter: anxious individuals show inefficient gating of threat from working memory.Daniel M. Stout, Alexander J. Shackman & Christine L. Larson - 2013 - Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 7.
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  • Control of automated behavior: insights from the discrete sequence production task.Elger L. Abrahamse, Marit F. L. Ruitenberg, Elian de Kleine & Willem B. Verwey - 2013 - Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 7.
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  • Can chunking reduce syntactic complexity of natural languages?Qian Lu, Chunshan Xu & Haitao Liu - 2016 - Complexity 21 (S2):33-41.
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  • Bayesian analogy with relational transformations.Hongjing Lu, Dawn Chen & Keith J. Holyoak - 2012 - Psychological Review 119 (3):617-648.
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