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  1. ‘Utilitarian’ judgments in sacrificial moral dilemmas do not reflect impartial concern for the greater good.Guy Kahane, Jim Everett, Brian Earp, Miguel Farias & Julian Savulescu - 2015 - Cognition 134 (C):193-209.
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  • The grammar of the essential indexical.T. Martin & W. Hinzen - unknown
    Like proper names, demonstratives, and definite descriptions, pronouns have referential uses. These can be 'essentially indexical' in the sense that they cannot be replaced by non-pronominal forms of reference. Here we show that the grammar of pronouns in such occurrences is systematically different from that of other referential expressions, in a way that illuminates the differences in reference in question. We specifically illustrate, in the domain of Romance clitics and pronouns, a hierarchy of referentiality, as related to the topology of (...)
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  • The use of antithesis and other contrastive relations in argumentation.Nancy L. Green - 2023 - Argument and Computation 14 (1):1-16.
    This paper presents a study of use of the rhetorical figure of antithesis and other contrastive relations in several modern-day environmental science policy journal articles on issues of food security, climate change, and water resource management. The articles present the conflicting perspectives of environmentalists and engineers, i.e., the view that nature should be preserved and protected versus the view that it should be engineered to solve human problems. The main contribution of this paper is a taxonomy characterizing argumentative uses of (...)
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  • Fluctuating capacity and advanced decision making – self-binding directives and self-determination’.Tania Gergel & Gareth Owen - 2015 - International Journal of Law and Psychiatry 105 (40):92-101.
    For people with Bipolar Affective Disorder, a self-binding (advance) directive (SBD), by which they commit themselves to treatment during future episodes of mania, even if unwilling, can seem the most rational way to deal with an imperfect predicament. Knowing that mania will almost certainly cause enormous damage to themselves, their preferred solution may well be to allow trusted others to enforce treatment and constraint, traumatic though this may be. No adequate provision exists for drafting a truly effective SBD and efforts (...)
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  • Towards the entropy-limit conjecture.Jürgen Landes, Soroush Rafiee Rad & Jon Williamson - 2020 - Annals of Pure and Applied Logic 172 (2):102870.
    The maximum entropy principle is widely used to determine non-committal probabilities on a finite domain, subject to a set of constraints, but its application to continuous domains is notoriously problematic. This paper concerns an intermediate case, where the domain is a first-order predicate language. Two strategies have been put forward for applying the maximum entropy principle on such a domain: applying it to finite sublanguages and taking the pointwise limit of the resulting probabilities as the size n of the sublanguage (...)
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  • Evaluative polarity words in risky choice framing.Annika Wallin, Carita Paradis & Katsikopoulos Konstantinos - 2016 - Journal of Pragmatics 106:20-38.
    This article is concerned with how we make decisions based on how problems are presented to us and the effect that the framing of the problem might have on our choices. Current philosophical and psychological accounts of the framing effect in experiments such as the Asian Disease Problem concern reference points and domains. We question the importance of reference points and domains. Instead, we adopt a linguistic perspective focussing on the role of the evaluative polarity evoked by the words - (...)
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  • Omnipresent Maxwell’s demons orchestrate information management in living cells.Antoine Danchin Gregory Boel, Olivier Danot, Victor de Lorenzo & Antoine Danchin - 2019 - Microbial Biotechnology 12 (2):210-242.
    The development of synthetic biology calls for accurate understanding of the critical functions that allow construction and operation of a living cell. Besides coding for ubiquitous structures, minimal genomes encode a wealth of functions that dissipate energy in an unanticipated way. Analysis of these functions shows that they are meant to manage information under conditions when discrimination of substrates in a noisy background is preferred over a simple recognition process. We show here that many of these functions, including transporters and (...)
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  • Understanding Perception of Time in Terms of Perception of Change.Michal Klincewicz - 2014 - Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 126:58-63.
