Should we regret the fact that we are often more emotionally resilient in response to the deaths of our loved ones than we might expect -- that the suffering associated with grief often dissipates more quickly and more fully than we anticipate? Dan Moller ("Love and Death") argues that we should, because this resilience epistemically severs us from our loved ones and thereby "deprives us of insight into our own condition." I argue that Moller's conclusion is correct despite resting (...) on a mistaken picture of the nature and significance of grief. Unlike Moller, I contend that grief is a composite emotional process, rather than a single mental state; that grief is a species of emotional attention rather than perception; and that grief is a form of activity directed at placing our relationships with the deceased on new terms. It is precisely because grief has these three features that it facilitates the scrutiny of our practical identities and thus fosters self-knowledge and self-understanding. (shrink)

Summarizing the historical background and characteristics of the present, it should be noted that they are significantly different from the characteristics of the world where past generations lived, which undoubtedly poses new challenges for the human ability to withstand the growing pressure of stress factors. The article considers the problems of psychological resilience and fragility in terms of Existential-analytical psychotherapy of V. Frankl and A. Langle, analyzes the historical context of the present-day Ukraine, external and internal characteristics of the (...) modern world, identifies the role of personality in overcoming negative stress influences, proposes a therapeutic model of optimization of psychological resilience in the context of four fundamental existential motivations. The analysis of recent research indicates that the most important resource of psychological resilience lies on the personal level. Using the Existential-Analytical concept of personality structure (Dr. A. Leangle), the article analyzes the preconditions of the emergence of a threat to loss of integrity in each of the four fundamental existential dimensions. On the other hand, stability is ensured by the full realization of being in the following existential dimensions: relations with the world, which requires space, protection, and support; a relationship with life, a deep feeling that life is good; interconnection with oneself, awareness and respect for their own authenticity and uniqueness, which requires honest and attentive attitudes, recognition of their own values; relationships with the meaning -- awareness of the value and potential of one’s own live, the search for the ways to realize its meaningful integrity. (shrink)

The primary aim of this paper is to argue that the value of understanding derives in part from a kind of subjective stability of belief that we call epistemic resilience. We think that this feature of understanding has been overlooked by recent work, and we think it’s especially important to the value of understanding for social cognitive agents such as us. We approach the concept of epistemic resilience via the idea of the experience of epistemic ownership and argue (...) that the former concept has Platonic pedigree. Contrary to longstanding exegetical tradition, we think that Plato solves the “Meno problem” with an appeal to the epistemic resilience characteristic of understanding, not the well-groundedness characteristic of canonical cases of propositional knowledge. Finally, we apply our discussion to the case of science outreach and the challenge of global warming skepticism and conclude with directions for future research. (shrink)

Ensuring cloud resiliency through engineering is essential for maintaining high availability, fault tolerance, and disaster recovery within contemporary cloud infrastructures. As more businesses move towards multi - cloud environments, maintaining system reliability and efficiency while also controlling costs takes centre stage. This study delves into optimal strategies for bolstering cloud reliability via automated failover systems, real - time data duplication, load distribution, and self - restoring networks. The analysis focuses on strategies for disaster recovery, cost - effective resource management, and (...) enhancing security resilience to minimize potential risks. The report draws attention to the difficulties involved in integrating multiple cloud systems, maintaining data consistency, and dealing with cyber threats. It also explores the development of new technologies like AI - powered automation, edge computing, and predictive analytics for identifying potential failures. The study offers valuable insights into how to optimally configure cloud infrastructure to achieve the highest levels of efficiency and dependability. Future developments in autonomous cloud systems, quantum encryption, and eco - friendly computing models to enhance cloud robustness. This paper provides a detailed guide for companies seeking to construct reliable cloud infrastructure that maintains operational stability and reduces the frequency of service interruptions. (shrink)

The growing demand for energy in urban environments, coupled with the urgent need to reduce carbon emissions, necessitates innovative approaches to power generation, distribution, and consumption. Artificial Intelligence (AI)-driven smart grids offer a transformative solution by optimizing energy efficiency, integrating renewable resources, and ensuring grid stability. This paper explores how machine learning and IoT-enabled predictive analytics can enhance smart grid performance in urban areas. By addressing challenges such as demand forecasting, load balancing, and renewable energy intermittency, this study demonstrates the (...) potential of AI to revolutionize sustainable energy management. Experimental results highlight improvements in grid reliability, cost reduction, and carbon footprint minimization, paving the way for resilient and eco-friendly urban energy systems. (shrink)

In this short essay, we sketch a theory of faith that features resilience in the face of challenges to relying on those in whom you have faith. We argue that it handles a variety of both religious and secular faith-data, e.g., the value of faith in relationships of mutual faith and faithfulness, how the Christian and Hebrew scriptures portray pístis and ʾĕmûnāh, and the character of faith as it is often expressed in popular secular venues.

In this article, I analyse the legal practice of Finnish legislative emergency preparation and its principles. In approaching the principles of legislative emergency preparation, a distinction is made between the role that law takes in promoting the resilience of society and the resilience of the legal system itself. By differentiating societal and legal resilience, the article approaches legislative emergency preparation as something that includes both forms of resilience and objectives specific to them. My research question concerns (...) how recent Finnish legislation on responding and preventing hybrid threats affects the balance between these two types of objectives. To approach this phenomenon, I define two temporal principles of emergency governance: the temporal limits of the state of emergency and the temporal distinctiveness of the state of normalcy and emergency. I argue that recent legislation, in which concerns of societal resilience tend to enjoy preference, contradict these two temporal principles. (shrink)

In this paper, we engage with the question of the normative content of the resilience concept. The issues are approached in two consecutive steps. First, we proceed from a narrow construal of the resilience concept – as the ability of a system to absorb a disturbance – and show that under an analysis of normative concepts as evaluative concepts resilience comes out as descriptive. In the second part of the paper, we argue that (1) for systems of (...) interest (primarily social systems or system with a social component) we seem to have options with respect to how they are described and (2) that this matters for what is to be taken as a sign of resilience as opposed to a sign of the lack of resilience for such systems. We discuss the implications of this for how the concept should be applied in practice and suggest that users of the resilience concept face a choice between versions of the concept that are either ontologically or normatively charged. (shrink)

