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  1. (1 other version)The value content of agricultural technologies and their effect on rural regions and farmers.Kenneth A. Dahlberg - 1989 - Journal of Agricultural Ethics 2 (2):87-96.
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  • The contradictory nature of knowledge: a challenge for understanding innovation in a local context and workplace development and for doing action research. [REVIEW]Hans Chr Garmann Johnsen, James Karlsen, Roger Normann & Jens Kristian Fosse - 2009 - AI and Society 23 (1):85-98.
    The argument in this article is that knowledge is an important phenomenon to understand in order to discuss development and innovation in modern workplaces. Predominant theories on knowledge in organisation and innovation literature, we argue, are based on a dualist concept of knowledge. The arguments found in these theories argue for one type of knowledge in contrast to another. The most prevailing dualism is that between local and universal knowledge. We believe that arguing along this line does not bring us (...)
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  • The Paradox of Ideology.Justin Schwartz - 1993 - Canadian Journal of Philosophy 23 (4):543 - 574.
    A standard problem with the objectivity of social scientific theory in particular is that it is either self-referential, in which case it seems to undermine itself as ideology, or self-excepting, which seem pragmatically self-refuting. Using the example of Marx and his theory of ideology, I show how self-referential theories that include themselves in their scope of explanation can be objective. Ideology may be roughly defined as belief distorted by class interest. I show how Marx thought that natural science was informed (...)
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  • Modes of Hoping.Darren Webb - 2007 - History of the Human Sciences 20 (3):65-83.
    It is widely acknowledged that hoping is an integral part of what it is to be human. The present article strives to make sense of the myriad competing conceptions of hope that have emerged over the past half-century. Two problems with the literature are highlighted. First, discussions of hope tend to take place within rather than between disciplines. Second, hope is often taken to be an undifferentiated experience. In order to address the first problem, the article takes an interdisciplinary approach, (...)
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  • An Economic Policy for Education: Prudence or Folly?1.Philip Edwards - 1990 - Educational Philosophy and Theory 22 (2):50-64.
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  • How is objectivity in the social sciences possible?Efraim Shmueli - 1979 - Zeitschrift Für Allgemeine Wissenschaftstheorie 10 (1):107-118.
    Karl Mannheim's contribution to a conceptual framework towards establishing objective knowledge in the social sciences has been overlooked and neglected. The paper discusses and reevaluates particularly Mannheim's concept of relationism which he used for clarifying the possibility of a "dynamic synthesis of perspectives" as the task of sociology of knowledge. One of the functions of Mannheim's conceptual framework was to narrow the gap between the techno-scientific or empiricist paradigm of knowledge and the humanistic-hermeneutical paradigm by a set of mediations which (...)
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  • The Body as an “Object” of Historical Knowledge.Doug Mann - 1996 - Dialogue 35 (4):753-776.
    Body theory is the work of historians, sociologists, philosophers, and other scholars in the past twenty to twenty-five years that explicitly focuses on the body, especially on sexuality and gender. The body is seen as an ideological surface on which history and politics inscribe their truths. It is, in short, a corporeal epistemology standing in opposition to all the old cognitive epistemologies (e.g., Descartes, Locke, and modern analytic thought as a whole). Régimes of power are known through the way they (...)
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  • Educational Studies and the Domestication of Utopia.Darren Webb - 2016 - British Journal of Educational Studies 64 (4):431-448.
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  • (1 other version)Psychiatry, language and freedom.Ronald Leifer - 1982 - Metamedicine 3 (3):397-416.
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  • Philosophical skepticism not relativism is the problem with the Strong Programme in Science Studies and with Educational Constructivism.Dimitris P. Papayannakos - 2008 - Science & Education 17 (6):573-611.
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  • Socially useful artificial intelligence.Richard Ennals - 1987 - AI and Society 1 (1):5-15.
