In response to escalating environmental crises, this paper introduces Nature Quotient (NQ) as a distinct and essential form of intelligence that enables humans to comprehend, adapt to, and harmonize with complex natural systems. Grounded in Granular Interaction Thinking Theory (GITT), NQ is defined as the capacity to perceive, process, and organize information about ecological interconnections—thereby fostering deeper ecological consciousness and guiding sustainable behavior. The paper posits that cultivating high NQ can counteract the anthropocentric biases inherent in conventional intelligence models and (...) catalyze a socio-cultural shift from an eco-deficit paradigm to an eco-surplus culture. The conceptualization of NQ opens promising directions for interdisciplinary research, environmental education, and policy-making aimed at biodiversity conservation, climate change mitigation, and ecological resilience. Developing robust theoretical and empirical tools to measure NQ remains an urgent and necessary endeavor. (shrink)

As global temperatures approach critical thresholds, debate intensifies over optimal climate mitigation strategies. This comparative analysis evaluates technological interventions (carbon capture, geoengineering) against nature-based solutions (forest restoration, wetland conservation) through four criteria: effectiveness, scalability, environmental impacts, and socio-political implications. Our findings reveal that while technological approaches promise precise carbon removal, they face significant limitations including prohibitive costs, limited deployment, and potential ecological disruption. Conversely, nature-based solutions demonstrate superior cost-efficiency, deliver multiple ecosystem benefits, and enable decentralized implementation with community engagement. Analysis (...) suggests these disparities stem from what we term an "eco-deficit culture" prioritizing proprietary technologies over public ecological goods, systematically marginalizing Indigenous and Local Knowledge systems despite their demonstrated effectiveness. We propose transitioning to an "eco-surplus" paradigm through financial reforms, governance restructuring, and knowledge reintegration. This shift represents not merely a technical adjustment but a fundamental realignment of human-environment relationships, wherein climate action enhances rather than merely sustains ecological health. (shrink)

The global push for electrification has placed battery technology at the forefront of climate solutions, but this almost singular focus is creating a precarious economic and environmental bubble. This article provides a multi-dimensional analysis – economic, scientific, and anthropological – of the looming battery industry crisis. We examine the rise of a “battery bubble” driven by the electric vehicle (EV) revolution, using Granular Interaction Thinking Theory (GITT) to highlight how narrow technological obsession can backfire. Nickel, a critical metal for batteries, (...) is explored as the first casualty of this bubble. Its soaring demand and price volatility have led to severe environmental degradation and market instability. Drawing parallels to historical manias like Tulip Fever and the Dot-com bubble, we discuss how hype and herd behavior inflate expectations of battery dominance, risking immiserizing growth – an economic expansion that paradoxically worsens social, economic, and environmental well-being. Finally, we propose a pathway to escape the battery bubble through a shift to an eco-surplus culture underpinned by the “semiconducting” principle of environmental-economic value exchange. This approach calls for reorienting our value system to prevent solving one environmental problem at the cost of exacerbating others. The analysis underscores the urgency of recalibrating climate strategies before the battery bubble busts, with potentially catastrophic consequences for global stability. (shrink)

As urbanization accelerates, diminishing green spaces pose growing public health challenges, exacerbating pollution exposure, stress, and chronic illnesses. This narrative review synthesizes research on the biological and psychological pathways through which urban plants promote human health. Biologically, urban greenery enhances air quality by filtering pollutants, strengthens immune function by increasing microbial diversity, and regulates stress physiology via endocrine mechanisms. Psychologically, nature exposure restores cognitive function, reduces stress, and fosters emotional resilience, as evidenced by neuroimaging and epidemiological studies. The findings suggest (...) that integrating green infrastructure into urban environments yields measurable public health benefits, including lower mortality rates, reduced cardiovascular and respiratory disease prevalence, and improved mental well-being. However, critical research gaps remain regarding the optimal “doses” of nature for health, cultural differences in nature perception, and the potential role of incorporating insights from quantum and informational theories to study cognitive-environment interactions (e.g., Granular Interaction Thinking Theory). Addressing these gaps through interdisciplinary collaboration, artificial intelligence integration, and data-driven urban planning can help cities evolve into healthier, more sustainable ecosystems. (shrink)