While resilience is a major concept in development, climate adaptation, and related domains, many doubts remain about how to interpret this term, its relationship with closely overlapping terms, or its normativity. One major view is that, while resilience originally was a descriptive concept denoting some adaptive property of ecosystems, subsequent applications to social contexts distorted its meaning and purpose by framing it as a transformative and normative quality. This article advances an alternative philosophical account based on the scrutiny (...) of C.S. Holling’s original work on resilience. We show that resilience had a central role among Holling’s proposals for reforming environmental science and management, and that Holling framed resilience as an ecosystem’s capacity of absorbing change and exploiting it for adapting or evolving, but also as the social ability of maintaining and opportunistically exploiting that natural capacity. Resilience therefore appears as a transformative social-ecological property that is normative in three ways: as an intrinsic ecological value, as a virtue of organizations or management styles, and as a virtuous understanding of human–nature relations. This interpretation accounts for the practical relevance of resilience, clarifies the relations between resilience and related terms, and is a firm ground for further normative work on resilience. (shrink)

Community resilience, a system’s ability to maintain its essential functions despite disturbance, is a cornerstone of public health preparedness. However, as currently practiced, community resilience generally focuses on defined neighborhood characteristics to describe factors such as vulnerability or social capital. This ignores the way that residents of some neighborhoods (as ‘essential workers’’) were required during the COVID-19 pandemic to sacrifice their wellbeing for the sake of others staying at home in more affluent neighborhoods. Using the global care chain (...) theory, we analyze the way that the resilience of affluent neighborhoods depends on siphoning off the labor of other, less affluent neighborhoods, creating what we call the parasitic nature of resilience. We argue that understanding this neighborhood interdependence—and accounting for its parasitic nature— should be prioritized by public health authorities to prevent unintentional harm in future pandemics. Otherwise, any public health emergency response that relies on this labor (as did the COVID-19 pandemic response) depends on exploitative practices that produce the very disparities the response is trying to address. We explore the theoretical grounding and practical effects of this idea to provide the preparedness enterprise with an initial set of theoretical tools to move from a model of community resilience to one of community renewal. The community renewal model is based on an underlying ethics of care, in which systems are redesigned to become more prosocial during a public health response. We believe this model can more successfully address the tragic inequities in labor and health outcomes that we see during public health emergencies. (shrink)

Today, resilience is used in many societal contexts for understanding how things respond to risks and for improving their performance in this regard, having also become a prominent approach for adapting to climate change. Yet, despite the broad appeal of resilience and resilience-based approaches within and outside academia, there are persisting puzzles about how to interpret resilience, its relation to competing concepts and approaches, or its desirability. Some proponents of resilience advise caution with the normative (...) use of the term, noting that resilience is a purely descriptive and ambivalent quality, which can be good in some circumstances but not in others. Critics have also noted that resilience approaches can be technocratic and that they tend to conceal the needs and vulnerabilities of the poor. -/- These examples demonstrate the need for reflecting on the status and significance of a term that is so widely used in academia and across the science-policy divide, but whose meaning and value are so fiercely disputed. Given that resilience is already informing many large-scale and significant societal efforts, they also raise the need to ask under which conditions such efforts could be just. -/- This work uses philosophical perspectives from ethics, metaethics and justice theory for revisiting recent debates on the meaning and normative status of this concept, with special emphasis on understanding the normative guidance that diverse interpretations of resilience can offer and disclosing the implications that this may have for achieving justice in and through resilience-based interventions. (shrink)

This article asks whether resilience is a normative term, and answers this question in the affirmative. I start by explaining two arguments that have been offered in favour of the ‘resilience-as-descriptive’ thesis (RD). Then I criticize this view by advancing five reasons why resilience should be considered a normative term (RN).

Most studies on entrepreneurship have highlighted the relative importance of a conducive environment for the development of entrepreneurship. This notwithstanding, entrepreneurship has been noted to thrive even under the most adverse conditions, such as during economic, social and political instabilities. Using resilience as the propensity to bounce back after adversity and xenophobia, crime, unhealthy competition, etc. as correlates of adversity or an unconducive business environment, this paper investigated the preponderance of Somali grocery shops in South African township despite the (...) perceived hostility of the business environment. Anchored on the qualitative research approach, a purposive sample of 13 participants provided the required data for analysis. Specifically, the data collection took the form of focus group interviews in which two groups of 6 and 7 informants were purposively selected to be part of the interviews. Prominent in the results was the fact that almost all the current Somali grocery shops in the study area have been victims of crime and theft. Furthermore, virtually all the Somali grocery shops that were victimized during the xenophobic outburst have since re-opened. The foregoing themes of resilience and adversity unmistakably indicate the propensity of Somali grocery shop owners’ ability to bounce back. As to what township entrepreneurs worry or fear most, clearly, the fear of the re-occurrence of the xenophobic attacks surpassed that of burglary, theft and death. As to what fuels Somali’s persistence and preponderance in townships, both push and pull factors were reported. Reporting on risk aversion, it was noted that most of the founders (here referred to as an entrepreneur) are not actively involved in running the shops. They simply recruit others to do the job on their behalf. Under this circumstance, the risk is limited to financial risk. This approach is quite different for other African immigrants in the same township. -/- . (shrink)

The learning process of both students and teachers can be predicted based on the learning mode. Therefore, because of the COVID-19 pandemic, schools must start using online learning and abandon more traditional teaching techniques. Thus, this study investigates the relationship between self-efficacy and academic resilience among 150 senior high school students. Thus, the researchers employed General Self-Efficacy and Resilience Scale. Finally, the statistical analysis reveals that the r coefficient of 0.78 indicates a high positive correlation between the variables. (...) The p-value of 0.00, which is less than 0.05, leads to the decision to reject the null hypothesis. Hence, a significant relationship exists between self-efficacy and resilience among senior high school students. (shrink)

