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  1. The Importance of Realism about Gender Kinds: Lessons from Beauvoir.Theodore Bach - 2023 - Analyse & Kritik 45 (2):269-295.
    Beauvoir’s The Second Sex stands out as a master class in the accommodation of conceptual and inferential practices to real, objective gender kinds. Or so I will argue. To establish this framing, we will first need in hand the kind of scientific epistemology that correctly reconciles epistemic progress and error, particularly as pertains to the unruly social sciences. An important goal of the paper is to develop that epistemological framework and unlock its ontological implications for the domain of gender. As (...)
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  • The gates to the profession are open: the alternative institutionalization of data science.Netta Avnoon - 2024 - Theory and Society 53 (2):239-271.
    In this study, I examine the institutional model of data science as a nascent profession undergoing an occupational founding phase. Drawing on interviews with sixty data scientists, senior managers, and professors from Israel as well as observations at the local professional community’s events, I argue that data scientists endorse an open institutional model, upholding largely internet-based institutions focusing on knowledge sharing, networking, and collaboration. This model grants data scientists expertise, autonomy, and authority vis-à-vis clients, employers, and states; provides them with (...)
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  • Beauvoir or Butler? Comparing ‘Becoming a Woman’ with ‘Performing Gender’ Through the Life Course.Susan Pickard - 2023 - Analyse & Kritik 45 (2):215-241.
    Judith Butler claims to have based her theory of gender performance on Simone de Beauvoir’s path-breaking idea that one is not born, but rather becomes, a woman. However, Butler’s interpretation of Beauvoir’s work departs considerably from Beauvoir’s own expressed view which is that women are shaped by an interplay of femininity (construed by cultural and structural norms) and sexed bodies and that the concept of woman is a mutable one that can accommodate increasing degrees of freedom. In this paper I (...)
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  • Gendered AI: German news media discourse on the future of work.Tanja Carstensen & Kathrin Ganz - forthcoming - AI and Society:1-13.
    In recent years, there has been a growing public discourse regarding the influence AI will have on the future of work. Simultaneously, considerable critical attention has been given to the implications of AI on gender equality. Far from making precise predictions about the future, this discourse demonstrates that new technologies are instances for renegotiating the relation of gender and work. This paper examines how gender is addressed in news media discourse on AI and the future of work, focusing on Germany. (...)
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  • Does the Pandemic Affect Inequality Within Families?: The Case of Dual-Earner Couples in Israel.Meir Yaish, Tali Kristal & Efrat Herzberg-Druker - 2022 - Gender and Society 36 (6):895-921.
    This article exploits the unique consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak to examine whether time constraints drive the unequal division of unpaid labor between dual-earner couples in Israel. Using the first wave of longitudinal household data that was collected in Israel since the outbreak of the pandemic, we focused on 325 dual-earner couples who stayed employed during the first lockdown. By employing OLS regressions, we examined the association between changes in employment hours and changes in unpaid labor for partnered men (...)
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  • “Just Let it Pass by and it Will Fall on Some Woman”: Invisible Work in the Labor Market.Amit Kaplan - 2022 - Gender and Society 36 (6):838-868.
    Invisible work is neither defined nor recognized as labor and is not compensated as such. Studies show that manifestations of invisible work at home flow into the marketplace. What is lacking is systematic conceptualization and measurement of invisible work in the labor market built upon women’s and men’s knowledge and experiences. In this study, I address this lacuna using mixed-method sequential analysis. Twelve group interviews of employed women and men of varied socioeconomic locations in Israel yielded diverse expressions of invisible (...)
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  • Queering Doing Gender: The Curious Absence of Ethnomethodology in Gender Studies and in Sociology.S. L. Crawley - forthcoming - Sociological Theory:073527512211348.