    Artificial intelligence is presented as a set of tools with which we can try to come to terms with human problems, and with the assistance of which, some human problems can be solved. Artificial intelligence is located in its social context, in terms of the environment within which it is developed, and the applications to which it is put. Drawing on social theory, there is consideration of the collaborative and social problem-solving processes which are involved in artificial intelligence and society. (...)
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  • The Human Condition as social ontology: Hannah Arendt on society, action and knowledge.Philip Walsh - 2011 - History of the Human Sciences 24 (2):120-137.
    Hannah Arendt is widely regarded as a political theorist who sought to rescue politics from ‘society’, and political theory from the social sciences. This conventional view has had the effect of distracting attention from many of Arendt’s most important insights concerning the constitution of ‘society’ and the significance of the social sciences. In this article, I argue that Hannah Arendt’s distinctions between labor, work and action, as these are discussed in The Human Condition and elsewhere, are best understood as a (...)
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  • Educational Research and the Philosophy of Context.Michael A. Peters - 2012 - Educational Philosophy and Theory 44 (8):793-800.
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  • Where the Sidewalk Ends: The Limits of Social Constructionism.David Peterson - 2012 - Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour 42 (4):465-484.
    The sociology of knowledge is a heterogeneous set of theories which generally focuses on the social origins of meaning. Strong arguments, epitomized by Durkheim's late work, have hypothesized that the very concepts our minds use to structure experience are constructed through social processes. This view has come under attack from theorists influenced by recent work in developmental psychology that has demonstrated some awareness of these categories in pre-socialized infants. However, further studies have shown that the innate abilities infants display differ (...)
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  • Countertheses: Communication, material conditions, and future sociocultural development.William J. MacKinnon - 1968 - World Futures 7 (1):41-53.
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  • (1 other version)On the art of being wrong: An essay on the dialectic of errors.Sverre Wide - 2009 - Journal of Philosophy of Education 43 (4):573-588.
    This essay attempts to distinguish and discuss the importance and limitations of different ways of being wrong. At first it is argued that strictly falsifiable knowledge is concerned with simple (instrumental) mistakes only, and thus is incapable of understanding more complex errors (and truths). In order to gain a deeper understanding of mistakes (and to understand a deeper kind of mistake), it is argued that communicative aspects have to be taken into account. This is done in the theory of communicative (...)
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  • The west's dismissal of the khabarovsk trial as 'communist propaganda': Ideology, evidence and international bioethics. [REVIEW]Jing-Bao Nie - 2004 - Journal of Bioethical Inquiry 1 (1):32-42.
    In late 1949 the former Soviet Union conducted an open trial of eight Japanese physicians and researchers and four other military servicemen in Khabarovsk, a city in eastern Siberia. Despite its strong ideological tone and many obvious shortcomings such as the lack of international participation, the trial established beyond reasonable doubt that the Japanese army had prepared and deployed bacteriological weapons and that Japanese researchers had conducted cruel experiments on living human beings. However, the trial, together with the evidence presented (...)
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  • Wittgenstein and Mannheim on the sociology of mathematics.David Bloor - 1973 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A 4 (2):173.
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  • Culture, philosophy, and politics: the formation of the sociocultural sciences in Germany.Lawrence A. Scaff - 1988 - History of the Human Sciences 1 (2):221-243.
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  • Traditions in Transition: Adolescents Remaking Culture.Robert A. LeVine - 2011 - Ethos: Journal of the Society for Psychological Anthropology 39 (4):426-431.
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  • The eternal present of Utopianism.José Eduardo Dos Reis - 2000 - Critical Review of International Social and Political Philosophy 3 (2-3):44-55.
    (2000). The eternal present of Utopianism. Critical Review of International Social and Political Philosophy: Vol. 3, The Philosophy of Utopia, pp. 44-55.
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  • “Libertarianism” and the Social Ideal of Liberty: Neo‐conservatism’s “Libertarian” Claims Reconsidered.Milan Zafirovski - 2011 - Social Epistemology 25 (2):183-209.