With quantum computing nearing practical implementation in 2025, concerns over the vulnerability of classical cryptographic algorithms in cloud networking have intensified. This research addresses the urgent need for quantum-resilient communication protocols in federated and multi-tenant cloud environments. The study explores the integration of post-quantum cryptography (PQC) into cloud-native networking layers, focusing on protocols such as TLS 1.3, IPsec, and gRPC. It also investigates the performance trade-offs, key management challenges, and compliance implications of transitioning to PQC in large-scale, geographically distributed cloud (...) systems. A hybrid implementation model is proposed, blending classical and quantum-safe algorithms to ensure forward secrecy and interoperability during the migration phase. Experimental results suggest that lattice-based and hash-based key exchange mechanisms can be integrated into existing protocols with acceptable performance overhead and minimal disruption. (shrink)

Through a combination of Guidewire platforms, cloud computing and cybersecurity frameworks, the insurance industry in miniature is being transformed into a digitally transformed, ever resilient ecosystem. This ecosystem enables insurers to modernize core operations of policy management, claims processing and billing while continuing to provide secure, scalable and efficient service delivery. Insurers using cloud infrastructure have elastic resources capable of scaling to meet dynamic workloads and can provide high availability and fast disaster recovery. They have liberated data analytics to run (...) on the cloud with advanced capabilities to churn out actionable insights to optimize operations and create personalized offerings for their customers. Sensitive customer data and important systems are securely protected from cyber security threats by a robust cybersecurity layer, which includes data encryption, controls access, and detects threats proactively. Integration and cloud adoption challenges like costly implementation, cybersecurity risk and legacy system migration will be handled by deft and effective strategies such as phased adoption, workforce upskilling and adoption of a zero-trust security model. Within operational efficiency, stronger resilience and innovative business models enabled, i.e. behavior-based insurance pricing through IoT and real time analytics, are the opportunities. However, moisture and regulatory complexity can be barriers to change, and investments in modern technology, workforce development, and partnerships with insurtech and cybersecurity experts can enable insurers to survive and thrive in a more competitive, digital-first landscape. This convergence engenders customer trust, unlocks its operational agility and ensures compliance with changing requirements, thereby enabling insurers to sustain their growth, build resilience and rival digital transformation. (shrink)

Although Professor Schiffer and I have many times disagreed, I share his deep and abiding commitment to argument as a primary philosophical tool. Regretting any communication failure that has occurred, I endeavor here to make clearer my earlier reply in “Illogical Belief” to Schiffer’s alleged problem for my version of Millianism.1 I shall be skeletal, however; the interested reader is encouraged to turn to “Illogical Belief” for detail and elaboration. I have argued that to bear a propositional attitude de re (...) is to bear that attitude toward the corresponding singular proposition, no more and no less. If this is right, then according to Millianism every instance of the following modal schema is true. (shrink)

Urban resilience is critical for ensuring the sustainability and adaptability of cities in the face of growing challenges such as climate change, population growth, and infrastructure degradation. Predictive analytics, powered by Artificial Intelligence (AI) and the Internet of Things (IoT), offers a transformative approach to enhancing urban resilience. This paper explores how AI-driven predictive analytics can optimize disaster preparedness, infrastructure maintenance, and resource allocation in smart cities. By integrating real-time data from IoT sensors with advanced machine learning models, (...) cities can proactively address vulnerabilities and improve decision-making. This study highlights key applications, challenges, and future directions for leveraging predictive analytics to build resilient urban ecosystems. (shrink)

Many philosophers accept with certainty that we are morally responsible but take it to be an open question whether determinism holds. They treat determinism as epistemically compatible with responsibility. Should one who accepts this form of epistemic compatibilism also hold that determinism is metaphysically compatible with responsibility—that it is metaphysically possible for determinism and responsibility to coexist? John Martin Fischer gives two arguments that appear to favor an affirmative answer to this question. He argues that accounts of responsibility, such as (...) his, that are neutral with respect to whether responsible actions are determined have a "resiliency" that counts in their favor. Furthermore, he criticizes libertarians who argue on a priori grounds that determinism cannot coexist with responsibility and who admit that they would retract their argument if determinism were shown to hold; this "metaphysical flip-flopping" is said to render their positions implausible. I assess the merits of these arguments. (shrink)

From a nonideal justice perspective, this article investigates liability and compensation intheir wider theoretical context to better understand the governance of climate loss anddamage under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change(UNFCCC). The usual rationale for considering compensation takes a backward-looking understanding of responsibility. It links those causing harm directly to its remedy. Thisarticle shows that, under current political circumstances, it is more reasonable to understandresponsibility as a forward-looking concept and thus to differentiate responsibilitieson grounds of capacity and solidarity. (...) The article argues that loss and damage entitlementsinUNFCCCgovernance should be understood as entitlements to a threshold of capabilitiesfor resilience. While compensation merely means redressing the situation ex ante a threat,entitlements to capabilities for resilience can entail more demanding responsibilities ofsupport. This means that Article 8 of the Paris Agreement has much more demandingimplications than it might at first appear. (shrink)

This article investigates the critical role of domain knowledge in enhancing the effectiveness and accuracy of data analysis across various industries. Through a comprehensive examination of case studies in finance, healthcare, and retail sectors, we demonstrate how industry-specific expertise significantly improves data interpretation, metric selection, and the derivation of actionable insights. The article highlights the synergistic relationship between technical, analytical skills and a deep understanding of industry contexts, revealing that domain experts are better positioned to identify meaningful patterns, develop accurate (...) predictive models, and generate more relevant insights for stakeholders. We provide practical strategies for data analysts to acquire and integrate domain knowledge into their analytical practices, including collaboration with subject matter experts, targeted industry research, and participation in sector-specific training. The article also explores challenges such as potential biases, balancing generalist and specialist skills, and keeping pace with rapidly evolving industries. Furthermore, we examine future directions, including the role of AI and machine learning in augmenting domain expertise and the emergence of new interdisciplinary approaches and industry-specific tools. Our findings have significant implications for both aspiring data analysts seeking to specialize in specific industries and organizations aiming to optimize their analytical capabilities in an increasingly complex data landscape. (shrink)

