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  1. Perceptual symbol systems.Lawrence W. Barsalou - 1999 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 22 (4):577-660.
    Prior to the twentieth century, theories of knowledge were inherently perceptual. Since then, developments in logic, statis- tics, and programming languages have inspired amodal theories that rest on principles fundamentally different from those underlying perception. In addition, perceptual approaches have become widely viewed as untenable because they are assumed to implement record- ing systems, not conceptual systems. A perceptual theory of knowledge is developed here in the context of current cognitive science and neuroscience. During perceptual experience, association areas in the (...)
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  • Generative memory.Kourken Michaelian - 2011 - Philosophical Psychology 24 (3):323-342.
    This paper explores the implications of the psychology of constructive memory for philosophical theories of the metaphysics of memory and for a central question in the epistemology of memory. I first develop a general interpretation of the psychology of constructive memory. I then argue, on the basis of this interpretation, for an updated version of Martin and Deutscher's influential causal theory of memory. I conclude by sketching the implications of this updated theory for the question of memory 's status as (...)
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  • Beyond the comparator model: A multi-factorial two-step account of agency.Matthis Synofzik, Gottfried Vosgerau & Albert Newen - 2008 - Consciousness and Cognition 17 (1):219-239.
    There is an increasing amount of empirical work investigating the sense of agency, i.e. the registration that we are the initiators of our own actions. Many studies try to relate the sense of agency to an internal feed-forward mechanism, called the ‘‘comparator model’’. In this paper, we draw a sharp distinction between a non-conceptual level of feeling of agency and a conceptual level of judgement of agency. By analyzing recent empirical studies, we show that the comparator model is not able (...)
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  • Philosophy and Memory Traces: Descartes to Connectionism.John Sutton - 1998 - New York: Cambridge University Press.
    Philosophy and Memory Traces defends two theories of autobiographical memory. One is a bewildering historical view of memories as dynamic patterns in fleeting animal spirits, nervous fluids which rummaged through the pores of brain and body. The other is new connectionism, in which memories are 'stored' only superpositionally, and reconstructed rather than reproduced. Both models, argues John Sutton, depart from static archival metaphors by employing distributed representation, which brings interference and confusion between memory traces. Both raise urgent issues about control (...)
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  • Précis of Elements of episodic memory.Endel Tulving - 1984 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 7 (2):223.
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  • (1 other version)Why do we remember? The communicative function of episodic memory.Johannes B. Mahr & Gergely Csibra - 2018 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 41.
    Episodic memory has been analyzed in a number of different ways in both philosophy and psychology, and most controversy has centered on its self-referential,autonoeticcharacter. Here, we offer a comprehensive characterization of episodic memory in representational terms and propose a novel functional account on this basis. We argue that episodic memory should be understood as a distinctive epistemic attitude taken toward an event simulation. In this view, episodic memory has a metarepresentational format and should not be equated with beliefs about the (...)
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  • Mental Time Travel? A Neurocognitive Model of Event Simulation.Donna Rose Addis - 2020 - Review of Philosophy and Psychology 11 (2):233-259.
    Mental time travel is defined as projecting the self into the past and the future. Despite growing evidence of the similarities of remembering past and imagining future events, dominant theories conceive of these as distinct capacities. I propose that memory and imagination are fundamentally the same process – constructive episodic simulation – and demonstrate that the ‘simulation system’ meets the three criteria of a neurocognitive system. Irrespective of whether one is remembering or imagining, the simulation system: acts on the same (...)
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  • Autonoesis and belief in a personal past: an evolutionary theory of episodic memory indices.Stan Klein - 2014 - Review of Philosophy and Psychology 5 (3):427-447.
    In this paper I discuss philosophical and psychological treatments of the question "how do we decide that an occurrent mental state is a memory and not, say a thought or imagination?" This issue has proven notoriously difficult to resolve, with most proposed indices, criteria and heuristics failing to achieve consensus. Part of the difficulty, I argue, is that the indices and analytic solutions thus far offered seldom have been situated within a well-specified theory of memory function. As I hope to (...)
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  • Is memory a natural kind?Kourken Michaelian - 2011 - Memory Studies 4 (2):170-189.
    Though researchers often refer to memory as if it were a unitary phenomenon, a natural kind, the apparent heterogeneity of the various "kinds" of memory casts doubt on this default view. This paper argues, first, that kinds of memory are individuated by memory systems. It argues, second, for a view of the nature of kinds of memory informed by the tri-level hypothesis. If this approach to kinds of memory is right, then memory is not in fact a natural kind.