This paper explores how generative AI technologies like ChatGPT and Gemini are reshaping knowledge production and dissemination. While AI offers democratized access to information, it also disrupts traditional norms of intellectual authority and epistemic rigor. Drawing on the role of the rejection mechanism in scholarly publishing, the essay argues that AI lacks critical filtering mechanisms, risking the amplification of bias, misinformation, and oversimplified narratives. It advocates for robust validation frameworks and intellectual humility in both human and machine learning processes. Ultimately, (...) it calls for careful reflection on AI’s epistemic limits and its role within evolving knowledge ecosystems. (shrink)

Following the Paris Agreement, global actors intensified climate action through ambitious pledges, financial alliances, and investments in green technologies. However, despite continued rises in atmospheric carbon concentrations and global temperatures, a series of structural regressions have emerged, exposing the deep vulnerabilities and fundamental flaws of artificial systems designed to drive socio-economic systems towards resilience. These systems, largely shaped by mainstream economic worldviews, commodify nature and rely heavily on subjective cost-benefit analyses. This article argues that such approaches cultivate an eco-deficit culture, (...) which erodes resilience and public trust. Drawing on Granular Interaction Thinking Theory (GITT), the paper explores the roots of these systemic weaknesses and proposes a corrective mechanism: the semiconducting principle, in which environmental values may be converted into monetary equivalents but not vice versa. The article concludes by calling for the adoption of an eleventh progressive cultural value—protecting and healing nature—as foundational to building an eco-surplus culture and achieving authentic sustainability. (shrink)

Technological innovations are increasingly promoted as solutions to climate change. However, many innovations, including Carbon Capture and Storage, bioplastics, and glacier geo engineering, face significant limitations, high costs, and unintended consequences that undermine their sustainability benefits. Using Granular Interaction Thinking Theory (GITT), grounded on information theory, quantum mechanics, and Mindsponge theory, in this study, we analyze how excessive technological innovations create an “innovation curse” and contribute to the erosion of Indigenous and Local Knowledge. Our findings reveal that market and institutional (...) biases favor high-tech solutions, sidelining proven ecological strategies that operate within planetary boundaries. We propose the eco-surplus framework, which emphasizes the integration of Indigenous and Local Knowledge and nature-based solutions as scalable, cost-effective climate interventions. Transitioning from an “eco-deficit” to an “eco surplus” culture requires institutional shifts that prioritize ecological intelligence over proprietary technologies. Our study emphasizes the urgency of aligning sustainability efforts with regenerative, community-driven practices to foster long-term environmental resilience. (shrink)

Chúng tôi mong muốn thông qua một cuốn sách nhỏ này ghi chép lại một hành trình từ ý tưởng đơn sơ ban đầu đi tới một sản phẩm công nghệ, phục vụ công việc khoa học, trước tiên và trên hết cho chính mình. Nhưng ngay tiếp theo đó, sản phẩm được sử dụng ngày một rộng rãi hơn, cho nhiều người (phần lớn là các nhà nghiên cứu trẻ) ở nhiều trường đại học, tại nhiều quốc gia khác (...) nhau. Hôm nay, khi sản phẩm đó đã hỗ trợ hơn một trăm người hoàn thành rất nhiều công việc, thì chúng tôi chợt nhận ra, sản phẩm ấy cũng đã có mặt trên Trái Đất này năm thứ 7. (shrink)

Since its official launch on June 22, 2022, the SM3D Portal has been committed to initiating and completing over a hundred Bayesian Mindsponge Framework Collaborative Projects (BMF CP). Based on the principles of the successful BMF CP series, I, Minh-Hoang Nguyen, would like to propose a new type of collaboration in a parallel series: BEE JP. -/- BEE is an acronym for the book “Better Economics for the Earth,” while JP stands for Joint Paper.