    This article reconsiders contemporary conservatism’s “libertarian” claim to economic and political liberty and related claims. It re‐examines the relation of conservatism and its supposed “libertarianism” to the principle or ideal of liberty in society and economy, respectively. The paper argues and demonstrates that since its inception out of medieval traditionalism, conservatism has continued to consistently oppose the ideal and practice of liberty defining liberalism, and to that extent modern liberal‐democratic society as a reality or project premised on that ideal. The (...)
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  • A nation of gray individualists: Moral relativism in the united states.Daniel Rigney & Michael Kearl - 1994 - Journal of Social Philosophy 25 (1):20-45.
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  • What is social about social epistemics?James Maffie - 1991 - Social Epistemology 5 (2):101 – 110.
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  • Meaning, morality, and the moral sciences.Patrick Grim - 1983 - Philosophical Studies 43 (3):397 - 408.
    n the John Locke Lectures, included in Meaning and the Moral Sciences, Hilary Putnam argues that "the 'softness' of social facts may affect the 'hard' notions of truth and reference" Without fully endorsing Putnam's argument, I hope to show that a similar argument could be constructed for a slightly different conclusion: that the 'softness' of ethics may affect the 'hard' notions of truth and reference.
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  • On regulating what is known: A way to social epistemology.Steve Fuller - 1987 - Synthese 73 (1):145 - 183.
    This paper lays the groundwork for normative-yet-naturalistic social epistemology. I start by presenting two scenarios for the history of epistemology since Kant, one in which social epistemology is the natural outcome and the other in which it represents a not entirely satisfactory break with classical theories of knowledge. Next I argue that the current trend toward naturalizing epistemology threatens to destroy the distinctiveness of the sociological approach by presuming that it complements standard psychological and historical approaches. I then try to (...)
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  • What is rationality? Selected conceptions from social theory.Milan Zafirovski - 2003 - Social Epistemology 17 (1):13 – 44.
    The paper surveys selected alternative conceptions of rationality in contemporary and (especially) traditional economics and sociology. While the status of rationality as one of the master concepts, subjects and objectives of social science and philosophy has been further promoted in contemporary economics and sociology, questions often arise among economists and sociologists themselves as to its meaning or definition. As an attempt to help address this issue, the paper selects and examines a (limited) number of pertinent definitions and conceptions of rationality (...)
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  • A defense of universalism: With a critique of particularism in chinese culture. [REVIEW]Dunhua Zhao - 2009 - Frontiers of Philosophy in China 4 (1):116-129.
    Universalism can be defined as the belief in the universal application of certain knowledge, world-views and value-views. Universalism has often been confused with Occident-centrism, due to the fact that the latter was used to justify the former, which confused the content of a thought with the social condition that gave rise to the thought. For many years, clarifications of this confusion have been made in sociology of knowledge, relativism and skepticism. Yet, the particularistic conclusion thus reached has led to more (...)
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  • Dimensions of Modernity and Their Contemporary Fate.Junqing Yi & Lingmei Fan - 2005 - Frontiers of Philosophy in China 1 (1):6-21.
    Modernity, a focal point of interest in our time, means the cultural schemata and mechanisms of social action stemming from the Enlightenment and the modernization process. It is a set of new and "man-made" rationalized mechanisms and rules for human societies that naturally grow beyond geographical boundaries. The interrelated dimensions of modernity may be roughly grouped into "intellectual" and "institutional" categories including subjectivity and individual self-consciousness, a spirit of rationalized and contracting public culture, modernity in sociohistorical narratives as an ideology, (...)
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  • Situated objectivity.Malcolm Williams - 2005 - Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour 35 (1):99–120.
    This paper is a re-examination of the issue of objectivity in sociology. Though it begins from the premise that objectivity is a necessary precondition for a minimally scientific sociology, it sides with subjectivists who claim that values are ever present in investigation. Values are shown to exist along a continuum in investigation. The paper develops the argument that objectivity is a value itself and is nested in other values that will take on a contextual character dependent upon disciplines. Two brief (...)