    In this paper, I offer an account of the dependence relation between perception of change and the subjective flow of time that is consistent with some extant empirical evidence from priming by unconscious change. This view is inspired by the one offered by William James, but it is articulated in the framework of contemporary functionalist accounts of mental qualities and higher-order theories of consciousness. An additional advantage of this account of the relationship between perception of change and subjective time is (...)
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  • Reasons Internalism and the Function of Normative Reasons.Neil Sinclair - 2017 - Dialectica 71 (2):209-229.
    What is the connection between reasons and motives? According to Reasons Internalism there is a non-trivial conceptual connection between normative reasons and the possibility of rationally accessing relevant motivation. Reasons Internalism is attractive insofar as it captures the thought that reasons are for reasoning with and repulsive insofar as it fails to generate sufficient critical distance between reasons and motives. Rather than directly adjudicate this dispute, I extract from it two generally accepted desiderata on theories of normative reasons and argue (...)
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  • Evaluating Art Morally.Elisabeth Schellekens - 2020 - Theoria 86 (6):843-858.
    What is the value of art? Standard responses draw on the different kinds of value that we tend to ascribe to individual artworks. In that context, none have been more significant than aesthetic value and moral value. To understand what makes an artwork valuable we then need to examine the interaction between these two kinds of value and how this contributes to the artwork's final value. The main aim of this article is to highlight two areas of concern for interaction (...)
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  • Climate change, values, and the cultural cognition thesis.Johannes Persson, Nils-Eric Sahlin & Annika Wallin - 2015 - Environmental Science and Policy 52 (1-5).
    Recently the importance of addressing values in discussions of risk perception and adaptation to climate change has become manifest. Values-based approaches to climate change adaptation and the cultural cognition thesis both illustrate this trend. We argue that in the wake of this development it is necessary to take the dynamic relationship between values and beliefs seriously, to acknowledge the possibility of bi-directional relationships between values and beliefs, and to address the variety of values involved. The dynamic relationship between values and (...)
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  • Superpositions of the cosmological constant allow for singularity resolution and unitary evolution in quantum cosmology.Sean Gryb & Karim P. Y. Thébault - unknown
    A novel approach to quantization is shown to allow for superpositions of the cosmological constant in isotropic and homogeneous mini-superspace models. Generic solutions featuring such superpositions display: i) a unitary evolution equation; ii) singularity resolution; iii) a cosmic bounce. Explicit cosmological solutions are constructed. These exhibit characteristic bounce features including a ‘super-inflation’ regime with universal phenomenology that can naturally be made to be insensitive to Planck-scale physics.
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  • In the attraction, compromise, and similarity effects, alternatives are repeatedly compared in pairs on single dimensions.Takao Noguchi & Neil Stewart - 2014 - Cognition 132 (1):44-56.
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  • Belief-based action prediction in preverbal infants.Victoria Southgate & Angelina Vernetti - 2014 - Cognition 130 (1):1-10.
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  • Biases in preferences for sequences of outcomes in monkeys.Tommy C. Blanchard, Lauren S. Wolfe, Ivo Vlaev, Joel S. Winston & Benjamin Y. Hayden - 2014 - Cognition 130 (3):289-299.
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  • Spatiotemporal neuroscience – what is it and why we need it.Georg Northoff, Soren Wainio-Theberge & Kathinka Evers - 2020 - Physics of Life Reviews 33:78-87.
    The excellent commentaries to our target paper hint upon three main issues, spatiotemporal neuroscience; neuro-mental relationship; and mind, brain, and world relationship. We therefore discuss briefly the history of Spatiotemporal Neuroscience. Distinguishing it from Cognitive Neuroscience and related branches, Spatiotemporal Neuroscience can be characterized by focus on brain activity, spatiotemporal relationship, and structure. Taken in this sense, Spatiotemporal Neuro-science allows one to conceive the neuro-mental relationship in dynamic spatiotemporal terms that complement and extend their cognitive characterization. Finally, more philosophical issues (...)
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  • Philosophy of climate science part I: observing climate change.Roman Frigg, Erica Thompson & Charlotte Werndl - 2015 - Philosophy Compass 10 (12):953-964.
