The Orthodox clergy of Volhynia played one of the major roles in the religious, cultural and political life of the region as part of the Second Commonwealth. Sacred authority, high educational attainment, and material support made him an influential social group. Depending on the corporate consciousness of the stratum, it would depend on whose ally it would act and whether it would promote a social progress, spiritual and national self-identification of the voivodship population. It should be borne in mind that (...) in the interwar period, the Volyn Orthodox clergy came in with appropriate ideological baggage and evolved over the course of twenty years. (shrink)

В статті розглядається питання онтології українського соціуму в контексті потенційного його виходу із стану сингулярності – він має шанс перетворитися на щось позитивно інше, або так і залишитися у вимушено знайденому стані радикального збурення, із суттєво зміненим порядком речей, явищ, очікувань, сподівань. Цей процес характеризується наступною контроверсійністю: 1) наявністю високого ризику деструктивних змін, які мають релігійну основу; 2) наявністю потенціалу конструктивних змін, досвід якого накопичений та апробований самою історичною присутністю релігії. Автор пропонує пошук життєздатних і емпірично дієвих концептів, спроможних об’єднати (...) громадян країни у прагненні вивести український соціум із стану сингулярності в новій якості – з перспективами позитивних змін. В статті аналізуються окремі теоретичні аспекти поняття «український світ», яке стає актуальним в середовищі релігієзнавців і його співвіднесеність з поняттями «нація», «українська нація», «етнічна нація», «громадянська нація», «національна ідея», «національна держава» тощо. В широкому розумінні «український світ» може розглядатися як простір єднання, співставний із загальнонаціональною ідентичністю, де індивід ототожнює себе з певними символами, цінностями, історією, територією, культурою, а також з державними та правовими інституціями, політичними й економічними інтересами. Таке розуміння концепту «український світ» логічно виводить нас на необхідність аналізу практичної його складової. Послуговуючись даними соціологічних опитувань, статистичними даними, інтерв’ю, прикладами діяльності релігійних організацій і об’єднань – аналізується місце релігії в цьому просторі єднання, її потенціал, ризики, виклики. Висновується, що «український світ» як простір єднання може і здатен формуватися за умов: 1) адекватної і зваженої політики з боку, перш за все, української держави – відповідно до Конституції, чинного законодавства, без преференцій для окремих конфесій, як шлях формування довіри до органів влади з боку конфесій; 2) розуміння і усвідомлення з боку представників церков і релігійних організацій своєї відповідальності перед українським суспільством, базування на універсальних загальнолюдських цінностях, здатних об’єднати українців та реалізація цих цінностей через практичну діяльність в суспільстві. (shrink)

Nadiia Volik. «Nykyta Budka the first bishop of the Ruthenian Greek Catholic Church in Canada: the election process». The circumstances and process of appointment a bishop for Greek Catholic communities in Canada are outline. Proved that the election and approval of the bishop were necessary to preserve the identity of the Rusyns, their culture and language, and also contributed of Greek Catholic Church formation in Canada and its further development.

The study of the problem in Ukrainian historiography, both in particular aspects of activity and in the analytical synthesis of all areas of late Protestantism, has been given wide attention. Instead, the author, while supplementing and deepening the historiography of the study, sheds light on the source data of the state archives of the Lviv, Ternopil, and Ivano-Frankivsk regions and draws upon these sources in more detail the activities of late Protestantism religious communities in Western Ukraine during the Stalinist period. (...) This enabled him not only to follow the transformational processes caused by the factors of state pressure on late Protestantism, to find out the phenomena of the inner life of the communities of the ECHB, the HVE and the ASD, but also to compare the current situation of these denominations to the years under study. Reproduction of the external and internal processes of Protestant denominations and the influence of state power on them is the goal of our study. (shrink)

