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Diskursethik – Notizen zu einem Begründungsprogramm

In Jürgen Habermas (ed.), Moralbewusstsein und kommunikatives Handeln. Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp. pp. 53–125 (1983)

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  1. From what to how: an initial review of publicly available AI ethics tools, methods and research to translate principles into practices.Jessica Morley, Luciano Floridi, Libby Kinsey & Anat Elhalal - 2020 - Science and Engineering Ethics 26 (4):2141-2168.
    The debate about the ethical implications of Artificial Intelligence dates from the 1960s :741–742, 1960; Wiener in Cybernetics: or control and communication in the animal and the machine, MIT Press, New York, 1961). However, in recent years symbolic AI has been complemented and sometimes replaced by Neural Networks and Machine Learning techniques. This has vastly increased its potential utility and impact on society, with the consequence that the ethical debate has gone mainstream. Such a debate has primarily focused on principles—the (...)
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  • The normative foundations of critical realism: a comment on Dave Elder-Vass and Leigh Price.Frédéric Vandenberghe - 2019 - Journal of Critical Realism 18 (3):319-336.
    ABSTRACTAs a comment on the debate between Dave Elder-Vass and Leigh Price, I propose a dialogue between Bhaskar and Habermas. If we could introduce critical realism into critical theory, we might...
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  • Rhetoric, Cogency, and the Radically Social Character of Persuasion: Habermas's Argumentation Theory Revisited.William Rehg - 2013 - Philosophy and Rhetoric 46 (4):465-492.
    What can rhetoric tell us about good arguments? The answer depends on what we mean by “good argument” and on how we conceive rhetoric. In this article I examine and further develop Jürgen Habermas’s argumentation theory as an answer to the question—or as I explain, an expanded version of that question. Habermas places his theory in the family of normative approaches that recognize (at least) three evaluative perspectives on all argument making: logic, dialectic, and rhetoric, which proponents loosely align with (...)
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  • Personal identity is social identity.David Carr - 2020 - Phenomenology and the Cognitive Sciences 20 (2):341-351.
    The question of the identity or persistence of the self through time may be interesting for philosophers, but it is hardly a burning question for most individuals. On the other hand, the question of who I am, what or who I take myself to be, can be a vital, even burning question for most of us at some time in our lives. This is the notion of personal identity I take up in this paper. It is an identity that is (...)
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  • The Unreliable Intuitions Objection Against Reflective Equilibrium.Norbert Paulo - 2020 - The Journal of Ethics 24 (3):333-353.
    Reflective equilibrium has been criticized for various reasons ever since the publication of Rawls’ A Theory of Justice. Recent empirical research into moral decision-making poses new challenges to RE because it questions the reliability of moral intuitions. This research might discredit moral intuitionism in general and RE in particular insofar as it ascribes epistemic value to moral intuitions. These findings suggest, for instance, that moral intuitions vary with cultural background, gender or framing. If it could be shown that all or (...)
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  • Science, Religion, and Ethics: The Boyle Lecture 2019.Michael J. Reiss - 2019 - Zygon 54 (3):793-807.
    How do we and should we decide what is morally right and what is morally wrong? For much of human history, the teachings of religion were presumed to provide either the answer, or much of the answer. Over time, two developments challenged this. The first was the establishment of the discipline of moral philosophy. Foundational texts, such as Immanuel Kant's Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals, and the growth of coherent, nonreligious approaches to ethics, notably utilitarianism, served to marginalize the (...)
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  • The invention of theory: A transnational case study of the changing status of Max Weber’s Protestant ethic thesis.Stefan Bargheer - 2017 - Theory and Society 46 (6):497-541.
    This article investigates the status assigned to Max Weber’s The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism as a case study on the development of the concept of theory in twentieth century sociology. I trace this development in the interplay between scholars in the United States and Germany and distinguish three waves of meaning given to the text. The transitions between these phases were brought about by an initial process of mystification of the text in the 1930s and a dynamic (...)
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  • Convincing for the good cause? Techniques of public health communication and their ethical implications.Manuel Schaper, Solveig Lena Hansen & Silke Schicktanz - 2019 - Ethik in der Medizin 31 (1):23-44.
    Der Beitrag analysiert Techniken öffentlicher Gesundheitskommunikation und skizziert im Ausblick Minimalbedingungen für ihre ethische Vertretbarkeit. Dazu wird erstens an einem aktuellen Beispiel veranschaulicht, wie mittels Text und Bild die Öffentlichkeit überzeugt werden soll, ein bestimmtes Gesundheitsverhalten an den Tag zu legen. Zweitens werden anhand der internationalen Ethik-Debatte fünf Grundtypen von Techniken in der Gesundheitskommunikation (Information, Argumentation, Persuasion, Manipulation und Zwang) rekonstruiert und entlang von Mittel, Zweck, Folgen für Adressaten sowie Implikationen für Autonomie aus ethischer Sicht unterschieden. Am besonders ambivalenten Beispiel (...)