    This is the first of three parts of an introduction to the philosophy of climate science. In this first part about observing climate change, the topics of definitions of climate and climate change, data sets and data models, detection of climate change, and attribution of climate change will be discussed.
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  • Subliminal action priming modulates the perceived intensity of sensory action consequences.Max-Philipp Stenner, Markus Bauer, Nura Sidarus, Hans-Jochen Heinze, Patrick Haggard & Raymond J. Dolan - 2014 - Cognition 130 (2):227-235.
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  • Students’ Acceptance of Technology-Mediated Teaching – How It Was Influenced During the COVID-19 Pandemic in 2020: A Study From Germany. [REVIEW]Gergana Vladova, André Ullrich, Benedict Bender & Norbert Gronau - 2021 - Frontiers in Psychology 12:636086.
    In response to the impending spread of COVID-19, universities worldwide abruptly stopped face-to-face teaching and switched to technology-mediated teaching. As a result, the use of technology in the learning processes of students of different disciplines became essential and the only way to teach, communicate and collaborate for months. In this crisis context, we conducted a longitudinal study in four German universities, in which we collected a total of 875 responses from students of information systems and music and arts at four (...)
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  • On measuring attitudes about payment for research.Luke Gelinas - 2020 - Journal of Medical Ethics 46 (12):833-834.
    Significant attention has been given both to the ethics of Controlled Human Infection Model research and the ethics of payment for research participation. However, comparatively little attention has been given to the ethics of paying for participation specifically in CHIM research. Grimwade et al should be commended for thoughtfully addressing this topic and especially for the empirical data collection informing their work, which is too often lacking in discussions of payment for research participation. In what follows I will discuss three (...)
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  • Where is the wisdom? I – A conceptual history of evidence‐based medicine.Peter C. Wyer & Suzana A. Silva - 2009 - Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice 15 (6):891-898.
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  • Fixed-parameter decidability: Extending parameterized complexity analysis.Jouke Witteveen & Leen Torenvliet - 2016 - Mathematical Logic Quarterly 62 (6):596-607.
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  • Carry on winning: The gamblers’ fallacy creates hot hand effects in online gambling.Juemin Xu & Nigel Harvey - 2014 - Cognition 131 (2):173-180.
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  • Competition strength influences individual preferences in an auction game.Ulf Toelch, Esperanza Jubera-Garcia, Zeb Kurth-Nelson & Raymond J. Dolan - 2014 - Cognition 133 (2):480-487.
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  • Are Future Psychologists Willing to Accept and Use a Humanoid Robot in Their Practice? Italian and English Students’ Perspective.Daniela Conti, Allegra Cattani, Santo Di Nuovo & Alessandro Di Nuovo - 2019 - Frontiers in Psychology 10.
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  • What’s the meaning of the concept of caring? : a meta-synthesis.Lovisa Sebrant & Mats Jong - forthcoming - Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences (2):353-365.
    Background: Registered Nurses are expected to have acquired knowledge about the fundamental concepts within nursing science throughout their training and clinical work. However, the terminology and the concept of caring are debated; therefore, there is a need for a continuous critical investigation of scientific concepts within the area of nursing. Objectives: To illuminate nurses’ perception about the meaning of the scientific concept of caring. Design: A qualitative systematic literature search was performed that subsequently underwent a descriptive meta-synthesis in line with (...)
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  • Oculomotor preparation as a rehearsal mechanism in spatial working memory.David G. Pearson, Keira Ball & Daniel T. Smith - 2014 - Cognition 132 (3):416-428.
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  • Conclusiveness resolves the conflict between quality of evidence and imprecision in GRADE.Sten Anttila, Johannes Persson, Niklas Vareman & Nils-Eric Sahlin - 2016 - Journal of Clinical Epidemiology 75:1-5.
    The objective of our article is to show how “quality of evidence” and “imprecision,” as they are defined in Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation articles, may lead to confusion. We focus only on the context of systematic reviews.
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