This article concerns genealogy of ideas from the Marburg school of neo-Kantian philosophy in’s early works in the context of intellectual and educational tendencies in Europe and the Russian Empire at the turn of the 20th century. Yevhen Spektorskyi is known as a prominent philosopher and lawyer, professor, and the last president at the Saint Volodymyr University. Analyzing his early works, which were strongly connected to his teaching and scientific activities at the law faculty of Warsaw University, the author recognizes (...) several key factors as the reasons for considerable development of the main neo-Kantian ideas of the philosopher. Firstly, Spektorskyi’s research interests were strongly influenced by the intellectual communication with his teacher, professor, and lawyer Oleksandr Blok, whose research was concentrated on the idea of classification of the sciences and its further substantiating. Secondly, we know that at the beginning of 20th century Spektorskyi was on several long-term educational secondments in European educational institutions, which allowed him to immerse into intellectual life of that time. In the article, the author focuses on analysis of Spektorskyi’s published works and unpublished manuscripts of the years 1903–1910. It is clarified that their main issues concern essential notions and arguments of critical idealism and its implications for the procedures of rational argumentation of sciences by setting ideal goals and clarification of regulative ideas for the social scientists in their research. The article also examines Spektorskyi’s logical structure of critique of the founder of the Marburg school of Neo-Kantianism Hermann Cohen. The critique concerns the development of ethics as “mathematics of natural science” and argues for the creative and productive rethinking of neo-Kantian ideas by Spektorskyi. (shrink)

This article is the first to bring into scientific discussion and to provide a historico-philosophical analysis of a manuscript “Neoplatonic Philosophy from the archive of Pamfil Danylovych Yurkevych. The reviewed manuscript belongs to P. D. Yurkevych’s handwritten nachlass stored in the funds of the Institute of Manuscript of V. I. Vernadsky National Library of Ukraine in the city of Kyiv. Additional archival materials are involved to answer several research questions. The author of this article provides arguments in favor of proving (...) that the manuscript is to be attributed to P. D. Yurkevych’s own handwriting, to be dated circa 1856, and that the purposing of its content is to be qualified as didactic. As it is established in the article, textual content of the manuscript in question is an original concise description and analysis of neoplatonic philosophy, which belongs to the set of materials created by P. D. Yurkevych in preparation for teaching the course on Ancient Philosophy in Kyiv Theological Academy during Kyivan period of his work. Turning to the inner critique of the manuscript, author of this article emphasizes an analysis that P. D. Yurkevych conducts concerning Plotinus’s ideas of the process of emanation of the world from the One and the role that philosophy has in true cognition. While comparing the manuscript “Neoplatonic Philosophy” with one of P. D. Yurkevych’s substantial philosophical works “Idea”, additional light is shed upon the prosess of genesis and development of Christian-Platonic worldview of the thinker. Furthermore, it is established that the manuscript in question played a major role in P. D. Yurkevych’s own schooling, particulary concerning his view on the philosophy of Plotinus, and his general reception of the Platonic tradition. (shrink)

The article contains first complete and systematic analysis of the studies devoted to dogmatics and liturgy, the history and the modern state of Catholicism published by Kyiv Theological Academy professors and pupils in the journal “Trudy Kievskoi dukhovnoi akademii” starting from the 1860s to the beginning of 1900s. This paper considers the main problems, themes, ideas which became the subject of interest of the Kyiv thinkers in studying this Christian denomination as well as highlights the specificity of the approach of (...) the authors to certain aspects of the issue raised in the articles. The main directions of research on Catholicism are singled out, and an attempt is made to give a characteristic to each of these directions: 1) researches of dogmatic and canonical principles of the Catholic Church ; 2) history of Catholicism – history of cathedrals, papacy, missionary and educational activity of monastic orders in Western European and Ukrainian territories and at the same time the history of certain prominent personalities of Catholicism ; 3) review and assessment of the religious life of Western Europe in the middle of the 19th – early 20th centuries through the prism of important events within the Catholic Church. Consideration of the journal publications allows author to conclude that they present a rather fruitful experience of comprehending one of the most influential religious traditions of the Western Catholicism. (shrink)

In the article O. Panich "Institutionalization of Evangelical Protestantism in Ukraine reveals the history of the emergence and development of Ukrainian evangelical Protestant communities, especially the evangelical-Baptist movement. The peculiarity of the faith and the way of life of Baptists and evangelical Christians is considered.