    “Doing Gender,” Candance West and Don Zimmerman’s famous 1987 article, has become a folk concept—a trope or commonsense resource within the sociology of gender. Yet at the same time, most gender scholars overlook its ethnomethodological premise, visible in both poststructuralist misunderstandings of its argument outside the discipline of sociology and what I term a realist misunderstanding of it in the study of structures and identities within the discipline. Reading West and Zimmerman queerly while clarifying ethnomethodology’s ontology, I refocus attention for (...)
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  • Gender-Typed Skill Co-Occurrence and Occupational Sex Segregation: The Case of Professional Occupations in the United States, 2011–2015.Constance Hsiung - 2022 - Gender and Society 36 (4):469-497.
    Studies of occupational sex segregation rely on the sociocultural model to explain why some occupations are numerically dominated by women and others by men. This model argues that occupational sex segregation is driven by norms about gender-appropriate work, which are frequently conceptualized as gender-typed skills: work-related tasks, abilities, and knowledge domains that society views as either feminine or masculine. The sociocultural model thus explains the primary patterns of occupational sex segregation, which conform to these norms: Requirements for feminine skills increase (...)
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  • Revisiting the Gender Revolution: Time on Paid Work, Domestic Work, and Total Work in East Asian and Western Societies 1985–2016.Jiweon Jun, Shohei Yoda, Ekaterina Hertog, Kamila Kolpashnikova, Muzhi Zhou & Man-Yee Kan - 2022 - Gender and Society 36 (3):368-396.
    We analyze time use data of four East Asian societies and 12 Western countries between 1985 and 2016 to investigate the gender revolution in paid work, domestic work, and total work. The closing of gender gaps in paid work, domestic work, and total work time has stalled in the most recent decade in several countries. The magnitude of the gender gaps, cultural contexts, and welfare policies plays a key role in determining whether the gender revolution in the division of labor (...)
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  • “He’s a Mr. Mom”: Cultural Ambivalence in Print News Depictions of Stay-at-Home Fathers, 1987–2016.Torie Lucas, Pamela Stone & Arielle Kuperberg - 2022 - Gender and Society 36 (3):313-341.
    Stay-at-home fathers challenge norms related to masculinity and gendered divisions of parenting roles. We conduct a content analysis of 94 print news articles about at-home fathers published 1987–2016 in the United States, identifying key themes and comparing results with our earlier research on news depictions of at-home mothers. We also analyze national trends in fathers staying home using Current Population Survey data to understand contexts in which articles were published. Articles were family-centric and disproportionately focused on economic elites, emphasizing their (...)
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  • Climax as Work: Heteronormativity, Gender Labor, and the Gender Gap in Orgasms.Melanie Heath, Tina Fetner & Nicole Andrejek - 2022 - Gender and Society 36 (2):189-213.
    Gender scholars have addressed a variety of gender gaps between men and women, including a gender gap in orgasms. In this mixed-methods study of heterosexual Canadians, we examine how men and women engage in gender labor that limits women’s orgasms relative to men. With representative survey data, we test existing hypotheses that sexual behaviors and relationship contexts contribute to the gender gap in orgasms. We confirm previous research that sexual practices focusing on clitoral stimulation are associated with women’s orgasms. With (...)
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  • Gendered Interpretations of Job Loss and Subsequent Professional Pathways.Aliya Hamid Rao - 2021 - Gender and Society 35 (6):884-909.
    While we know that career interruptions shape men’s and women’s professional trajectories, we know less about how job loss may matter for this process. Drawing on interviews with unemployed, college-educated men and women in professional occupations, I show that while both men and women interpret their job loss as due to impersonal “business” decisions, women additionally attribute their job loss as arising from employers’ “personal” decisions. Men’s job loss shapes their subsequent preferred professional pathways, but never in a way that (...)
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  • The Gender Mobility Paradox: Gender Segregation and Women’s Mobility Across Gender-Type Boundaries, 1970–2018.Jerry A. Jacobs & Margarita Torre - 2021 - Gender and Society 35 (6):853-883.