Satire uses humor, irony, or exaggeration to highlight societal issues, encouraging readers to reflect on their beliefs and values. This article explores how satire in literature, through Granular Interaction Thinking Theory (GITT), might influence thinking over time. By examining three books from different cultures—Animal Farm (UK), Laugh or Lament (Turkey), and Wild Wise Weird (Vietnam)—the article looks at how satire can encourage questioning of accepted ideas and promote reflection. The findings suggest that satire may gradually shape personal and social values. (...) The paper also suggests that GITT could be a helpful tool for linking literary analysis with psychological insights, providing potential approaches for studying cultural understanding and education. (shrink)

While the social benefits of AI often outweigh its trade-offs, what about its environmental impact? To what extent can AI counterbalance the ecological burdens it creates? Can the Earth sustain itself until AI is successfully developed in the era of climate change and environmental degradation? -/- As Nguyen suggests, humanity must seek wisdom by confronting the foolishness that they are doing in environmental matters. Such wisdom urges us to reevaluate our thoughts, choices, and behaviors to minimize environmental harm and promote (...) ecological sustainability. A critical first step in using AI responsibly for the environment lies in ensuring its effective and efficient utilization. (shrink)

Việc bài nghiên cứu bị từ chối là một thực tế mà tất cả các học giả phải đối mặt trên con đường học thuật. Mặc dù việc này có thể ảnh hưởng tiêu cực đến sự tự tin, sức khỏe tinh thần và khả năng bền bỉ theo đuổi nghề của các nhà nghiên cứu, nó vẫn được xem là cơ chế “lọc” quan trọng nhằm phân biệt giữa những nghiên cứu đạt và không đạt tiêu chuẩn. Tuy nhiên, (...) gia tăng sự khắt khe trong quá trình đánh giá và phản biện chưa hẳn chỉ mang lại toàn kết quả tích cực. -/- . (shrink)

For decades, climate advocacy has framed carbon as the ultimate villain. Common phrases like “fighting carbon emissions,” “combatting climate change,” and “decarbonizing the economy” depict carbon as a pollutant that must be eradicated. This warlike language has shaped policies centered on capturing, sequestering, and eliminating carbon—treating it as an adversary to be subdued rather than an essential element of life. However, this framing is misleading, as Paul Hawken argues. Carbon itself is not the problem; it is the fundamental building block (...) of all living organisms. The real issue lies in the excessive accumulation of carbon dioxide due to human activities, disrupting Earth’s natural balance. By treating carbon as a toxic entity rather than an integral part of life’s cycles, we risk alienating people from the living world instead of fostering holistic solutions. (shrink)

Bản thân tôi biết đến Ngụ ngôn Bói Cá khá muộn, vào khoảng năm 2021 (sau đây xin gọi là Bói Cá vì sự thân thuộc của tập truyện đối với tôi). Ban đầu, tôi được nghe kể về Bói Cá qua những buổi cà phê ở góc phố, từ chính tác giả—GS Vương Quân Hoàng. Ngay từ lần đầu tiên, tôi đã bị cuốn hút bởi lối suy nghĩ vô cùng “kỳ quặc” nhưng lại hoàn toàn hợp lý và (...) hài hước. (shrink)

What is the value of a lightning bolt? A strange question, perhaps. But as it arcs across the sky, that bolt is doing something remarkable: it's fixing nitrogen from the air, making it available to plants in a process that took nature billions of years to evolve. If we tried to replicate this service industrially, it would cost millions. Yet, in our economic systems, that lightning bolt is worth exactly zero dollars and zero cents. This paradox sits at the heart (...) of our troubled relationship with nature. For centuries, we have tried to squeeze the infinite complexity of the natural world into the finite box of market prices. But as climate change accelerates and biodiversity collapses, it is becoming clear that our economic models are not just incomplete – they are actively dangerous. A new paradigm is emerging in the interdisciplinary of biology, physics, information science, and quantum theory, offering fresh perspectives on how we might better understand and measure value. (shrink)