Last year, the Department of Philosophy and Religious Studies of “Kyiv-Mohyla Academy” celebrated the 25 th anniversary. This article confines to this very special event and analyzes three important anthropological studies that deal with moral components of human being. The research directions have been formed at the Department since its establishment in 1992. The first part of the article focuses mainly on the Kantian studies. According to Kant’s anthropology, human nature should be explored on two levels: empirical and intelligible. Empirical (...) level deals with general causality and considers the human being as the one entirely determined by nature. The second level considers the man from the perspective of freedom, moral activity, capacity to create aims and legislation. The research primarily gives a general scale of Kantian intelligible anthropology, which appears as a two-dimensional framework and consists of moral anthropological perspective and the one which Kant calls anthroponymy. Only the combination of these two aspects can allow us to comprehend the human nature as a whole. The second section of this article will shed a light on the Nietzschean anthropological theory. The paper elucidates three basic dimensions of Nietzschean critical anthropology. First of all, of the author comments on Nietzsche’s critique of Christian morality. Next, he articulates the Nietzschean idea of self-overcoming. Finally, the author identifies the main features of his genealogy of morality. All those components bound together can provide a wide horizon of Nietzschean opinion on the ethical dimension of human being. The last part of this article considers modern techno-anthropology in a broad sense. The problem of human and technology relation is considered in an ethical dimension, which unites all the three research directions. In this section, the author discusses the main components of technological mediation and non-neutrality. Using these two concepts, he proves that human nature is not an autonomous and independent actor but the one that is deeply connected with the world and others through technology. (shrink)

In this article, the author explores one of the avenues through which the experiences of the European biblical studies were implemented in the Kyiv Theological Academy in the second half of the 19th and early 20th centuries. For the first time, the critical bibliographic reviews of biblical research works written by foreign scholars are being examined as a genre. In the comments and reviews made by the KTA professors, we observe a critical analysis of the experiences related to rationalistic and (...) orthodox apologetic trends as represented in foreign biblical studies, as well as a quest for conceptual and methodological allies in support of the Orthodox biblical apologetic perspective. These critical reviews represent a valuable asset indicating that the Kyiv theological academic studies had been incorporated in the global dimension of academic biblical studies. The broad range of subjects addressed in the reviews as well as their regularity and frequency testify to intensive professional communication within the theological academic community. In addition, the texts demonstrate the degree the Kyiv academics perceived the global issues and trends, the responses of scholars to methodological and conceptual challenges, and their perception of various hermeneutical models. The article specifies the stages in which the genre of review evolved from 1860s to early 1900s. From the key structural elements of the entire body of reviews and critical articles, the author distinguishes reviews of the Old Testament and New Testament studies in such thematic areas as isagogics, theology, exegesis, historical criticism, textual criticism, study of biblical languages, geography, archeology, history, chronology, and comparative studies of religion and culture. The subject areas of the reviews and critical articles specifically indicate significant development in the European biblical studies. (shrink)

The article discusses the role and importance of storytelling in the context of creating and maintaining organisational culture in the healthcare sector. Medical institutions are constantly solving complex tasks related to the provision of high-quality medical care and interaction with patients and staff. In this regard, storytelling is an important tool, aimed at strengthening cultural values and adjusting goals. The study examines the nature of organisational culture, its main components and culture, its main components and the peculiarities of its formation (...) and maintenance in medical institutions. Organisational culture affects all aspects of business processes and is an important element of corporate identity, in particular in the healthcare sector. healthcare. The authors determine that storytelling as a communication tool has become an important part of business communication and management in recent decades part of business communication and management practice in recent decades. Storytelling can be used to form common values and create meaningful narratives that promote cultural change and support the organisational organisational identity of healthcare facilities. Stories in healthcare facilities reveal the specifics and uniqueness of the organisation, help to distinguish it from competitors from competitors and create a competitive advantage in the market. They form the organisation’s identity and the loyalty of employees and customers. Storytelling has an impact on on the organisational culture of a medical institution, promotes stability and highlights the unique character of the organisation character of the organisation; it allows to form values, beliefs and needs of of employees based on the institution’s mission. Storytelling is important for understanding medical discourse and the system of narratives in healthcare organisations. It supports or discredits official narratives or discredit them, depending on the perception of stakeholders. It is important that storytelling in healthcare facilities is accessible to all stakeholders and promote internal identification and loyalty to the institution. Thus, storytelling is an essential tool for building and maintaining organisational culture in healthcare facilities, helping to create a unique identity and competitive advantage. The article aims to stimulating discussion of the experience of using storytelling and further research of this important aspect of management in the healthcare sector. of healthcare enterprises. (shrink)