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  • Perceptions of perceptual symbols.Lawrence Barsalou - 1999 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 22 (4):637-660.
    Various defenses of amodal symbol systems are addressed, including amodal symbols in sensory-motor areas, the causal theory of concepts, supramodal concepts, latent semantic analysis, and abstracted amodal symbols. Various aspects of perceptual symbol systems are clarified and developed, including perception, features, simulators, category structure, frames, analogy, introspection, situated action, and development. Particular attention is given to abstract concepts, language, and computational mechanisms.
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  • Comparative analysis of episodic memory.David S. Olton - 1984 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 7 (2):250.
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  • Above and beyond the concrete: The diverse representational substrates of the predictive brain.Michael Gilead, Yaacov Trope & Nira Liberman - 2020 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 43:e121.
    In recent years, scientists have increasingly taken to investigate the predictive nature of cognition. We argue that prediction relies on abstraction, and thus theories of predictive cognition need an explicit theory of abstract representation. We propose such a theory of the abstract representational capacities that allow humans to transcend the “here-and-now.” Consistent with the predictive cognition literature, we suggest that the representational substrates of the mind are built as ahierarchy, ranging from the concrete to the abstract; however, we argue that (...)
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  • The anomaly called psi: Recent research and criticism.K. Ramakrishna Rao & John Palmer - 1987 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 10 (4):539-51.
    Over the past hundred years, a number of scientific investigators claim to have adduced experimental evidence for phenomena information” seems to behave like a weak signal that has to compete for the information-processing resources of the organism, a reduction of ongoing sensorimotor activity may facilitate ESP detection. Such a meaningful convergence of results suggests that psi phenomena may represent a unitary, coherent process whose nature and compatibility with current physical theory have yet to be determined. The theoretical implications and potential (...)
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  • Felt Reality and the Opacity of Perception.Jérôme Dokic & Jean-Rémy Martin - 2017 - Topoi 36 (2):299-309.
    We investigate the nature of the sense of presence that usually accompanies perceptual experience. We show that the notion of a sense of presence can be interpreted in two ways, corresponding to the sense that we are acquainted with an object, and the sense that the object is real. In this essay, we focus on the sense of reality. Drawing on several case studies such as derealization disorder, Parkinson’s disease and virtual reality, we argue that the sense of reality is (...)
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  • In defence of gullibility: The epistemology of testimony and the psychology of deception detection.Kourken Michaelian - 2010 - Synthese 176 (3):399-427.
    Research in the psychology of deception detection implies that Fricker, in making her case for reductionism in the epistemology of testimony, overestimates both the epistemic demerits of the antireductionist policy of trusting speakers blindly and the epistemic merits of the reductionist policy of monitoring speakers for trustworthiness: folk psychological prejudices to the contrary notwithstanding, it turns out that monitoring is on a par (in terms both of the reliability of the process and of the sensitivity of the beliefs that it (...)
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  • 'Logic Will Get You From A to B, Imagination Will Take You Anywhere'.Francesco Berto - 2023 - Noûs (3):717-729.
    There is some consensus on the claim that imagination as suppositional thinking can have epistemic value insofar as it’s constrained by a principle of minimal alteration of how we know or believe reality to be – compatibly with the need to accommodate the supposition initiating the imaginative exercise. But in the philosophy of imagination there is no formally precise account of how exactly such minimal alteration is to work. I propose one. I focus on counterfactual imagination, arguing that this can (...)
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  • Parapsychology: Science of the anomalous or search for the soul?James E. Alcock - 1987 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 10 (4):553.
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  • Mental imagery.Nigel J. T. Thomas - 2001 - Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.
    Mental imagery (varieties of which are sometimes colloquially refered to as “visualizing,” “seeing in the mind's eye,” “hearing in the head,” “imagining the feel of,” etc.) is quasi-perceptual experience; it resembles perceptual experience, but occurs in the absence of the appropriate external stimuli. It is also generally understood to bear intentionality (i.e., mental images are always images of something or other), and thereby to function as a form of mental representation. Traditionally, visual mental imagery, the most discussed variety, was thought (...)
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  • How something can be said about telling more than we can know: On choice blindness and introspection.Petter Johansson, Lars Hall, Sverker Sikström, Betty Tärning & Andreas Lind - 2006 - Consciousness and Cognition 15 (4):673-692.