    In this article, we examine trends in women’s mobility among male-dominated, gender-neutral, and female-dominated occupations. Earlier research, largely employing data from the 1970s and early 1980s, showed that along with significant net movement by women into male-dominated fields, there was also substantial attrition from male-dominated occupations. Here, we build on previous research by examining how “gender-type” mobility rates have changed in recent decades. The findings indicate that while still quite high, levels of women’s occupational mobility among female, gender-neutral, and male (...)
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  • Divergent Gender Revolutions: Cohort Changes in Household Financial Management across Income Gradients.Yang Hu - 2021 - Gender and Society 35 (5):746-777.
    The ways in which partners manage their money provide important clues to gender inequality in and the nature of couple relationships. Analyzing data from nationally representative surveys, I examine changes across British cohorts born between the 1920s and 1990s in their household financial management, and how the changes vary across individuals and couples occupying differential income positions. The results show divergent, nuanced cohort trends toward gender equality in couples’ money management. Across successive cohorts of low-earning women, there has been a (...)
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  • The Specter of Motherhood: Culture and the Production of Gendered Career Aspirations in Science and Engineering.Catherine J. Taylor & Sarah Thébaud - 2021 - Gender and Society 35 (3):395-421.
    Why are young women less likely than young men to persist in academic science and engineering? Drawing on 57 in-depth interviews with PhD students and postdoctoral scholars in the United States, we describe how, in academic science and engineering, motherhood is constructed in opposition to professional legitimacy, and as a subject of fear, repudiation, and public controversy. We call this the “specter of motherhood.” This specter disadvantages young women and amplifies anticipatory concerns about combining an academic career with motherhood. By (...)
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  • Covid-19 and The Gender Gap in Employment Among Parents of Young Children in Canada.Yue Qian & Sylvia Fuller - 2021 - Gender and Society 35 (2):206-217.
    Economic and social disruptions of the COVID-19 pandemic have important implications for gender and class inequality. Drawing on Statistics Canada’s monthly Labour Force Survey, we document trends in gender gaps in employment and work hours over the pandemic. Our findings highlight the importance of care provisions for gender equity, with gaps larger among parents than people without children, and most pronounced when care and employment were more difficult to reconcile. When employment barriers eased, so did the gender–employment gap. The pandemic (...)
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  • Who Speaks and Who Listens: Revisiting the Chilly Climate in College Classrooms.Janice M. Mccabe & Jennifer J. Lee - 2021 - Gender and Society 35 (1):32-60.
    Almost 40 years ago, scholars identified a “chilly climate” for women in college classrooms. To examine whether contemporary college classrooms remain “chilly,” we conducted quantitative and qualitative observations in nine classrooms across multiple disciplines at one elite institution. Based on these 95 hours of observation, we discuss three gendered classroom participation patterns. First, on average, men students occupy classroom sonic space 1.6 times as often as women. Men also speak out without raising hands, interrupt, and engage in prolonged conversations during (...)
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  • “If I’m Going to Do It, I’m Going to Do It Right”: Intensive Mothering Ideologies among Childless Women Who Elect Egg Freezing.Kit Myers - 2017 - Gender and Society 31 (6):777-803.
    Researchers have documented the dominance of intensive mothering ideologies and their impact on mothers and their families. However, the effect of these ideologies on childless women has received little attention. I draw on interview data to examine the parenting ideologies of childless women with electively frozen eggs. I demonstrate that incorporation of and commitment to intensive mothering ideologies affect fertility decision making among these childless women. I find that concerns about the heavy burdens of intensive motherhood, coupled with unsupportive partners (...)
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  • SWS 2016 Feminist Lecture: Reducing Gender Biases In Modern Workplaces: A Small Wins Approach to Organizational Change.Shelley J. Correll - 2017 - Gender and Society 31 (6):725-750.
    The accumulation and advancement of gender scholarship over past decades has led us to the point where gender scholars today can leverage our deep understanding of the reproduction of gender inequality to develop and test models of change. In this lecture, I present one such model designed to reduce the negative effects of stereotypic biases on women’s workplace outcomes. After synthesizing the literature on stereotyping and bias and showing the limits of past change efforts, I develop a “small wins” model (...)