We analyze the information and communicative language model of regional development and integration of all regions in modern Ukraine. The author argues that linguistic and political problems, which worsened in the mid-1990s. Associated with changes in domestic and foreign policy of the state language policy. At the heart of these changes, according to the author, are: linguistic, political, cultural, ideological, information pressure of Russia and other former parent an independent Ukraine; Soviet and emerging national consciousness, low political culture; Polar reluctance (...) of politicians to communicate, negotiate, compromise of the issues, and lack of protection of information and communication space state. (shrink)

Problem setting. Humanity entered the era of globalization, which is characterized by a number of factors - national economies have melded into a single global system where the capital can easily move, new information opportunities have made the world more open, the technological revolution has led to a qualitative change in the means of production and consumption, the planetary scientific revolution has become a reality; developed industrial countries are striving to liberalization of the movement of goods and capital, the world (...) is moving closer together on the basis of modern means of communication; new international social movements, new modes of transport, new telecommunication technologies are being implemented, education is being internationalized. However, all these innovations have not made the issue of war less burning. World society has faced the trend of increasing wars and armed conflicts in the world over the past decades and in the total number of killed and injured have grown as a result of hostilities. Recent research and publications analysis. Numerous works written on the target topic indicate that the issues of war as a specific phenomenon in the life of human society have always been and remain in the focus of attention of thinkers, scientists, researchers of the past and the present time. In particular, the thorough analysis of the essence, content, forms of war, its features and laws have been carried out in the works written by V. F. Hegel, F. Engels, C. von Clausewitz, B. Liddel-Hart, N. Machiavelli, V. Mandragel, H. von Moltke, C. Moscos, J. Friedman, F. Fukuyama, S. Huntington, R. Aron, K. Hajiyev, M. Gareev, V. Slipchenko, V. Smolyanyuk, E. Toffler, M. Trebin, I. Panarin, V. Serebryannikov and so on. Paper objective. The goal of this paper is to specify the historical background of the formation of modern sociology of war. Paper main body. The article deals with the views on the war in a historical perspective, focuses on the methodological grounds of the armed confrontation, which started after the Second World War when the most developed countries developed a powerful military-industrial complex dominating in politics and economics. Potential opponents sought to overtake each other, to shift the developed military-strategic parity pursuing own benefit. They begin to develop nuclear missile weapons, which radically changed the concept of war over a short time. Due to the increase in the power of nuclear weapons, the leading authorities in the world military sphere and subsequently the military-political leaders of the countries-members of the nuclear club gradually started to understand that one of the long-term tasks is to contain the use of nuclear weapons by the enemy. The article emphasizes that the late 1950s - early 1960s are characterized by a significant increase in attention to the theoretical problems of war and peace. This is due to the creation of the military-political blocs of NATO and the Warsaw Pact. Since then many publications have appeared which focus the primacy of politics over the military sphere. Military theorists understand that the outbreak of war to solve political goals could lead to irreversible consequences. At the end of the 20th century with the beginning of globalization, many concepts arose to search for the causes of wars. The confrontation of the West with the rest of the world in the face of growing multi-polarity can become a cause of war and conflict at the beginning of the third millennium. The article also highlights the concept of mutiny war, which is seen as a new form of armed conflict, in which the future wars would be waged by small terrorist cells and special forces, gaining influence by subversion and organised revolutions rather than through traditional warfare. Conclusions of the research. Numerous theoretical and practical issues related to determining the laws of war, its essence and features as well as to transforming the goals, scope, nature and means of armed struggle and the importance of the human factor for the consequences of hostilities for a particular country and humanity as a whole should be considered on the basis of recognizing the fact that the phenomenon of war is eternal, inevitable and unavoidable. The views and concepts that were formed in the second half of the 20th century have not rejected and condemned armed violence but also approved and legitimized it, adapted to the needs of foreign policy and even have rationalized it. Political and military leaders have sought to make people consider the war in all its forms and violence as a common phenomenon that states and people can tolerate in their relations. The probability of using armed violence in the system of the modern world order can easily become a reality. (shrink)