Climate change presents the agricultural and agro-industrial sectors with formidable challenges in meeting the food demands of the world population. What could be the role of those agricultural productions with no or negligible nutritional value but high economic value, like floriculture and wine production? We look at the case of the wine industry and the role it may play in an agro-industrial sector that needs to tackle the challenge of feeding the world under climate change circumstances. The wine industry may (...) be accused of competing with other more important agricultural products for land, water (at least in some countries), fertilisers, etc. while producing a luxury product with limited nutritional value, as well as producing considerable GHG emission per bottle (including the various stages of farming, winemaking and marketing). Yet, viticulture and winemaking may contribute to the resilience of local agricultural systems and provide inspiring examples, know-how and capital resources. The wine sector has a deep connection with locality, is considerably vulnerable to global warming and has repeatedly shown the capacity to be a fly-wheel for the local economy and its agricultural and tourist sector. These features may be important assets in boosting the resilience of local agricultural systems under global warming stress. I put forward some ethical commitments and conditions that concerned wine producers and consumers need to meet in order to contribute to the sustainability and resilience of local agricultural systems. Since the high economic value of wine is so closely intertwined with its cultural and symbolic value, success needs the joint effort of producers, consumers and wine critics, which share responsibility in reorienting the sector towards supporting agricultural resilience. (shrink)

Gao, Barzel, and Barabási attempted to devise a method to identify universal resilience in systems. This target was missed due to simplification in the methodology and to the confounding of the system-functions resilience and robustness. These two system-functions are distinct in both their form and in the roles they play in systems. There are many different kinds of both robustness and resilience. To clarify the difference between robustness and resilience, a short guide is provided consisting of (...) six examples of robustness and six examples of resilience. There is a concluding discussion concerning the manner in which robustness and resilience are confounded in the paper “Universal Resilience Patterns in Complex Networks.” -/- . (shrink)

The life of a teacher is not as smooth as many may assume, as reports underscore the myriad challenges faced by educators both locally and internationally. This study aims to delve into the coping strategies employed by teachers within their profession. Utilizing a qualitative case study approach, this research engaged ten (10) junior high school teachers from the Department of Education (DepEd) as participants. Thematic analysis revealed eight (8) key themes encapsulating teachers' coping mechanisms within DepEd, including active coping, positive (...) coping, flexible coping, support group systems, acceptance, avoidant coping, commitment to personal growth, and emotional drivers and motivators. These themes shed light on the diverse array of coping strategies utilized by teachers over time. Categorized into two overarching meta-themes, constructive and non-constructive coping strategies emerged, with the former, encompassing active coping, positive coping, flexible coping, support group systems, acceptance, commitment to personal growth, and emotional drivers and motivators, being the predominant coping mechanisms fostering long-term improvement. Conversely, the latter, represented by avoidant coping, offers short-term relief but may lead to counterproductive outcomes. This study advocates for the development and implementation of a psychosocial training program aimed at enhancing teachers' well-being and resilience within their profession. (shrink)

Exposure to stress is unavoidable in our daily lives. Most people might be subjected to at least one extreme stress (e.g., potentially life-threatening traumatic situations) that can cause serious adverse effects on their mental health. For that reason, resilience has become a topical research issue among researchers in the fields of medicine, mental health, and science to help people improve their capability to withstand stress.

This paper redresses the neglect of interregimatic solidarity—solidarity between collective anti-oppressive struggles in purportedly antithetical regimes—in transnational feminist scholarship. I argue that authoritarian and demostatist regimatic contexts of oppression give rise to regimatically distinct oppressive kinds, which track their regimatic subjects of oppression respectively, and that this fact significantly increases the risk of interregimatic missolidarization in lieu of interregimatic solidarity. In response, we need to cultivate antiauthoritarian resilience, which is both an epistemic virtue and a moral virtue. Epistemically, it (...) helps us navigate a world characterized by the dynamics of authoritarian spillover, demostatist sellout, imperial standoff and capitalist scaleup, comprehend how regimatic oppressions are interconnected, and appreciate the practical import of interregimatic solidarity. Morally, antiauthoritarian resilience helps us discern and discard moral parochialism and cynical moralism, both impeding the exercise of interregimatic solidarity. I conclude with tentative thoughts on when, for whom and to what extent interregimatic solidarity is morally obligatory, if its realization depends on cultivating the virtue of antiauthoritarian resilience. (shrink)

This chapter looks closely at the use of resilience as a value in pandemic discourses, and particularly at how it reflects the moral complexity of the situation the pandemic presents: an extended crisis where shocks and stressors interact and have an uncertain end. We review key aspects of how resilience has been conceptualised, generally speaking, focusing on its normative implications. Insofar as resilience is suggested as a goal, or used to evaluate individuals, groups and systems, the rhetorical (...) use of resilience in the pandemic has moral implications that we unpack. Asking questions such as resilience to what, of what, and for whom, drives our analysis of the multiple scales at which morally relevant factors must be considered, in terms of distance and certainty, and across space and over time. Further, we highlight the importance of particularly challenging, intersecting scales both within and beyond the pandemic, such as the interaction between other- and self-regarding concerns and the tension between transformation and conservation, as we consider when to take up opportunities for improving ourselves, our society and our systems, in times of extended crises and radical change. Given that a ‘return to normal’ is neither universally desirable nor likely, we recommend in this chapter ways to address resilience as a value that can shape approaches to policy and behaviour while also being explicit about the normative—evaluative and also prescriptive—implications of its use. (shrink)