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  • Gender, Debt, and Dropping Out of College.Laura McCloud, Randy Hodson & Rachel E. Dwyer - 2013 - Gender and Society 27 (1):30-55.
    For many young Americans, access to credit has become critical to completing a college education and embarking on a successful career path. Young people increasingly face the trade-off of taking on debt to complete college or foregoing college and taking their chances in the labor market without a college degree. These trade-offs are gendered by differences in college preparation and support and by the different labor market opportunities women and men face that affect the value of a college degree and (...)
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  • Marital Name Change as a Window into Gender Attitudes.Brian Powell, Claudia Geist & Laura Hamilton - 2011 - Gender and Society 25 (2):145-175.
    The need to revise scholars’ approach to the measurement of gender attitudes—long dominated by the separate-spheres paradigm—is growing increasingly timely as women’s share of the labor force approaches parity with men’s. Recent years have seen revived interest in marital name change as a gendered practice with the potential to aid in this task; however, scholars have yet to test its effectiveness as one possible indicator of gender attitudes. In this article we present views toward marital name change as a potential (...)
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  • Unfair Tournaments: Gender Stereotyping and Wage Discrimination among Italian Graduates.Luisa Rosti & Carolina Castagnetti - 2013 - Gender and Society 27 (5):630-658.
    This paper addresses the gender pay gap among Italian university graduates on entry to the labor market, and stresses the potential for gender stereotypes to impact subjective assessment of individual productivity. We build upon previous research about gender and wage inequality, introducing tournament theory as a framework for the gender pay gap analysis. We hypothesize that the effects of gender make occupational tournaments less fair in some arenas compared with others. As a consequence, men workers have higher probabilities of winning (...)
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  • The Revised MRS: Gender Complementarity at College.Laura T. Hamilton - 2014 - Gender and Society 28 (2):236-264.
    Using an ethnographic and longitudinal interview study of college women and in-depth interviews with their parents, I argue that mid-tier flagship universities still push women toward gender complementarity—a gender-traditional model of economic security pairing a career oriented man with a financially dependent woman. Combining multilevel and intersectional theories, I show that the infrastructure and campus peer culture at Midwest University supports this gendered logic of class reproduction, which reflects an affluent, white, and heterosexual femininity. I argue that this logic may (...)
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  • Negotiating Courtship: Reconciling Egalitarian Ideals with Traditional Gender Norms.Ellen Lamont - 2014 - Gender and Society 28 (2):189-211.
    Traditional courtship norms delineate distinct gendered behaviors for men and women based on the model of a dominant, breadwinning male and a passive, dependent female. Previous research shows, however, that as women have increased their access to earned income, there has been a rising ideological and behavioral commitment to egalitarian relationships. Drawing on in-depth interviews with 38 college-educated women, this article explores how women negotiate these seemingly contradictory beliefs in order to understand how and why gendered courtship conventions persist even (...)
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  • Gay Pay for Straight Work: Mechanisms Generating Disadvantage.Nicole Denier & Sean Waite - 2015 - Gender and Society 29 (4):561-588.
    Drawing from the gender wage gap literature, we explore four possible causes of sexual minority earnings gaps: variation in human capital and labor force participation, occupational and industrial sorting, differences in the institutional organization of the public and private sector, and different returns to marriage and parenthood. Using the 2006 Census of Canada, we find that heterosexual men earn more than gay men, followed by lesbians and heterosexual women. Oaxaca-Blinder decompositions show that industry of employment, rather than occupation, disadvantages gay (...)
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  • Programs for Undergraduate Women in Science and Engineering: Issues, Problems, and Solutions.Irina Nikiforova, Gerhard Sonnert & Mary Frank Fox - 2011 - Gender and Society 25 (5):589-615.