Các tổ chức tài chính quốc tế (International Financial Institutions - IFIs) đóng vai trò then chốt trong việc tài trợ cho phát triển nông nghiệp trên toàn cầu. Tuy nhiên, bằng chứng mới đây cho thấy các khoản đầu tư của họ chưa thực sự phù hợp với những mục tiêu chuyển đổi cần thiết để đối mặt với các thách thức cấp bách hiện nay. Trong một phân tích toàn diện trên 916 tài liệu thiết kế dự án (...) từ sáu IFIs lớn trong giai đoạn 2015–2022, Porciello và cộng sự [2] đã sử dụng trí tuệ nhân tạo để đánh giá liệu các dự án này có thực sự thúc đẩy khả năng chống chịu với biến đổi khí hậu, cải thiện dinh dưỡng và tăng cường hòa nhập xã hội hay không. -/- . (shrink)

Tiến bộ công nghệ đã tăng tốc theo cấp số nhân, đặc biệt trong lĩnh vực mạng xã hội trực tuyến. Các ứng dụng công nghệ kỹ thuật số ra đời nhằm nâng cao và cải thiện các phương thức giao tiếp mới mẻ trên các nền tảng truyền thông xã hội, đặc biệt là Facebook. Nghiên cứu phân tích các yếu tố tác động đến quyết định mua hàng của người dùng Facebook đối với mặt hàng sản phẩm thời (...) trang thông qua mô hình phương trình cấu trúc (SEM). Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy, Cảm xúc; Chất lượng và eWOM có ảnh hưởng tích cực và đáng kể đến Quyết định mua hàng quần áo thời trang của người dùng Facebook; trong khi, Giá và Rủi ro không có ảnh hưởng. (shrink)

Khi châu Phi đối mặt với những thách thức ngày càng lớn về an ninh lương thực, nuôi trồng thủy sản đã trở thành nguồn dinh dưỡng và sinh kế thiết yếu. Tuy nhiên, việc ngành này phụ thuộc nặng nề vào bột cá (fishmeal)—loại thức ăn có chi phí cao và gây tổn hại môi trường—đang đe dọa cả tính khả thi kinh tế lẫn tính bền vững sinh thái. Để giải quyết vấn đề này, Iheanacho và cộng sự (...) [2] đã đưa ra một tổng quan toàn diện, nhấn mạnh vai trò then chốt của các nguồn protein thay thế trong việc xây dựng một ngành nuôi thủy sản bền vững tại châu Phi. (shrink)

In an era when environmental crises demand not only technical solutions but also fundamental shifts in societal values, creative works capable of engaging diverse audiences play a pivotal role in shaping environmental consciousness.

Du lịch sinh thái dựa vào cộng đồng (CBE) là một mô hình quan trọng thúc đẩy phát triển bền vững thông qua nâng cao nhận thức và bảo tồn tài nguyên thiên nhiên. Sử dụng lý thuyết Mindsponge làm khung phân tích, bài báo giải thích cách cộng đồng tiếp nhận hoặc từ chối thông tin mới dựa trên hệ giá trị và niềm tin cốt lõi, từ đó ảnh hưởng đến sự tham gia của họ trong các sáng (...) kiến CBE. Thành công của CBE phụ thuộc vào 3 yếu tố: khả năng tiếp cận thông tin minh bạch, động lực tham gia dựa trên lợi ích kinh tế và bảo tồn lâu dài, cùng năng lực địa phương trong quản lý nguồn lực. Cuối cùng, bài báo đề xuất các chiến lược quan trọng để thúc đẩy sự phát triển bền vững của CBE, bao gồm: nâng cao nhận thức thông qua truyền thông và giáo dục, xây dựng quỹ cộng đồng với cơ chế phân phối lợi ích minh bạch, tổ chức các khóa đào tạo kỹ năng, và khuyến khích sự tham gia công bằng của các nhóm yếu thế. Việc hợp tác giữa chính quyền, tổ chức phi chính phủ và cộng đồng địa phương được xác định là chìa khóa để xây dựng một mô hình CBE hiệu quả, vừa bảo tồn tài nguyên thiên nhiên, vừa duy trì giá trị văn hóa truyền thống. Những chiến lược này không chỉ thúc đẩy phát triển bền vững, mà còn góp phần tăng cường sự gắn kết xã hội và tạo ra giá trị lâu dài cho cộng đồng. (shrink)