    The legacy of Nisbett and Wilson’s classic article, Telling More Than We Can Know: Verbal Reports on Mental Processes , is mixed. It is perhaps the most cited article in the recent history of consciousness studies, yet no empirical research program currently exists that continues the work presented in the article. To remedy this, we have introduced an experimental paradigm we call choice blindness [Johansson, P., Hall, L., Sikström, S., & Olsson, A. . Failure to detect mismatches between intention and (...)
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  • The construction of subjective experience: Memory attributions.Clarence M. Kelley & Larry L. Jacoby - 1990 - Mind and Language 5 (1):49-68.
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  • The biological function of consciousness.Brian Earl - 2014 - Frontiers in Psychology 5:69428.
    This research is an investigation of whether consciousness—one's ongoing experience—influences one's behavior and, if so, how. Analysis of the components, structure, properties, and temporal sequences of consciousness has established that, (1) contrary to one's intuitive understanding, consciousness does not have an active, executive role in determining behavior; (2) consciousness does have a biological function; and (3) consciousness is solely information in various forms. Consciousness is associated with a flexible response mechanism (FRM) for decision-making, planning, and generally responding in nonautomatic ways. (...)
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  • Cognitive models of verbal hallucinations in schizophrenia.Ralph E. Hoffman - 1987 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 10 (3):534-537.
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  • Beware of samples! A cognitive-ecological sampling approach to judgment biases.Klaus Fiedler - 2000 - Psychological Review 107 (4):659-676.
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  • Hallucinations: Unintended or unexpected?David R. Hemsley - 1987 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 10 (3):532-533.
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  • Episodic future thought and its relation to remembering: Evidence from ratings of subjective experience.Karl K. Szpunar & Kathleen B. McDermott - 2008 - Consciousness and Cognition 17 (1):330-334.
    The goal of the present study was to examine the hypothesis that the ability to construct vivid mental images of the future involves sampling the contents of memory. In two experiments, participants envisioned future scenarios occurring in contextual settings that were represented in memory in varying degrees of perceptual detail. In both experiments, detailed contextual settings were associated with more detailed images of the future and a stronger subjective experience. Our findings suggest that the contents of memory are routinely sampled (...)
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  • Emotion's influence on memory for spatial and temporal context.Katherine Schmidt, Pooja Patnaik & Elizabeth A. Kensinger - 2011 - Cognition and Emotion 25 (2):229-243.
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  • A fact is a fact is a fact.John F. Kihlstrom - 1984 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 7 (2):243.
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  • Hearing Voices in Different Cultures: A Social Kindling Hypothesis.Tanya M. Luhrmann, R. Padmavati, Hema Tharoor & Akwasi Osei - 2015 - Topics in Cognitive Science 7 (4):646-663.
    This study compares 20 subjects, in each of three different settings, with serious psychotic disorder who hear voices, and compares their voice-hearing experience. We find that while there is much that is similar, there are notable differences in the kinds of voices that people seem to experience. In a California sample, people were more likely to describe their voices as intrusive unreal thoughts; in the South Indian sample, they were more likely to describe them as providing useful guidance; and in (...)
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  • False claims about false memory research☆.Kimberley A. Wade, Stefanie J. Sharman, Maryanne Garry, Amina Memon, Giuliana Mazzoni, Harald Merckelbach & Elizabeth F. Loftus - 2007 - Consciousness and Cognition 16 (1):18-28.
    Pezdek and Lam [Pezdek, K. & Lam, S. . What research paradigms have cognitive psychologists used to study “False memory,” and what are the implications of these choices? Consciousness and Cognition] claim that the majority of research into false memories has been misguided. Specifically, they charge that false memory scientists have been misusing the term “false memory,” relying on the wrong methodologies to study false memories, and misapplying false memory research to real world situations. We review each of these claims (...)
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  • Urban Legends and Paranormal Beliefs: The Role of Reality Testing and Schizotypy.Neil Dagnall, Andrew Denovan, Kenneth Drinkwater, Andrew Parker & Peter J. Clough - 2017 - Frontiers in Psychology 8.
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  • Just how does ecphory work?Guy Tiberghien - 1984 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 7 (2):255.
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  • Relations Between Language and Cognition: Evidentiality and Sources of Knowledge.Ercenur Ünal & Anna Papafragou - 2018 - Topics in Cognitive Science 12 (1):115-135.