Aim: This study attempted to assess the organizational resiliency in the implementation of Basic Education School Learning Continuity Plan and to design a resilient basic education school learning continuity plan. -/- Methodology: The study used mixed method which is quantitative and qualitative. The data for the quantitative part of the study were gathered through a survey with the 19 school heads and 345 teacher- respondents while the qualitative method was conducted through focus group discussion interview with 19 key informants who (...) were composed of the teachers, school heads and stakeholders. The research instrument that was used for the perceived organizational resiliency was a survey questionnaire that was validated by the experts and which the reliability was tested through Cronbach’s alpha with excellent level of internal consistency. The statistical treatment for quantitative results used mean and standard deviation to determine the perception of the respondents with regards to the organizational resiliency on the implementation of the BE-SLCP and Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient, testing its significance at the 0.05 level was used in finding out the relationship between the evaluation of the basic education school learning continuity plan and school performance indicators and organizational resiliency. While content analysis was employed for the qualitative results. -/- Results: The salient findings of the study were as follows: The result showed that the rate of enrollment during pandemic is low while the drop-out rate fostered a positive rate. The school heads and teacher respondents perceived the schools’ organizational resiliency as high. Based on the feedback of the key informants the lessons learned from the implementation of Basic Education School Learning Continuity Plan are strong collaboration, consistent communication, and enhanced ICT Skills. The best practices that were observed are sustained partnership and continuous implementation of programs, projects, and activities. The challenges encountered include authenticity of assessment and low capability of learning facilitators at home. The respondent assessed the developed learning continuity plan as very highly satisfactory. -/- Conclusion: The organizational resiliency of schools is high in its performance of continuing education during pandemic. The study suggests that the schools may developed creative strategies on increasing enrolment; the school may strengthen its school-based management level to ensure that the plans and goals for continuity of education will be achieved; the school may also consider strengthening the stakeholders’ involvement and the school may consider the strategy of close coordination and constant monitoring and follow-ups with parents/guardians on the implementation of learning delivery. (shrink)

It seems obvious that when higher-order evidence makes it rational for one to doubt that one’s own belief on some matter is rational, this can undermine the rationality of that belief. This is known as higher-order defeat. However, despite its intuitive plausibility, it has proved puzzling how higher-order defeat works, exactly. To highlight two prominent sources of puzzlement, higher-order defeat seems to defy being understood in terms of conditionalization; and higher-order defeat can sometimes place agents in what seem like epistemic (...) dilemmas. This chapter draws attention to an overlooked aspect of higher-order defeat, namely that it can undermine the resilience of one’s beliefs. The notion of resilience was originally devised to understand how one should reflect the ‘weight’ of one’s evidence. But it can also be applied to understand how one should reflect one’s higher-order evidence. The idea is particularly useful for understanding cases where one’s higher-order evidence indicates that one has failed in correctly assessing the evidence, without indicating whether one has over- or underestimated the degree of evidential support for a proposition. But it is exactly in such cases that the puzzles of higher-order defeat seem most compelling. (shrink)

This study examines the role of digital technologies in building resilient communities, focusing on data collected during the pandemic. This research aims to explore the impact of digital technologies on community development, assess their effectiveness in enhancing community resilience, and identify key success factors. The study adopts a mixed-methods approach, including qualitative data collected through interviews and focus groups, a review of existing literature and case studies. Preliminary findings indicate that digital technologies have been crucial in supporting community (...) class='Hi'>resilience, enabling virtual communication, remote access to resources, and community engagement. However, disparities in digital access and literacy have influenced their effectiveness. Addressing the digital divide and ensuring equitable access is crucial while providing ongoing support, capacity building, and community engagement. Digital technologies have demonstrated their potential to build resilient communities, particularly in times of crisis. (shrink)

Port Cities are historically the places for paradigm shifts, radical changes, and socio-economic transitions. In particular, the interaction zone between the port infrastructure and urban activities creates liminal spaces at the forefront of many contemporary challenges. In these liminal spaces, the port's flows, form, and function intertwine with urban contexts and conflict with the living conditions. Conceptualizing the portcityscape and harborscape as liminal space and urban thresholds leads to (re)thinking about innovative participatory methods and technologies for building community resilience (...) in port cities. Additionally, inevitable constant development in port cities requires adaptability and resilience from the waterfronts to the hinterlands and city centers. Such confrontation of port infrastructures and urbanization is socio-politically and spatially challenging, specifically in historic port cities. Therefore, as the approach to exploiting energy and human resources changes over time, the physicality of the built environment in port cities and how we (re)use the resources need to be redefined. This research investigates key socio-spatial features and challenges of port cities by examining how the port's proximity to the city requires coordination, collaboration, transparency, and community dialogue. The introduction and background literature discuss three domains and notions of port city studies, building community resiliency through participatory frameworks, and parasitic architecture. By building upon this analytical framework, the paper presents case studies developed within the research-led design studio focusing on building resilient communities in four port cities, including Amsterdam, Constanta, Alexandria, and Rio De Janeiro. This research focus on the community-enabled application of emerging technologies, innovative approaches, and co-designing and co-building participatory methods. The selected case studies introduce an integrative and multi-scalar pedagogical framework for building resilient communities in liminal spaces of port cities. (shrink)

Business resilience is the ability to quickly recover from difficulties and continue operating by applying innovative strategies. The article aims to document the resilience level of micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in the Pacific towns of Southern Leyte, Philippines, and capture its causal determinants amid the health crisis using descriptive correlational research design. Using a research-made questionnaire, cross-sectional and primary data were collected from a random sample of MSMEs and were summarized using statistical measures. The significant determinants (...) of the resilience of MSMEs were determined using the Chi-square test for independence via cross-tabulation of categorical data. Results depicted that, on average, MSMEs during the pandemic are "resilient", particularly in their situational awareness, keystone vulnerabilities, and adaptive capacity as they combat the disruption of the health crisis. The Chi-square test reveals that age, civil status, business job position of the MSMEs' personnel, and the estimated monthly income of the enterprise are the highly significant factors that affect the resilience of MSMEs during the health crisis. In particular, younger age, single status, and owner of the enterprise are more active and creative in digital business technology, which increases their resilience in response to challenges brought about by the pandemic. Moreover, enterprises with lower incomes do adopt innovative business strategies that improve economic resilience and profit. Furthermore, the study suggests that enterprises must consider strategic plans and goals to enhance their capability in risk management as they will face future crises. (shrink)