Soil moisture—often overlooked in climate conversations—profoundly influences whether ecosystems store carbon or emit greenhouse gases. A comprehensive global review by Hao et al. (2025) reveals how finely tuned balances in soil water content shape the capacity of land to mitigate or exacerbate climate change.

Tourism plays an important role in Nha Trang’s economy, generating income and providing employment opportunities across various sectors. The city’s beautiful beaches, lively atmosphere, and rich cultural heritage make it a popular destination for both domestic and international visitors. As tourists spend money on accommodations, dining, transportation, and entertainment, they help support local businesses and contribute to economic growth.

In this paper, I consult with Google’s Gemini concerning the content of the article [1] produced with the help of openAI Deep Research. Then the exercise continues with article [2], which is written by a human researcher. When a new ingredient [3] is added to the party, we can also see how Gemini evaluates its usefulness to the previous analyses. Then, I move on to checking new changes in Gemini’s opinions when a third review, also by a human [4], is (...) introduced. Since all the questions are straightforward to understand, there is no need for me to make any substantial edits to Gemini’s. (shrink)

A recent study by Irimia et al. [2] reveals how Reynoutria japonica—commonly known as Japanese knotweed—alters its ecological strategy when invading new environments. Listed among the world’s worst invasive plants, this species causes significant ecological disruption across temperate zones in Europe and North America [3-5]. But what enables its success beyond its native range?

Thay vì xem con người là sinh vật tối cao, tách biệt khỏi thế giới tự nhiên, các truyền thuyết bản địa lại coi con người chỉ là một mắt xích trong mạng lưới sự sống đa dạng và rộng lớn. Cách tiếp cận này không chỉ thú vị mà còn chứa đựng những bài học sâu sắc về cách sống hòa hợp với môi trường.

The illegal wildlife trade remains a significant threat to global biodiversity, with Galápagos iguanas—charismatic reptiles endemic to Ecuador—becoming emblematic victims of a sophisticated international laundering scheme. A recent review by Auliya et al. (2025) published in Biological Conservation exposes how the regulatory framework of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) is being manipulated to legitimize the illicit trade of these protected species. Although all four iguana species have been listed in Appendix II (...) of CITES since 1975, traffickers are exploiting loopholes by falsely declaring wild-caught Galápagos iguanas as captive-bred, thereby securing export permits from CITES Parties. (shrink)

Adélie penguins (Pygoscelis adeliae), a keystone species of the Antarctic Peninsula, are experiencing a dramatic population decline. A recent study by Cimino et al. (2025), published in Landscape Ecology, presents compelling evidence that long-term changes in snow accumulation—driven by prevailing wind patterns and island geomorphology—are a critical yet underappreciated driver of these declines.

In nature, cooperation between species—known as mutualism—is fundamental to sustaining biodiversity. Whether it is bees pollinating flowers or fungi nourishing plant roots, these mutually beneficial relationships underpin the functioning and resilience of ecosystems. Yet, as Aizen and Torres (2024) reveal, the global spread of invasive species is closely linked to these very interactions: invaders both depend on mutualisms and often disrupt them.