Мета дослідження – позначити концептуальні засади теорії динамічних здібностей підприємства та розкрити її прикладний потенціал. Результати. У дослідженні ідентифіковано актуальні проблемні аспекти теорії динамічних здібностей підприємств та висвітлено шляхи їх розв’язання. По-перше, це імператив подальшого розвитку фундаментальних основ теорії динамічних здібностей та знаходження науковообґрунтованої ефективної емпіричної методики їх вимірювання. По-друге, це обмеженість проникнення концепції динамічних здібностей в українське наукове середовище та наявність проблем із трактуванням теоретичних і прикладних англомовних розробок. У статті розкрито історичні та науково-методичні засади формування теорії динамічних здібностей (...) підприємств. Визначено концептуальні положення західних фундаторів теорії динамічних здібностей і наукове висвітлення даного напряму досліджень в Україні. Розглянуто потенціал застосування теоретико-прикладних основ динамічних здібностей на підприємствах. Наведено методологічні рішення щодо вимірювання динамічних здібностей українських підприємств. Практичне значення дослідження. Результати дослідження надають можливість україномовній науковій громадськості опанувати концепцію динамічних здібностей, сформувати у працівників підприємств можливість самостійно діагностувати динамічні здібності та здійснювати порівняння у часі власних здобутків з досягненнями інших учасників ринкових відносин. Оригінальність/цінність/наукова новизна дослідження. Концептуалізовано логіку формування теорії динамічних здібностей і ідентифіковано перспективні напрями її трансформації у бік вивчення основних факторів, що впливають на результати діяльності ключових людських ресурсів; доведена можливість застосування прикладних методів у країнах з різним типом економічної системи, у різних галузях та ринках підприємствами, що здійснюють комерційну та некомерційну діяльність незалежно від їх типу та розміру; розроблено основи методології адаптації англомовних методичних розробок до рівня їх практичного застосування на українських підприємствах з можливістю отримання статистично значущих результатів і їх подальшого використання для підвищення результативності. Перспективи подальших досліджень – розробка комплексного прикладного механізму виміру динамічних здібностей підприємства, який би дозволяв проектувати та здійснювати заходи підвищення прибутковості, а також досягнення у тактичному й утримання у стратегічному періоді конкурентного успіху. Тип статті – теоретична. (shrink)

Present international relations are a complex of relatively particular varieties, especially political, diplomatic, economic, religious, cultural and media relations. Integration is a versatile and complex phenomenon. It is quite diffiult process which does not have defiitive typology. Integration determines patterns of development of the modern world, because it inflences the global structure, global governance. At the present, the development of integration organizations has great importance in international relations. These organizations exist in all regions. They have a great inflence on the (...) development of political, economic, social and cultural relations between states that are members of these associations. New integration structure should ensure an active human development in general. This is the main criteria and principles of the modern world, and according to this criteria, it is also an institutional functional mechanism. In particular, the process of integration is very popular in Latin America. In Latin America, there are a large number of different integration organizations. Among them are: Latin American Integration Association, Andean Community of Nations, Central American Integration System. All of these organizations inflence the development of integration processes on the continent. Latin American integration has one feature. The cooperation between states has an economic basis. The above organizations have not only economic interests, but also common political, cultural, eco and social projects. It can be argued that the process of integration in Latin America is developing rapidly and has great prospects. But there are some problems. First of all, there is no unity among the states. Different countries have different integration strategy. Also, Latin American countries do not develop uniformly. Argentina and Brazil are developing faster rate than other countries. Thus, it is obvious that the integration of Latin America has some problems. But there are many organizations that are developing and increase their potential. (shrink)

The article considers features of formation and activities of women’s organizations in modern Ukraine. The process of their emergence connects with general democratization of social life in the USSR in the late 1980s. In this period women’s organization didn’t have the institutional legacy and social support. Therefore, the institutionalization of women’s movement in Ukraine was like a path of trials and errors, forming of own traditions and culture. This process lasted until the early 2000s, when the number of organizations stabilized. (...) Weak resource base and a high dependency on political solutions to solving social problems has led to relations of paternalism between the state and WPOs. The authorities set the agenda of public policy, give financial support of loyal WPOs and coopt their representatives in the various consultative bodies. Therefore, in Ukraine women’s organizations do not compete with the authorities to offer solutions to social problems, and adapt to the political situation and needs. (shrink)

The article notes that political protest, such as in the Soviet period was totally rejected and could not be the subject of study. Have been developed a common practice against those who disagree with the official way, namely, physical destruction or isolation. Political protest has now become tangential subject of study in domestic science and requires a thorough scientific understanding to develop the concept of interaction, response, and settlement between the state and the subject of the protest and other civil (...) society actors. (shrink)