In this paper, a framework incorporating flexibility as a characteristic is proposed for designing complex, resilient socio-ecological systems. In an interconnected complex system, flexibility allows prompt deployment of resources where they are needed and is crucial for both innovation and robustness. A comparative analysis of flexible manufacturing systems, economics, evolutionary biology, and supply chain management is conducted to identify the most important characteristics of flexibility. Evolutionary biology emphasises overlapping functions and multi-functionality, which allow a system with structurally different elements to (...) perform the same function, enhancing resilience. In economics, marginal cost and marginal expected profit are factors that are considered to be important in incorporating flexibility while making changes to the system. In flexible manufacturing systems, the size of choice sets is important in creating flexibility, as initial actions preserve more options for future actions that will enhance resilience. Given the dynamic nature of flexibility, identifying the characteristics that can lead to flexibility will introduce a crucial dimension to designing resilient and sustainable socio-ecological systems with a long-term perspective in mind. (shrink)

Purpose – This study aims to examine the observer’s role in “infant psychophysics”. Infant psychophysics was developed because the diagnosis of perceptual deficits should be done as early in a patient’s life as possible, to provide efficacious treatment and thereby reduce potential long-term costs. Infants, however, cannot report their perceptions. Hence, the intensity of a stimulus at which the infant can detect it, the “threshold”, must be inferred from the infant’s behavior, as judged by observers (watchers). But whose abilities are (...) actually being inferred? The answer affects all behavior-based conclusions about infants’ perceptions, including the well-proselytized notion that auditory stimulus-detection thresholds improve rapidly during infancy. Design/methodology/approach – In total, 55 years of infant psychophysics is scrutinized, starting with seminal studies in infant vision, followed by the studies that they inspired in infant hearing. Findings – The inferred stimulus-detection thresholds are those of the infant-plus-watcher and, more broadly, the entire laboratory. The thresholds are therefore tenuous, because infants’ actions may differ with stimulus intensity; expressiveness may differ between infants; different watchers may judge infants differently; etc. Particularly, the watcher’s ability to “read” the infant may improve with the infant’s age, confounding any interpretation of perceptual maturation. Further, the infant’s gaze duration, an assumed cue to stimulus detection, may lengthen or shorten nonlinearly with infant age. Research limitations/implications – Infant psychophysics investigators have neglected the role of the observer, resulting in an accumulation of data that requires substantial re-interpretation. Altogether, infant psychophysics has proven far too resilient for its own good. Originality/value – Infant psychophysics is examined for the first time through second-order cybernetics. The approach reveals serious unresolved issues. (shrink)

- As cloud computing continues to drive digital transformation, multi-tenant application architectures have emerged as a foundational paradigm for delivering scalable and cost-effective software-as-a-service (SaaS) solutions. These architectures enable multiple tenants—representing different organizations or user groups—to share a common application instance while maintaining strict isolation, performance guarantees, and security compliance. However, ensuring resilience in such environments introduces significant architectural and operational complexities. This paper presents a comprehensive study on designing resilient multi-tenant applications using popular Java-based frameworks such as Spring (...) Boot, Quarkus, and Micronaut. (shrink)

This essay explores the psychological and philosophical consequences of living in a simulated world amid ecological collapse. Drawing from Jean Baudrillard’s theory of hyperreality, James Lovelock’s Gaia Hypothesis, and Stoic philosophy, it argues that the modern world confronts not only an environmental crisis but a crisis of perception and meaning. In a society where symbolic gestures often replace real environmental action, individuals are left feeling anxious, cynical, and powerless. This state of hyperreal frustration manifests in climate anxiety, performative politics, and (...) digital escapism. Yet amid this simulated landscape, Stoicism offers a grounded and actionable response—one that rejects illusion, accepts natural limits, and cultivates ethical resilience. By reorienting individuals toward clarity, virtue, and personal agency, Stoicism equips us to face ecological collapse not with despair, but with dignity. -/- The Age of Hyperreality and the Crisis of Frustration In the 21st century, humanity faces an unprecedented crisis—not only of ecology but of perception. Climate change, mass extinction, and resource depletion unfold before our eyes, yet instead of addressing these existential threats with meaningful action, societies construct elaborate illusions of progress. Governments sign climate agreements that lack enforcement mechanisms, corporations launch “sustainability” campaigns while continuing unsustainable practices and the media transforms environmental catastrophe into entertainment. These actions do not engage with reality; they simulate solutions while allowing destruction to continue unchecked. -/- Jean Baudrillard’s concept of hyperreality explains this phenomenon: in modern society, symbols and representations have replaced reality itself. Instead of confronting the material consequences of industrial capitalism, we engage with a world of signs that simulate responsibility—carbon offset programs, “green” products, political rhetoric about a “sustainable future.” Yet the natural world does not operate within simulation. James Lovelock’s `Gaia Hypothesis` suggests that Earth functions as a self-regulating system, indifferent to human illusions. No matter how much we manipulate perception, Gaia responds in real biological and geophysical terms—rising temperatures, collapsing ecosystems, and increasingly severe natural disasters. -/- This gap between illusion and reality fuels a growing sense of frustration. People recognize that something is wrong, but they are trapped within a system that offers only symbolic solutions. Climate anxiety, political cynicism, and existential despair are symptoms of this dissonance. This essay argues that Stoicism offers a way to navigate the crisis. Unlike hyperreality, which encourages denial and distraction, Stoicism demands an embrace of reality as it is. By rejecting illusion, accepting natural limits, and cultivating inner resilience, Stoicism provides an ethical and psychological framework for confronting ecological collapse without despair. (shrink)