Kể từ khi thú chơi cá cảnh ra đời, con người đã bị cuốn hút bởi vẻ đẹp và sự đa dạng của đời sống thủy sinh.

Cross-border tourism, which involves travel across international boundaries, plays a crucial role in fostering economic growth, cultural exchange, and regional cooperation. However, it also presents unique challenges, including regulatory discrepancies, infrastructure disparities, and economic policies that impact tourism flows. Addressing these issues effectively can enhance the benefits of cross-border tourism while mitigating its limitations.

Sustainability has become a pivotal issue in global finance, shaping investment decisions across sectors. However, skepticism remains: do financiers genuinely prioritize sustainability, or is it merely a strategic response to evolving market trends and regulatory pressures? Recent research presents a nuanced view. While sustainability has attracted substantial investor interest, the motivations behind these investments are not always clear-cut. A study by Hartzmark and Sussman found that mutual funds with high sustainability ratings experienced significant inflows, exceeding $24 billion, whereas those rated (...) as low sustainability faced outflows of more than $12 billion. This suggests that investors perceive sustainability positively, often associating it with lower risk and higher long-term returns. However, empirical data reveal no consistent correlation between sustainability ratings and financial outperformance, indicating that investor enthusiasm may be driven more by non-financial motives than by purely rational economic expectations. (shrink)

Cũng không khó để nhận thấy, hành trình này liên quan tới “serendipity” và xử lý thông tin.

Ngành công nghiệp thời trang, đặc biệt là thời trang nhanh, là một tác nhân chính gây ra các thách thức môi trường toàn cầu, với tác động lan rộng từ phát thải carbon, tiêu thụ nước đến ô nhiễm vi nhựa. Mặc dù có giá trị kinh tế ước tính 1,3 nghìn tỷ đô la Mỹ và tạo việc làm cho hơn 300 triệu người trên toàn thế giới, chi phí môi trường của nó lại vô cùng lớn.

Phylogenetic comparative methods (PCMs) are transforming how scientists study the evolution of traits by integrating statistical tools with evolutionary theory.

Photosynthesis, the fundamental process sustaining life on Earth, is facing unprecedented threats from two converging crises: microplastic pollution and climate change. These environmental stressors not only disrupt ecosystems but also jeopardize global food security, biodiversity, and the delicate balance of the planet’s carbon cycle.

As ocean temperatures rise and marine heatwaves become more frequent, coral reefs—among the most biodiverse ecosystems on Earth—face existential threats. Mass bleaching events, driven by thermal stress, disrupt the symbiotic relationship between corals and their algal partners, often resulting in coral mortality. However, not all corals perish. A study published in Communications Earth & Environment sheds light on the molecular and microbial mechanisms that distinguish resilient corals from those that succumb to heat stress.

The global race for scientific supremacy is more than a geopolitical contest; it is a test of humanity’s ability to use finite resources wisely. Europe’s FP10, Asia’s rapid R&D growth, and the shifting priorities of the United States each offer lessons in both opportunities and pitfalls. As emerging economies navigate this complex landscape, the focus must remain on maximizing effectiveness and efficiency in science investments. Ultimately, the question is not only about how much we invest in science but also how (...) intelligently we do so. Science must lead by example, proving its capacity to innovate its own processes while addressing humanity’s most pressing challenges. Only then can we ensure that finite resources yield infinite possibilities. (shrink)

Conservation efforts are often perceived as competing with economic or social priorities. However, new research by de Wit et al. [2] challenges this zero-sum view by showing that conserving species like bats delivers wide-ranging co-benefits for people and the planet. This study highlights how species-level conservation aligns with global sustainability goals, notably the Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF) and the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (UNSDGs).