The basic aspects of the political risks are characteristic of Ukrainian society. Reveals the factors that favor provocateurs political risks. It was found that in addition to political risks arising from internal factors, there are political risks associated with globalization. Due to globalization, humanity has entered the mode of life of an open environment that creates risks of uncertainty. These issues are key to EU governments, as in all countries, the state is the main guarantor of security of its citizens (...) and is designed to manage the risks, which an individual or community can’t fight alone. As a result, the study determined that political globalization is a multifaceted process that has an ambiguous impact on different countries depending on their level of economic development and political influence in the world. Integration processes that accompany globalization, on the one hand, reduce the number of risks that are generated by the lack of dialogue, their inability to find common interests. A parallel risk management in Ukraine and the EU. Reasoned position that the political risks of modern Ukraine related to the state’s economic and political systems so that there is no clear political ideal of the country and the political doctrine which it would settle. Found that political risk plays a significant role in determining the level of country risk, especially true in developing countries and countries with economies in transition, which is important for Ukraine. The possibility of political risk is determined on the basis of: evaluating the use of coercion in the exercise of power, the impact on society of radical political forces, violations of law and order, the scale of anti-constitutional actions, the delegitimization of the political regime, the crisis of public administration, separatism, the degree of ethnic, religious, racial, social differences, particularly social inequalities, etc. Clarified the political risks of Ukrainian society and revealed their interdependence on a variety of factors, including the religious, ethnic, economic factors, geopolitical interests, the lack of public consensus that entails internal conflict and political identities. The kinds of political risks inherent in Ukrainian society in the process this is his transformation. (shrink)

Concepts of system of executive power institutions, presidentialization of higher and central levels of the system of executive power institutions, political opposition are analysed. The object of research is the political opposition in Belarus. The subject of research is political opposition as a factor of presidentialization of higher and central levels of the system of executive power institutions in Belarus. The aim of the research is determining the features of organization and functioning of the political opposition in the context of (...) presidentialization of higher and central levels of the system of executive power institutions in Belarus. Main tasks of research are: 1) to define concepts of system of executive power institutions, presidentialization of higher and central levels of the system of executive power institutions, political opposition; 2) to analyse the impact of political opposition on presidentialization of higher and central levels of the system of executive power institutions in Belarus; 3) to define factors of evolution of political opposition in Belarus. Determining of the features of organization and functioning of the political opposition, we set that these features lead to presidentialization of higher and central levels of the system of executive power institutions at specific stages of the development of forms of government in Belarus. In further studies, the main goal will be to specificate the stages and levels, determine other factors, institutional and functional consequences of presidentialization of the systems of executive power institutions in Belarus. (shrink)

This paper describes the development of Ukrainian-Belarusian relations. There are shown the basic directions of inter-state cooperation. It is noted the main barriers on the way of construct of complete relations are the significant differences in foreign policy directions, and conflicting the internal political realities. Attention is focused on pragmatic Ukrainian-Belarusian cooperation, as evidenced by the traditionally high level of trade and economic activity. After analyzing the state of Ukrainian-Belarusian relations at the present stage, we can state their ambiguity. Although (...) Ukrainian and Belarusian sides are well aware of the possibility and the need for closer economic cooperation, as well as the low level of political cooperation, relations between Ukraine and Belarus marked absence of significant differences, or vice versa manifestations of good neighborliness and friendship on both sides. Despite the considerable experience of cooperation and a common history of relations between conflicting domestic political realities, as well as different foreign policy orientation impede the full development of interstate relations, which still have no systemic in nature and not subordinated to the strategic interests of the parties. (shrink)

Now creating a new global energy market, and it is connected with natural gas. The creation of this market brings new opportunities and risks, creating new interdependencies and geopolitical association and will have a far-reaching impact on the world economy. As natural gas will become the subject of international trade, it becomes a decisive factor in satisfaction of many pressing needs The activities of international organizations plays a central role in the international energy security and balance in the distribution of (...) natural resources. Particular relevant today is the integration of countries - producers and countries - exporters of natural resources. Among such communities should note the work of the Forum countries - exporters gas. In the article reviewed and analyzed the background of creation of Gas Exporting Countries Forum. The main focus is made by the author on the factors that were the result of the development of modern gas industry and contributed to the unifiation of the exporting countries of natural gas. Emphasis on Russia’s position as a major gas producer in establishing Forum. The author tries to defie the tasks, the realization of which has been one of the reasons for the consolidation of gas producers. Also consider restrictions that prevent the formation of the organization of gas producers. (shrink)