    We analyze programs for undergraduate women in science and engineering as strategic research sites in the study of disparities between women and men in scientific fields within higher education. Based on responses to a survey of the directors of the universe of these programs in the United States, the findings reveal key patterns in the programs’ definitions of the issues of women in science and engineering, their solutions to address the issues, their goals and perceived success with goals, and their (...)
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  • Youth Privilege: Doing Age and Gender in Russia’s Single-Mother Families.Jennifer Utrata - 2011 - Gender and Society 25 (5):616-641.
    Relative to gender, race, and class, age relations are undertheorized. Yet age, like gender, is routinely accomplished in daily life. Grandmothers and adult daughters simultaneously do age and gender as they support one another in managing paid work and domestic responsibilities. Drawing on ethnographic data and interviews with 90 single mothers and 30 grandmothers in Russia, I explore intergenerational negotiations for support. Both single mothers and grandmothers are held accountable for doing gendered age, but labor and marriage markets tip the (...)
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  • “I Feel Like It’s a Heavier Burden...”: The Gendered Contours of Heterosexual Partnering after Welfare Reform.Jill Weigt - 2010 - Gender and Society 24 (5):565-590.
    One of the explicit goals of the 1996 welfare reform in the United States was to create conditions that would encourage marriage as a means of reducing poverty and welfare “dependency.” With the exception of a few notable studies that examine reliance on abusive partners and former partners, relatively little scholarly attention has been given to the contours of partnering after welfare reform. Using a feminist lens on data from two qualitative studies, the author examines the partnership experiences of a (...)
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  • Gender Segregation in Elite Academic Science.Cassandra Tansey, Anne E. Lincoln & Elaine Howard Ecklund - 2012 - Gender and Society 26 (5):693-717.
    Efforts to understand gender segregation within and among science disciplines have focused on both supply- and demand-side explanations. Yet we know little about how academic scientists themselves view the sources of such segregation. Utilizing data from a survey of scientists at thirty top U.S. graduate programs in physics and biology and semistructured interviews with 150 of them, this article examines the reasons academic scientists provide for differences in the distribution of women in biology and physics. In quantitative analyses, gender is (...)
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  • Occupational Gender Segregation, Globalization, and Gender Earnings Inequality in U.S. Metropolitan Areas.Michael Wallace, Maura Kelly & Gordon Gauchat - 2012 - Gender and Society 26 (5):718-747.
    Previous research on gender-based economic inequality has emphasized occupational segregation as the leading explanatory factor for the gender wage gap. Yet the globalization of the U.S. economy has affected gender inequality in fundamental ways and potentially diminished the influence of occupational gender segregation. We examine whether occupational gender segregation continues to be the main determinant of gender earnings inequality and to what extent globalization processes have emerged as important determinants of inequality between women’s and men’s earnings. We study factors contributing (...)
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  • Gender Discrimination at Work: Connecting Gender Stereotypes, Institutional Policies, and Gender Composition of Workplace.Donna Bobbitt-Zeher - 2011 - Gender and Society 25 (6):764-786.
    Research on gender inequality has posited the importance of gender discrimination for women’s experiences at work. Previous studies have suggested that gender stereotyping and organizational factors may contribute to discrimination. Yet it is not well understood how these elements connect to foster gender discrimination in everyday workplaces. This work contributes to our understanding of these relationships by analyzing 219 discrimination narratives constructed from sex discrimination cases brought before the Ohio Civil Rights Commission. By looking across a variety of actual work (...)
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  • Forms of Femininity at the End of a Customary Marriage.Elena Moore - 2015 - Gender and Society 29 (6):817-840.
    This paper explores women’s daily practice of resistance built into the racialized and gendered social structure of customary marriages in South Africa. I argue that women resist, accommodate, adapt, and contest power and authority in the decision to leave the marriage, in negotiating the exit from the marriage, and in their approach to the financial consequences of the separation. By using the myriad of daily practices as evidence for resistance, the study identifies three forms of femininities that emerge from the (...)