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  • The Rationality of Extremists: A Talmonist Insight We Need to Respond to.John Wettersten - 2012 - Social Epistemology 26 (1):31-53.
    Extremists who have been well educated in science are quite common, but nevertheless puzzling. How can individuals with high levels of scientific education fall prey to irrationalist ideologies? Implicit assumptions about rationality may lead to tremendous and conspicuous developments. When correction of social deficits is seen as a pressing problem, it is quite common that individuals conclude that some religious or political system contains the all-encompassing answer, if only it is applied with sufficiently high standards. Implicit assumptions about rationally high (...)
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  • Transposing “Style” from the History of Art to the History of Science.Anna Wessely - 1991 - Science in Context 4 (2):265-278.
    The ArgumentThe paper argues for the restricted viability of the concept of style in the history of science. Since historians of science borrow this term from art history or the sociology of knowledge, the paper outlines its emergence and function in these disciplines, in order to show that the need for ever subtler stylistic distinctions in historical description inevitably leads to the dissolution of the concept of style itself.“Style” will be defined in predominantly cognitive or technical terms when imputed to (...)
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  • Is a Post-philosophical Sociology Possible? Insights from Norbert Elias’s Sociology of Knowledge.Philip Walsh - 2014 - Philosophy of the Social Sciences 44 (2):179-200.
    This article investigates the status of Norbert Elias’s conception of the sociology of knowledge as the means to provide a new epistemological security for sociology. The author of the article argues that this translates into an effective critique of the underlaboring model of the relationship between philosophy and the social sciences, which is consistent with Elias’s attempt to consolidate his own sociological theory. Nevertheless, the author argues that Elias’s sociology of knowledge runs into problems in its attempt to evade the (...)
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  • But is it sociology of knowledge? Wilhelm Jerusalem’s “sociology of cognition” in context.Thomas Uebel - 2012 - Studies in East European Thought 64 (1-2):5-37.
    This paper considers the charge that—contrary to the current widespread assumption accompanying the near-universal neglect of his work—Wilhelm Jerusalem (1854–1923) cannot count as one of the founders of the sociology of (scientific) knowledge. In order to elucidate the matter, Jerusalem’s “sociology of cognition” is here reconstructed in the context of his own work in psychology and philosophy as well as in the context of the work of some predecessors and contemporaries. It is argued that while it shows clear discontinuities with (...)
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  • Creating Golems: Uses of Golem Stories in the Ethics of Technologies.Erik Thorstensen - 2017 - NanoEthics 11 (2):153-168.
    People tell stories. In stories, the narrator and the receiver can perceive meanings. These meanings can be analyzed again through larger interpretative framings. In this article, different ethical uses of the golem story are analyzed by making use of some of Jörn Rüsen’s ideas concerning historical thinking and narration and with a focus on the uses of the golem myth in studies and discussions on new and emerging science and technology.
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  • The limits of empirical studies on research ethics.Laurence R. Tancredi - 1995 - Ethics and Behavior 5 (3):217 – 236.
    The results of empirical research in psychology and psychiatry are increasingly being used to formulate as well as understand problems at the interface of law and psychiatry. There has been a proliferation of studies, such as the determinants of individual competence or threat to self or others, the results of which are influencing policy and legislative decisions as well as buttressing holdings in court cases. In this article, I explore the issues of interpretation of epidemiological studies, particularly the role of (...)
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  • The powers and capabilities of selves: Social and collective approaches.Guy E. Swanson - 1985 - Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour 15 (3):331–354.
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  • The genesis and structure of moral universalism: social justice in Victorian Britain, 1834–1901.Michael Strand - 2015 - Theory and Society 44 (6):537-573.
    Sociologists generally agree that history affects or conditions moral belief, but the relationship is still only vaguely understood. Using a case study of the appearance of social justice beliefs in Victorian-era Britain, this article develops an explanation of the link between history and morality by applying field theory to capture the historical genesis of a field. A moral way of evaluating poverty and inequality developed slowly over the course of the nineteenth century in Britain, with a trajectory extending back to (...)