The factors that directly or indirectly inflence the formation of potential protest activity of citizens of Ukraine and at the same time fi into the context of contemporary social conflct. We consider institutional structure of non-violent protest, its qualitative and quantitative characteristics, including the main reasons that motivate people to go out on the street, public participation in the activities of NGOs and initiatives sociological «cut» type of political culture, meaningful description of the social capital of Ukrainian society and so (...) on. (shrink)

У статті визначено поняття криптовалюти. Проаналізовано відповідність криптовалюти статусу грошей. Висвітлено основні етапи розвитку криптовалюти. Розглянуто переваги та недоліки використання криптовалюти біткоїн. Досліджено правовий статус криптовалюти в країнах світу. Охарактеризовано стан використання найбільш відомої криптовалюти Bitcoin в Україні.

Публікація вводить до наукового обігу рукопис професора Київської духовної академії Петра Кудрявцева, присвячений похованням, що були виявлені у 1878–1879 р. під підлогою Богоявленського собору Києво-Братського монастиря. Під час заміни підлоги намісник монастиря спустився у підпомістя собору, де знайшов два раніше невідомих поховання. В одній труні було тіло у священному облаченні та митрі, другу труну, кам’яну, намісник вирішив не відкривати та не оглядати. Інформацію про ці поховання Петро Кудрявцев отримав від не названого ним знавця київської старовини у 1920-ті рр. За його (...) припущенням, у першій із трун був похований відомий церковний діяч XVII ст. митрополит Газький Паїсій Лігарид, а кам’яна труна могла належати гетьманові Петру Сагайдачному. Обидва поховання було здійснено в Братському монастирі ще до спорудження мурованого Богоявленського собору. Ймовірно, під час будівництва собору обидві могили опинилися у його межах — у підпіллі. Ці поховання ніколи не досліджувалися та були втрачені під час знищення собору у 1935 р. Наведене у додатку повідомлення Кудрявцев зробив на одному із засідань Комісії Києва і Правобережної України, що діяла при Історичній секції Всеукраїнської Академії наук упродовж 1924–1931 рр. Рукопис нині зберігається в архіві Московської духовної академії. (shrink)

У статті аналізується заснування Олицької семінарії/колегіуму в контексті намірів людей, що були до цього причетні. Зокрема, обговорено стан церковної освіти в Луцькій католицькій дієцезії кінця XVI — першої третини ст. та гіпотетичні причини закладення семінарії не в Луцьку, а в Олиці, малому приватному містечку Радзивилів. Під цим кутом зору розглянуто заходи зі створення нового навчального закладу його ініціатора, олицького препозита Францишека Ксаверія Заєрського, а також підтримку цієї ініціативи тогочасним власником Олики князем Альбрехтом Радзивилом. Висунуто припущення, що Олику було обрано місцем (...) заснування нової школи, з одного боку, з метою «підготовки кадрів» (управлінських і церковних) для Олицької ординації Радзвилів, а з другого — аби уникнути конкуренції із Луцьким єзуїтським колегіумом. Проаналізовано організаційні засади функціонування Олицької школи як навчального закладу з «подвійним» — церковним і світським — статусом; окрему увагу зосереджено на причинах та обставинах перетворення Олицької школи у 1637 р. на академічну колонію Замойської академії та представлено характер взаємодії між олицьким осередком і Академією. (shrink)

The discrete–structural structure of the world is described. In comparison with the idea of Heraclitus about an indissoluble world, preference is given to the discrete world of Democritus. It is noted that if the discrete atoms of Democritus were simple and indivisible, the atoms of the modern world indicated in the article would possess, rather, a structural structure. The article proves the problem of how the mutual connection of mathematics and philosophy influences cognition, which creates a discrete–structural worldview. The author (...) notes that the appearance of writing, symbolic language and the depiction of the picture of the world through mathematics, led us into the sphere of discrete mathematical mathematics. (shrink)

In the paper becoming of decision making theory in international relations is studied. Сomprehensively and on concrete examples the features of foreign-policy decisions are considered. Special attention is dedicated to research of game theory.