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  • Extensive Mothering: Employed Mothers’ Constructions of the Good Mother.Karen Christopher - 2012 - Gender and Society 26 (1):73-96.
    Social scientists have provided rich descriptions of the ascendant cultural ideologies surrounding motherhood and paid work. In this article, I use in-depth interviews with a diverse sample of 40 employed mothers to explore how they navigate the “intensive mother” and “ideal worker” ideologies and construct their own accounts of good mothering. Married mothers in this sample construct scripts of “extensive mothering,” in which they delegate substantial amounts of the day-to-day child care to others, and reframe good mothering as being “in (...)
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  • Gender, Work-Family Responsibilities, and Sleep.Anthony R. Bardo, Rachel A. Sebastian & David J. Maume - 2010 - Gender and Society 24 (6):746-768.
    This study adds to a small but growing literature that situates sleep within gendered work— family responsibilities. We conducted interviews with 25 heterosexual dual-earner working-class couples with children, most of whom had one partner who worked at night. A few men suffered disrupted sleep because of their commitment to being a coparent to their children, but for most their provider status gave them rights to longer and more continuous sleep. By contrast, as they were the primary caregiver during sentient hours, (...)
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  • Gender Inequality and Time Allocations Among Academic Faculty.Sarah Winslow - 2010 - Gender and Society 24 (6):769-793.
    This article focuses on faculty members’ allocation of time to teaching and research, conceptualizing these—and the mismatch between preferred and actual time allocations—as examples of gender inequality in academic employment. Utilizing data from the 1999 National Study of Postsecondary Faculty, I find that women faculty members prefer to spend a greater percentage of their time on teaching, while men prefer to spend more time on research, although these preferences are themselves constrained; women faculty members spend a greater percentage of their (...)
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  • Sex Segregation in the Blue-collar Occupations: Women’s Choices or Unremedied Discrimination?: Comment on England.Barbara R. Bergmann - 2011 - Gender and Society 25 (1):88-93.
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  • Visible Bodies, Vicarious Masculinity, and “The Gender Revolution”: Comment on England.Sara L. Crawley - 2011 - Gender and Society 25 (1):108-112.
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  • Reassessing the Uneven Gender Revolution and its Slowdown.Paula England - 2011 - Gender and Society 25 (1):113-123.
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  • What Trends? Whose Choices?: Comment on England.Michelle L. Maroto & Barbara F. Reskin - 2011 - Gender and Society 25 (1):81-87.
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  • Women and Men as Class and Race Actors: Comment on England.Leslie McCall - 2011 - Gender and Society 25 (1):94-100.
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  • An Unfinished Revolution: England Symposium Introduction.Anastasia Prokos - 2011 - Gender and Society 25 (1):75-80.
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  • The Uneven Pace of Change in Heterosexual Romantic Relationships: Comment on England.Christine R. Schwartz & Nikki L. Graf - 2011 - Gender and Society 25 (1):101-107.
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  • A “Major Career Woman”?: How Women Develop Early Expectations about Work.Sarah Damaske - 2011 - Gender and Society 25 (4):409-430.
    Using data from 80 in-depth qualitative interviews with women randomly sampled from New York City, I ask: how do women develop expectations about their future workforce participation? Using an intersectional approach, I find that women’s expectations about workforce participation stem from gendered, classed, and raced ideas of who works full-time. Socioeconomic status, race, gender, and sexuality influenced early expectations about work and the process through which these expectations developed. Women from white and Latino working-class families were evenly divided in their (...)
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  • Masculinity and the Stalled Revolution: How Gender Ideologies and Norms Shape Young Men’s Responses to Work–Family Policies.David S. Pedulla & Sarah Thébaud - 2016 - Gender and Society 30 (4):590-617.
    Extant research suggests that supportive work–family policies promote gender equality in the workplace and in the household. Yet, evidence indicates that these policies generally have stronger effects on women’s preferences and behaviors than men’s. In this article, we draw on survey-experimental data to examine how young, unmarried men’s gender ideologies and perceptions of normative masculinity may moderate the effect of supportive work–family policy interventions on their preferences for structuring their future work and family life. Specifically, we examine whether men’s prescriptive (...)