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  • The social construction of social constructionism.Peter Slezak - 1994 - Inquiry: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Philosophy 37 (2):139 – 157.
    The republication of David Bloor's Knowledge and Social Imagery is evidence of the continuing interest and importance of the work but also provides the clearest evidence of the shortcomings of the enterprise. The new Afterword of Bloor's second edition addresses criticisms of the Strong Programme, but the theses which Bloor now defends are substantially weaker claims than the iconoclastic tenets of the original manifesto. Moreover, in a related strategy, Bloor asserts that criticisms made since 1975 have given him no reason (...)
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  • Lost and (not yet) found.Giles R. Scofield - 1996 - HEC Forum 8 (6):372-391.
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  • Toward a formative psychology.George C. Rosenwald - 1988 - Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour 18 (1):1–32.
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  • Cynicism and the law: The emergence of legal consciousness in law school.Robert Granfield - 1994 - Journal of Social Philosophy 25 (s1):188-208.
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  • American biofutures: ideology and utopia in the Fukuyama/Stock debate.R. E. Ashcroft - 2003 - Journal of Medical Ethics 29 (1):59-62.
    Francis Fukuyama, in his Our Posthuman Future, and Gregory Stock, in his Redesigning Humans, present competing versions of the biomedical future of human beings, and debate the merits of more or less stringent regimes of regulation for biomedical innovation. In this article, these positions are shown to depend on a shared discourse of market liberalism, which limits both the range of ends for such innovation discussed by the authors, and the scope of their policy analyses and proposals. A proper evaluation (...)
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  • Time orientations and emotion-rules in finance.Jocelyn Pixley - 2009 - Theory and Society 38 (4):383-400.
    This article explores how Anglo-American financial firms since the 1980s have operated and acted in an increasingly deregulated, risky, and uncertain arena. I look at these firms and their actions with a particular focus on “temporality” and requisite “emotion-rules,” where variations in emotion-rules correspond with organizational definitions of uncertainty. Firms impose specific emotion-rules, depending on national policies, official duties, and interpretations of each risk. In finance, caveat emptor (i.e., buyer or lender distrust) is an emotion-rule set in screening policies and (...)
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  • Paradigms and incommensurability.Derek L. Phillips - 1975 - Theory and Society 2 (1):37-61.
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  • (1 other version)The proletarian as stranger.Dick Pels - 1998 - History of the Human Sciences 11 (1):49-72.
    This paper argues that the Marxist theory of the proletariat in many ways projects a romanticized self-description or 'false shadow' of its revolutionary spokesmen, and hence more proximately describes the missionary complex and Bohemian life-style of marginalized political intellectuals than a 'really existing' working class. This 'mistaken iden tity play' between spokespersons and their favourite sociological con stituency, which is already alluded to in various historical left-wing and right-wing 'farewells to the proletariat', is more systematically criti cized in recent reassessments (...)
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  • Interpretive sociology: The theoretical significance of verstehen in the constitution of social reality. [REVIEW]Arthur S. Parsons - 1978 - Human Studies 1 (1):111 - 137.
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  • Fragmented Knowledge Structures: Secularization as Scientization.Richard S. Park - 2013 - Heythrop Journal 54 (2):563-573.
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  • Deflationary Methodology and Rationality of Science.Thomas Nickles - 1996 - Philosophica 58 (2).
    The last forty years have produced a dramatic reversal in leading accounts of science. Once thought necessary to (explain) scientific progress, a rigid method of science is now widely considered impossible. Study of products yields to study of processes and practices, .unity gives way to diversity, generality to particularity, logic to luck, and final justification to heuristic scaffolding. I sketch the story, from Bacon and Descartes to the present, of the decline and fall of traditional scientific method, conceived as The (...)
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  • (1 other version)The Educators' Dilemma.Otto Newman - 1977 - British Journal of Educational Studies 25 (1):11 - 31.
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