Property and Casualty (P&C) insurers are adopting multi-cloud environments as a strategic imperative because of their increasing data volumes and complexities in regulatory compliance, customer expectations and technological advancements. This paper discusses how Snowflake’s cloud-agnostic, unified platform enables insurers to create resilient, efficient, and compliant multi cloud data strategies. Using Snowflake’s elastic scalability, real-time analytics, secure data sharing and seamless cloud interoperability, insurers can optimize claims processing, augment fraud detection, and support customer engagement. The study offers core design principles for (...) multi cloud data architectures and sheds light on problems in data fragmentation, latency, and security risks. It points to how Snowflake enables data resilience, including data replication, encryption, GDPR, and CCPA compliance. Details are provided. Practical implementation strategies of phased data migration ETL pipelines and integration with existing enterprise system to ensure a smooth deployment. Snowflake is seen as a clear win through a cost-benefit analysis with metrics like RTO and RPO that define how well Snowflake performs disaster recovery and business continuity. Additionally, the paper also looks at the emergence of tech like AI, blockchain and edge computing which could additionally bolster multi-cloud strategies even further. Finally, Snowflake enables the journey for P&C insurers through cloud ecosystem pitfalls, enabling operational resilience, regulatory compliance, along competitive advantage in a data-driven industry. (shrink)

Climate adaptation and resilience scholars are struggling to address distributive and procedural justice in climate resilience efforts. While the capability approach (CA) has been widely appraised as a suitable justice basis for this context, there are few detailed studies assessing this possibility. This paper addresses this gap by advancing discussions about the prospects of the CA for guiding justice work in climate resilience. With its emphasis on the final value and mutually irreducible character of the concrete beings (...) and doings of individuals, we find the CA relevant for tackling salient aspects of adaptation, such as the multi-faceted and locally specific nature of climate vulnerability. We also present and discuss a capability application that has particular relevance for including distributive and procedural justice considerations in climate resilience. On the other hand, we find that extant arguments in support of the CA neglect the limitations of the CA and some dilemmas involved in applying it, also overestimating the differences between the CA and other justice approaches, especially those based on resources and needs. These problems lead us to advise against treating the CA as a one-size-fits-all solution to the ills of climate resilience and they further raise a need for joining efforts with complementary approaches. -/- . (shrink)

Cyberspace relies on information technologies to mediate relations between different people, across different communication networks and is reliant on the supporting technology. These interactions typically occur without physical proximity and those working depending on cybersystems must be able to trust the overall human–technical systems that support cyberspace. As such, detailed discussion of cybersecurity policy would be improved by including trust as a key value to help guide policy discussions. Moreover, effective cybersystems must have resilience designed into them. This paper (...) argues that trustworthy cybersystems are a key element to resilient systems, and thus are core to cybersecurity policy. The paper highlights the importance of trustworthiness for resilient cybersystems. The importance of trustworthiness is shown through a discussion of three events where trustworthiness was the target or casualty of cyberattacks: Stuxnet, hacking of communications and the Edward Snowden revelations. The impact of losing trust is highlighted, to underpin the argument that a resilient cybersystem ought to design in trustworthiness. The paper closes off by presenting a general set of policy implications arising from recognition of the interplay between trust, trustworthiness and resilience for effective cybersecurity. (shrink)

This study investigates the relationship between self-efficacy and resilience among 150 first-year college students. This study used a correlational research design. Thus, General Self-Efficacy Scale and Resilience Scale were utilized to measure the variables. Furthermore, the statistical analysis reveals that the r coefficient of 0.48 indicates a low positive correlation between the variables. The p-value of 0.00, which is less than 0.05, leads to the decision to reject the null hypothesis. Hence, a significant relationship exists between self-efficacy and (...) resilience among first-year college students. Implications were discussed in the study. (shrink)

The COVID-19 outbreak had a profound impact on many facets of society, particularly on the educational system. Therefore, all educational content must be delivered to students online, and it is the student’s responsibility to adjust to this new norm. Hence, this study sought to investigate if there is a significant relationship between self-efficacy and resilience among senior high school students. This study utilized correlational research, with the 150 grade 12 senior high school students enrolled in 2022-2023 as respondents. Thus, (...) the researchers employed General Self-Efficacy and Resilience Scale. Finally, the statistical analysis reveals that the r coefficient of 0.53 indicates a moderate positive correlation between the variables. The p-value of 0.00, less than 0.05, leads to rejecting the null hypothesis. Hence, a significant relationship exists between self-efficacy and resilience among senior high school students. (shrink)

In some cases of higher-order defeat, you rationally doubt whether your credence in p is rational without having evidence of how to improve your credence in p. According to the resilience framework proposed by Steglich-Petersen (Higher-order defeat and Doxastic Resilience), such cases require loss of doxastic resilience: retain your credence level but become more disposed to change your mind given future evidence. Henderson (Higher-Order Evidence and Losing One’s Conviction) responds that this allows for irrational decision-making and that (...) we are better off understanding higher-order defeat in terms of imprecise probabilities. We argue first that Henderson’s imprecise probability framework models the wrong kind of thing. Credal imprecision is neither necessary nor sufficient for higher-order doubt. Second, we offer two ways of understanding the practical import of higher-order defeat given loss of doxastic resilience. (shrink)

Climate change increasingly impacts the resilience of ecosystems and agricultural production. On the one hand, changing weather patterns negatively affect crop yields and thus global food security. Indeed, we live in an age where more than one billion people are going hungry, and this number is expected to rise as climate-induced change continues to displace communities and thus separate them from their means of food production (Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre 2015). In this context, if one accepts a humancentric ethic, (...) then the focus would be on addressing impacts to agricultural production, and thus food security (Borlaug 1997; Navin 2012). On the other hand, ecological resilience is also being impacted by climate change, as species go extinct or migrate due to fluctuating temperatures and shifting weather patterns. This reduction of resilience negatively impacts ecosystem services and the ability of the natural world to support life (Palmer and Larson 2014; Urban 2015). From an environmental holist perspective, then, one could argue that the ethical path would be to focus on reducing negative impacts to species and/or local ecosystems rather than increasing crop yields. Thus, there appears to be a tension between the prioritization of crop yields and the mitigation of ecosystem impacts. While this tension is well established in the agricultural literature (Kirschenmann 2010; Noll 2018), climatezas lochange exacerbates the situation, as agricultural lands are stressed and climate-induced migrations increase already high demands for foodstuffs, thus bringing the conflict to the forefront (Macdonald et al. 2015; Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations 2017a). (shrink)