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  • The Division of Child Care, Sexual Intimacy, and Relationship Quality in Couples.Andrea Fitzroy, Sarah Hanson & Daniel L. Carlson - 2016 - Gender and Society 30 (3):442-466.
    Increasingly, both mothers and fathers are expected to play an equal role in child rearing. Nonetheless, we know little about how child care arrangements affect couples’ sexual intimacy and relationship quality. Research has focused on the effect of the division of paid labor and housework on couples’ relationships, finding that egalitarianism is problematic for sexual intimacy, relationship quality, and relationship stability. These findings, however, come almost universally from studies utilizing decades-old data that fail to examine the division of child care. (...)
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  • Unpacking Americans’ Views of the Employment of Mothers and Fathers Using National Vignette Survey Data: SWS Presidential Address.Kathleen Gerson & Jerry A. Jacobs - 2016 - Gender and Society 30 (3):413-441.
    Drawing on findings from an original national survey experiment, we unpack Americans’ views on the employment of mothers and fathers with young children. This study provides a fuller account of contemporary attitudes than is available from surveys such as the General Social Survey. After seeing vignettes that vary the circumstances in which married mothers, single mothers, and married fathers make decisions about paid work and caregiving, the respondents’ views swing from strong support to deep skepticism about a parent’s work participation, (...)
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  • Making A Career: Reproducing Gender within a Predominately Female Profession.Latonya J. Trotter - 2017 - Gender and Society 31 (4):503-525.
    In this study, I apply the perspective of gendered organizations to nursing and use ethnographically informed career biographies of nurse practitioners, a subset of highly credentialed nurses, to investigate the reproduction of gender by inclusionary institutional practices. My findings illustrate how nursing’s historically subordinate position as a female profession has led to institutional arrangements and aspirational resources for contemporary careers. Features such as flexible educational institutions and an extended credentials ladder allow women to recast structural constraints into individual possibilities. This (...)
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  • Gendered Organizations in the New Economy.Kristine Kilanski, Chandra Muller & Christine L. Williams - 2012 - Gender and Society 26 (4):549-573.
    Gender scholars draw on the “theory of gendered organizations” to explain persistent gender inequality in the workplace. This theory argues that gender inequality is built into work organizations in which jobs are characterized by long-term security, standardized career ladders and job descriptions, and management controlled evaluations. Over the past few decades, this basic organizational logic has been transformed. In the so-called new economy, work is increasingly characterized by job insecurity, teamwork, career maps, and networking. Using a case study of geoscientists (...)
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  • Exploring Bias in Math Teachers’ Perceptions of Students’ Ability by Gender and Race/ethnicity.Melissa Humphries & Catherine Riegle-Crumb - 2012 - Gender and Society 26 (2):290-322.
    This study explores whether gender stereotypes about math ability shape high school teachers’ assessments of the students with whom they interact daily, resulting in the presence of conditional bias. It builds on theories of intersectionality by exploring teachers’ perceptions of students in different gender and racial/ethnic subgroups and advances the literature on the salience of gender across contexts by considering variation across levels of math course-taking in the academic hierarchy. Analyses of nationally representative data from the Education Longitudinal Study of (...)
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  • Subjects of stalled revolution: A theoretical consideration of contemporary American femininity.Jennifer Carlson - 2011 - Feminist Theory 12 (1):75-91.
    This article suggests that looking at the ways in which subjects relate to and internalise gender norms is a fruitful way to explore socially constructed differences between masculinity and femininity in the U.S. Throughout this article, I am in dialogue with Judith Butler’s theory of gender performativity as I focus on practices of subject formation that I denote as ‘logics’ of subject formation. I propose several key ways to distinguish a feminine logic of subject formation from a masculine logic of (...)
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