    Ünal and Papafragou examine what one might call learning “really hard” meanings, that is, evidentials, which linguistically mark the source of information associated with use of a given verb. They explore the relationship between children’s mastery of the relevant nonlinguistic conceptual underpinnings and the linguistic marking of evidentials, and find that the two kinds of mastery show different developmental trajectories, with the relationship far from one‐to‐one. This case study points to the complex and nuanced relationships between language learning and nonlinguistic (...)
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  • Prayer as Inner Sense Cultivation: An Attentional Learning Theory of Spiritual Experience.T. M. Luhrmann & Rachel Morgain - 2012 - Ethos: Journal of the Society for Psychological Anthropology 40 (4):359-389.
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  • The Multiple Perspectives Theory of Mental States in Communication.Daphna Heller & Sarah Brown-Schmidt - 2023 - Cognitive Science 47 (7):e13322.
    Inspired by early proposals in philosophy, dominant accounts of language posit a central role for mutual knowledge, either encoded directly in common ground, or approximated through other cognitive mechanisms. Using existing empirical evidence from language and memory, we challenge this tradition, arguing that mutual knowledge captures only a subset of the mental states needed to support communication. In a novel theoretical proposal, we argue for a cognitive architecture that includes separate, distinct representations of the self and other, and a cognitive (...)
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  • Feels like the real thing: Imagery is both more realistic and emotional than verbal thought.Andrew Mathews, Valerie Ridgeway & Emily A. Holmes - 2013 - Cognition and Emotion 27 (2):217-229.
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  • The role of prefrontal cortex during tests of episodic memory.Scott F. Nolde, Marcia K. Johnson & Carol L. Raye - 1998 - Trends in Cognitive Sciences 2 (10):399-406.
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  • Relations among components and processes of memory.Endel Tulving - 1984 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 7 (2):257.
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  • Episodic versus semantic memory: A distinction whose time has come – and gone?Douglas L. Hintzman - 1984 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 7 (2):240.
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  • Does current evidence from dissociation experiments favor the episodic/semantic distinction?Henry L. Roediger - 1984 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 7 (2):252.
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  • What research paradigms have cognitive psychologists used to study “False memory,” and what are the implications of these choices?K. PezdeK & S. Lam - 2007 - Consciousness and Cognition 16 (1):2-17.
    This research examines the methodologies employed by cognitive psychologists to study “false memory,” and assesses if these methodologies are likely to facilitate scientific progress or perhaps constrain the conclusions reached. A PsycINFO search of the empirical publications in cognitive psychology was conducted through January, 2004, using the subject heading, “false memory.” The search produced 198 articles. Although there is an apparent false memory research bandwagon in cognitive psychology, with increasing numbers of studies published on this topic over the past decade, (...)
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  • Neuropsychological evidence and the semantic/episodic distinction.Alan D. Baddeley - 1984 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 7 (2):238.
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  • Neuroscience and psi-ence.Barry L. Beyerstein - 1987 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 10 (4):571.
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  • “Please wait to be tolerated”: Distinguishing fact from fiction on both sides of a scientific controversy.Gerd H. Hövelmann - 1987 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 10 (4):592.
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  • A Bibliometric Study on Academic Dishonesty Research.Tânia Marques, Nuno Reis & Jorge Gomes - 2019 - Journal of Academic Ethics 17 (2):169-191.
    Educational policy and social sciences researchers have been studying dishonest behaviors among students for a long time. In this bibliometric study we examine the extant literature on academic dishonesty until 2017. We also analyze the specific case of the literature on plagiarism since it is arguably one of the most common academic dishonest behavior. We aim at identifying the intellectual structure of the field of academic dishonesty and plagiarism. Results show that Donald L. McCabe and Richard L. Marsh appear as (...)
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  • Markers of Deception in Italian Speech.Katelyn Spence, Gina Villar & Joanne Arciuli - 2012 - Frontiers in Psychology 3.
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  • Observation versus theory in parapsychology.Irvin L. Child - 1987 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 10 (4):577.
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  • Anthropology and psi.Kenneth L. Feder - 1987 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 10 (4):585.
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  • Evidence of the paranormal: A skeptic's reactions.Martin Gardner - 1987 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 10 (4):587.
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  • Older adults report moderately more detailed autobiographical memories.Robert S. Gardner, Matteo Mainetti & Giorgio A. Ascoli - 2015 - Frontiers in Psychology 6.
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  • ESP and the Big Stuff.Clark Glymour - 1987 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 10 (4):590.
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