In this article, we describe a project in which philosophy, in combination with methods drawn from mental modeling, was used to structure dialogue among stakeholders in a region-scale climate adaptation process. The case study we discuss synthesizes the Toolbox dialogue method, a philosophically grounded approach to enhancing communication and collaboration in complex research and practice, with a mental modeling approach rooted in risk analysis, assessment, and communication to structure conversations among non-academic stakeholders who have a common interest in planning for (...) a sustainable future. We begin by describing the background of this project, including details about climate resiliency efforts in West Michigan and the Toolbox dialogue method, which was extended in this project from academic research into community organization involving the West Michigan Climate Resiliency Framework Initiative. This extension involved application of several methods, which are the focus of the Methods section. We then present and discuss preliminary results that suggest the potential for philosophical dialogue to enhance mutual understanding in complex community initiatives that focus on sustainable responses to climate change. Overall, the article supplies a detailed, instructive example of how philosophy can support policy-relevant decision-making processes at the community level. (shrink)

With more and more companies moving to cloud platforms, adequate cloud security is the topmost priority for organizations today. Conventional security tools never identify sophisticated cyber-attacks, and thus AI-based real-time anomaly detection is the need of the hour. This research investigates the application of cutting-edge machine learning, deep learning, and security analytics in identifying and handling security anomalies from cloud logs. Our methodology utilizes hybrid AI models, federated learning, and graph neural networks to provide more accurate detection without breaching data (...) privacy. Furthermore, the use of quantum-resilient cryptographic models and zero-trust principles further enhances cloud security. Cloud-native scalable technologies, decentralized security models, and real-time automated incident response systems are also utilized in this research, and hence, it is an end-to-end, adaptive, and high-performance security solution for multi-clouds. (shrink)

The present study investigates the interaction between personal characteristics that are considered nowadays strengths used to face difficult events or transition period. A number of 200 married or living together participants completed self-reports for common goals, motivational persistence, resilience and well-being. Results show that persistence and resilience do interact with each other at an individual level but also from a family concept perspective. Moreover, maintaining apositive outlook and family spirituality do have an impact over the intensity and direction (...) of the relationship between long term purposes pursuing (LTPP) and recurrence of unattained purposes (RUP) and changes in well-being registered in time. Resiliency as a personal characteristic and family resilience show good psychometric qualities for this study. Although some of the results are descriptive, in-depth analyses of direction and intensity of the relationships lead the finalconclusions to suggestions for further research and implications for psychological practice. (shrink)

This article presents a discursive critique of the Eurocentric paradigms of knowledge production that characterise much of the underlying logics in the age of neoliberal discourses on resilience, pointing out important areas not given sufficient attention. In particular, it highlights the limits of the modernist ontology of resilience, whereby extremely “vulnerable” African communities are encouraged “to become resilient” to climatic disruption and environmental catastrophe and to “bounce back” as rapidly as possible. The article moves the discussion forward, drawing (...) from critical decolonial approaches, in alignment with Indigenous knowledges, to question and rethink meaningful alternative ontologies, ways of knowing and being, in adaptive governance. I argue that the recognition of the plurality of many worlds, rather than one world, highlighted through critical decolonial understandings of epistemic forms with Indigenous knowledges, can be counterposed to Western universality as an innovative ontology to decentre the world order in the problematic dominant development of resilience thinking. Keywords: resilience; decolonisation; Africa; epistemology; pluriverse; Indigeneity. (shrink)

This essay is part of a larger project in which I construct a new, historically-informed, social justice-centered philosophy of dance, centered on four central phenomenological constructs, or “Moves.” This essay in particular is about the fourth Move, “resilience.” More specifically, I explore how Judith Butler engages with the etymological aspects of this word, suggesting that resilience involves a productive form of madness and a healthy form of compulsion, respectively. I then conclude by showing how “resilience” can be (...) used in the analysis of various Wittgensteinian “families” of dance, which in turn could facilitate positive educational changes in philosophy, dance and society, with particular efficacy on the axis of gender. In brief, by teaching a conception of strength as vulnerability (instead of machismo’s view of strength as apathetic “toughness”), a pedagogy of dancing resilience provides additional support for feminists (including Anzaldúa, Haraway, Butler and Concepción) who advocate a cautious openness toward seemingly-unlikely resources and allies (including analytic methodologies, Machiavellian politics, and the discourses of the natural sciences). (shrink)

Empathic design, which is the outcome of embedding the empathic approach in community resilience, will meet all four critical features of any models which are supposed to satisfy both physical resilience and humanistic considerations. It holds that in addition to the technical knowledge, engineers have to care about the humanistic side of the engineering process as well. Empathic design refers to a design in which the designers, as well as the technical specifications, consider the humanistic aspects of the (...) system in virtue of three types of empathy, namely, cognitive, affective, and conative. The empathic design brings about an inclusive and effective community resilience approach that is human-centric, individual and communal sensitive, justice-oriented, and value-based consistent. (shrink)

This study examines leadership competencies and resiliencies of school administrators as basis for enhancing organizational performance and governance. Employing a mixed-method approach, the research encompasses quantitative data from a survey of 67 school administrators with qualitative insights from comprehensive interviews. The results reveal a high level of leadership competencies among administrators, specifically in advising, managing, leading, and relating. Additionally, the qualitative findings highlight that these administrators demonstrate a level of resilience, an essential attribute for effectively addressing the complexities and (...) challenges inherent to education administration. The convergence of leadership competencies and resiliencies underscores the efficacy of school administrators to effectively enhance school governance. The study findings emphasize the important role of competent leadership and resiliency in sustaining effective organizational performance and governance. Statistical analysis rejects the null hypothesis which underscores the positive relationship between leadership competencies and resilience, implying that school administrators with strong leadership competencies have a stronger ability to foster organizational success and manage difficult circumstances. Based on these findings, the study proposes a comprehensive training and development program for school administrators. This program aims to further enhance their leadership skills and resilience, leading to improved organizational performance and governance. This study provides valuable insights into the critical role of leadership and resilience in education administration. (shrink)