Trong thời đại đô thị hóa nhanh chóng, việc đạt được sự yên bình và thư thái tinh thần trong môi trường thành phố thường có vẻ ngoài tầm với. Một nghiên cứu gần đây của Thụy Sĩ do García-Martín và cộng sự (2025) thực hiện đã giải quyết mối quan tâm này bằng cách điều tra xem không gian xanh và tiếng ồn giao thông đường bộ ảnh hưởng như thế nào đến sự phục hồi tâm lý—quá trình mà (...) các cá nhân phục hồi sau căng thẳng và mệt mỏi tinh thần. (shrink)

Food waste and food insecurity represent two of the most enduring and paradoxical challenges facing humanity today. On one hand, nearly 17% of all food produced globally goes to waste each year, resulting not only in substantial economic losses but also in considerable environmental harm due to greenhouse gas emissions from production, transport, and disposal. On the other hand, more than 350 million people worldwide suffer from severe food insecurity, a crisis that has deepened in the wake of the COVID-19 (...) pandemic. Bridging this troubling divide, Food Sharing Platforms (FSPs) have emerged as digital intermediaries that facilitate the redistribution of surplus food from businesses and individuals to those in need. (shrink)

Butterflies, long admired for their beauty, are also vital indicators of ecological well-being. A recent global study by Pinkert et al. (2025) offers the most extensive assessment to date of butterfly biodiversity and uncovers a troubling reality: the greatest concentrations of butterfly diversity are found in tropical and subtropical mountain regions—ecosystems now particularly vulnerable to the impacts of climate change.

Biodiversity continues to decline at an alarming pace, yet public financial investments overwhelmingly support activities that exacerbate this loss rather than reverse it. A recent study by Selomane et al. (2025) reveals a critical misalignment between national and international public finance allocations and the biodiversity conservation targets set by global agreements such as the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF).

Âm nhạc không chỉ là giải trí—nó là sợi chỉ văn hóa quan trọng, là biểu hiện sống động của bản sắc cộng đồng và động lực mạnh mẽ trong phát triển du lịch.

Nông nghiệp hữu cơ tái tạo (Regenerative Organic Agriculture - ROAg) đang ngày càng được công nhận như một giải pháp khả thi...

As climate change accelerates, critical energy infrastructure is facing escalating threats. Electric power grids—integral to healthcare, communication, and water systems—are increasingly exposed to extreme weather events such as windstorms, floods, heatwaves, and wildfires. In a comprehensive review, Karagiannakis et al. [2] emphasize the need for improved fragility models to assess infrastructure vulnerability and inform climate adaptation strategies accurately.

A central question in ecology is how species are distributed across space and time. In a recent study, Shipley and Saupe [2] investigated the relationship between regional species richness (the number of species present in an area) and regional occupancy (how widely each species occurs within that area). Surprisingly, their findings reveal a consistent, negative relationship: regions with higher biodiversity tend to have fewer species that are broadly distributed.

Understanding Mars’s surface history depends on reading the scars left by ancient impacts. These craters act like a cosmic clock, helping scientists estimate the ages of different landscapes. However, a peculiar subclass known as self-secondaries—craters formed by debris from the initial impact falling back into its own ejecta—has posed a challenge for interpreting crater-based age estimates.

As climate change accelerates, so too does the risk of wildfires. Rising temperatures and prolonged droughts have transformed many landscapes into highly flammable environments. In response to this growing threat, a recent study by Hashida et al. (2025) highlights a proactive and promising adaptation strategy: prescribed fires, also known as controlled burns.

In recent years, sustainability has extended beyond corporate boardrooms to reshape day-to-day business operations as companies increasingly confront pressing challenges such as climate change, social inequality, and ethical governance. While much of the discourse has centered on large, publicly listed corporations, a crucial segment of the business landscape—smaller, privately owned, or unlisted firms—has remained relatively overlooked. This is despite the fact that unlisted firms account for more than half of the global workforce and nearly two-thirds of all businesses worldwide. A (...) recent study by Rasool et al. (2025) addresses this gap by examining how unlisted firms in Eastern Europe and Central Asia (EECA) engage with sustainable practices, formally referred to as Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) activities. (shrink)