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  • (2 other versions)Verantwortung als Moralprinzip? Eine kritische Betrachtung der Verantwortungsethik von Hans Jonas.Matthias Kettner - 1990 - Bijdragen 51 (4):418-439.
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  • Can Corporations be Citizens? Corporate Citizenship as a Metaphor for Business Participation in Society.Jeremy Moon, Andrew Crane & Dirk Matten - 2005 - Business Ethics Quarterly 15 (3):429-453.
    Abstract:This paper investigates whether, in theoretical terms, corporations can be citizens. The argument is based on the observation that the debate on “corporate citizenship” (CC) has only paid limited attention to the actual notion of citizenship. Where it has been discussed, authors have either largely left the concept of CC unquestioned, or applied rather unidimensional and decontextualized notions of citizenship to the corporate sphere. The paper opens with a critical discussion of a major contribution to the CC literature, the work (...)
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  • A New Critical Theory Based on Rational Choice?Matthias Fritsch - 2005 - Dialogue 44 (2):351-362.
    Joseph Heath's Communicative Action and Rational Choice may be read as a critical commentary upon Habermas's critical social theory, but it may also be read as merely using the latter as “scaffolding” for the presentation of Heath's own version of critical theory. In what follows, I will focus on the second option and thus largely ignore the exegetical question to what extent Heath provides a fair reading of Habermas. This does not mean, however, that I will not make comparative judgements. (...)
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  • (1 other version)Prinzipien und Diskurs – Ein Ansatz theoretischer Rechtfertigung der ethischen Fallbesprechung und Ethikkonsultation.Marcel Mertz, Heidi Albisser Schleger, Barbara Meyer-Zehnder & Stella Reiter-Theil - 2014 - Ethik in der Medizin 26 (2):91-104.
    ZusammenfassungMedizinethische Entscheidungsfindungsmodelle müssen nachweisen können, weshalb die mit ihnen getroffenen Entscheidungen richtig oder zumindest „belastbar“ sind. Hierfür sind theoretische Rechtfertigungsansätze aus der Ethik unverzichtbar. Der Klinischen Ethik wird aber mitunter ein Mangel an theoretischer Fundierung vorgeworfen. Um diesem Vorwurf entgegenzutreten, soll unter Bezugnahme auf ein Projekt der Klinischen Ethik („METAP“) die ethische Unterstützung in Form der ethischen Fallbesprechung und der Ethikkonsultation mittels Prinzipienethik und Diskursethik gerechtfertigt werden. Prinzipienethik und Diskursethik können einander über das Medium der ethischen Fallbesprechung oder Ethikkonsultation fruchtbar (...)
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  • (1 other version)Principles and discourse: an approach for the theoretical justification of ethical case discussion and ethics consultation.Marcel Mertz, Heidi Albisser Schleger, Barbara Meyer-Zehnder & Stella Reiter-Theil - 2014 - Ethik in der Medizin 26 (2):91-104.
    Medizinethische Entscheidungsfindungsmodelle müssen nachweisen können, weshalb die mit ihnen getroffenen Entscheidungen richtig oder zumindest „belastbar“ sind. Hierfür sind theoretische Rechtfertigungsansätze aus der Ethik unverzichtbar. Der Klinischen Ethik wird aber mitunter ein Mangel an theoretischer Fundierung vorgeworfen. Um diesem Vorwurf entgegenzutreten, soll unter Bezugnahme auf ein Projekt der Klinischen Ethik („METAP“) die ethische Unterstützung in Form der ethischen Fallbesprechung und der Ethikkonsultation mittels Prinzipienethik und Diskursethik gerechtfertigt werden. Prinzipienethik und Diskursethik können einander über das Medium der ethischen Fallbesprechung oder Ethikkonsultation fruchtbar (...)
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  • Rationalismv.Irrationalism? Habermas's response to foucault.Dieter Freundlieb - 1988 - Inquiry: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Philosophy 31 (2):171-192.
    This paper has two aims, as an exposition of Jürgen Habermas's response to the work of Michel Foucault, and to engage in and assess this debate between two influential contemporary schools of Continental philosophy. Habermas locates Foucault's project in the history of several attempts at a totalizing critique of reason, attempts which are trapped in a performative self?contradiction. Habermas also argues that Foucault is still caught up in the conceptual straitjacket of the philosophy of the subject which his theory was (...)
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  • Morals and dependency – ethical conflicts in the hierarchical system of a hospital.Fred Salomon & Andrea Ziegler - 2007 - Ethik in der Medizin 19 (3):174-186.
    Berufliche Autonomie ist Voraussetzung für Zufriedenheit mit der eigenen Tätigkeit. Dem Arztberuf wird ein hohes Maß an Autonomie zugeschrieben, verbunden mit fachlicher und ethisch-moralischer Kompetenz für lebenswichtige Bereiche. Das sind wesentliche Elemente für das positive Image dieses Berufes. Zu Beginn der ärztlichen Tätigkeit ist die ethischmoralische Kompetenz weitgehend ausgebildet, während die fachliche Kompetenz erst erworben werden muss. Kliniken, in denen die Weiterbildung meist erfolgt, sind oft auch heute noch traditionell hierarchisch organisiert. Die z.T. feudalistischen oder militärischen Strukturen behindern autonome moralische (...)
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  • On the political aspects of Agnes Heller’s ethical thinking.Vlastimil Hála - 2020 - Human Affairs 30 (1):60-71.
    The author describes Heller’s concept of ethics as a “quasi-sphere” intersecting with various fields relating to human relationships. Special attention is paid to the axiological aspects of her concept of ethics and the relationship between virtues and responsibility. The author also seeks to show how Heller integrated a traditional philosophical question—the relationship between “is” and “ought to be”—into her concept of “radical philosophy” at an earlier stage in the development of her philosophy. She initially considered the relationship between “is” and (...)
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  • Le faillibilisme de Jürgen Habermas et ses difficultés : un faillibilisme conséquent est-il possible?Stéphane Courtois - 1994 - Dialogue 33 (2):253-.
    S'agissant du problème lié au statut de la connaissance humaine en général, la querelle du faillibilisme et du fondationnalisme n'est pas neuve. On peut même dire qu'elle parcourt l'histoire de la philosophie depuis ses tout débuts. Dans le contexte des préoccupations propres à la pensée contemporaine, cette querelle semble cependant se cristalliser autour de la question suivante : quel statut devons-nous aujourd'hui accorder à nos énoncés philosophiques? Pouvons-nous et devons-nous encore revendiquer pour ces énoncés, traditionnellement chargés d'établir les fondements et (...)
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  • ‘We are Sorry This Video Is Not Available in Your Country’: An Ethical Analysis of Geo-blocking Audio-Visual Online Content.Pavel Zahrádka & Reinold Schmücker - 2021 - Journal of Media Ethics 37 (1):2-17.
    This article provides an ethical analysis of the moral conflict over access to premium audio-visual online content, which is currently regulated by geo-blocking in the domain of digital film distri...
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  • Ethik und Politik im Anschluss an Levinas – Zwischen dem einen und den vielen Anderen?Eva Buddeberg - 2016 - Zeitschrift für Praktische Philosophie 3 (1):93-124.
    Wird in philosophischen Diskussionen auf Emmanuel Levinas Bezug genommen, bleibt es zumindest in einigen Theoriekontexten häufig bei dem Verweis auf den „Anderen“, dem wir die Moral schulden, gelten doch seine Schriften immer noch als metaphysisch aufgeladen und in ihrer Radikalität als unplausibel. Weitgehend außer Acht gelassen wird dabei, wie Levinas sich dazu äußert, dass wir in der Welt nie nur mit einem, sondern mit vielen Anderen leben und somit vor der Frage stehen, wie wir diesen allen gerecht werden können. Auch (...)
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  • Deliberative institutional economics, or DoesHomo oeconomicus argue?: A proposal for combining new institutional economics with discourse theory.Anne Aaken - 2002 - Philosophy and Social Criticism 28 (4):361-394.
    Institutional economics and discourse theory stand unconnected next to each other, in spite of the fact that they both ask for the legitimacy of institutions (normative) and the functioning and effectiveness of institutions (positive). Both use as theoretical constructions rational individuals and the concept of consensus for legitimacy. Whereas discourse theory emphasizes the conditions of a legitimate consensus and could thus enable institutional economics to escape the infinite regress of judging a consensus legitimate, institutional economics has a tested social science (...)
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  • Philosophie und struktur.Ulrich Müller - 1994 - Journal for General Philosophy of Science / Zeitschrift für Allgemeine Wissenschaftstheorie 25 (2):261 - 277.
    Philosophy and Structure. On why it is necessary for hermeneutic philosophy to make use of structural theory. In this essay I give reasons for the thesis that hermeneutic philosophy has to adopt considerations on structural theory in order to avoid the paradox of historism. Concepts of structure like 'criticism', 'centralism', 'creativity' etc. possess both a metaphilosophical and an empirical status which enables us to compare and to combine differend and opposed philosophies by means of common structures. Such an hermeneutic reflection (...)
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