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Metaphors We Live By

Ethics 93 (3):619-621 (1980)

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  1. Metáfora y Conocimiento.Iraide Ibarretxe-Antuñano & Brigitte Nerlich - 2000 - Metaphor and Symbol 15 (1):109-116.
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  • Metaphoricity in the Signs of American Sign Language.Jennifer O'Brien - 1999 - Metaphor and Symbol 14 (3):159-177.
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  • Proposal of a Classification of Analogies.David Alvargonzález - 2020 - Informal Logic 40 (1):109-137.
    In this paper, I will propose a classification of analogies based on their internal structure. Selecting the criteria used in that classification first requires discussing the minimal constitutive parts of any analogy. Accordingly, I will discuss the differences between analogy and similarity and between analogy and “synalogy,” and I will stress the importance of the analogy of operations and procedures. Finally, I will set forth a classification of the different types of analogies, which lends itself to a further understanding of (...)
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  • Philosophy for Managers: Reflections of a Practitioner.Esa Saarinen - 2008 - Philosophy of Management 7 (Suppl 1):3-24.
    The aim of this article is to describe the significance and key challenges of philosophy for managers as perceived on the basis of a particular understanding of philosophy and my personal experience as a practitioner.The paper will be more visionary than argumentative. I recognise there are important alternative approaches but I will not engage in detailed analysis of them.2Drawing heavily on my own experience, the paper will present an outline and meta-philosophy of philosophical practices that have proven useful in actual (...)
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  • قراءة في كتاب "الاستعارات التي نحيا بها" تأليف: جورج لايكوف ومارك جونسن.كريمة حميطوش - 2010 - الخطا 6:165-172.
    يخلط كثير من المتعاملين مع موضوع اللغة – تدريسا أو بحثا- بين النحو، والإعراب. وحتى اللغة ولا يكاد التمايز يحصل بين هذه العناوين إلا عند فئة المتخصصين، الذين رفضوا الترادف لمثل هذه المصطلحات. سبب هذا الخلط بلبلة في الفهوم، وبخاصة في مراحل الطلب والاكتساب. وبما أن اللغة ذلك النظام الذي تتعايش فيه، جملة من الفنون اللغوية لكونها عناصر حيوية تحكمها علاقات مقدرة في الفكر، فلا يعني أنها قواعد نحوية أو تقنيات إعرابية وكفى. لأن النحو – بمفهومه التركيبي – لا يعدو (...)
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  • Argumentative approach to "framing": framing, deliberation and action in an environmental conflict.Isabela Fairclough & Irina Diana Madroane - 2020 - Co-herencia 17 (32):119-158.
    This article proposes a new theorization of the concept of framing or framework, in which the argumentation plays a fundamental role. When we talk about making decisions, framing a matter involves offering the audience a prominent and therefore possibly paramount premise in a deliberative process that allows to substantiate as much of the decision as the action. The analysis focuses on the case of The Public Policy Controversy, which, over the years, became a socio-environmental movement and which, in September 2013, (...)
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  • The Importance of Natural Hand Interaction in Virtual Reality : Will Memorization Ability Increase with Higher Sense of Ownership in VR?Julia Rosén, Kai Hübner & Christian Balkenius - 2017 - In Anders Arweström Jansson, Anton Axelsson, Rebecca Andreasson & Erik Billing (eds.), Proceedings of the 13th SweCog Conference. pp. 60-62.
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  • Learning System Thinking : The role of semiotic and cognitive resources.Maria Larsson - 2009 - Lund University Cognitive Studies 145.
    In the course of our educational life we are introduced to various subject areas, each with its specific way of representing knowledge. The challenge for the learner is to be able to think in ways that are supported by, and match, the representational format. A fundamental question for the science of learning concerns how this is achieved. In this thesis, it will be argued that by observing individuals collaboratively constructing their own graphic representations in a subject area that is new (...)
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  • The Appropriation of Ideas, Theories, Concepts and Models by Management Practitioners.Laurence Robinson - 2010 - Dissertation, Coventry University
    During the second half of the 20th century there has been both a burgeoning intellectual interest in business and management as a topic and an exponential growth in the formal study of business and management as an academic subject. Indeed by the end of the century it was estimated that worldwide there were 8,000 business schools and more than 13 million students of business and management. In addition, it was estimated that worldwide annual expenditure on university level business and management (...)
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  • Жест як першометафора невербальної комунікації.Nataliia V. Chumak - 2018 - Вісник Харківського Національного Університету Імені В. Н. Каразіна. Серія «Філософія. Філософські Перипетії» 59:121-127.
    Невербальна мова є своєрідним метафоричним забарвленням вербальної мови, оскільки дозволяє не тільки наділити її насиченим емоційним змістом, але й передати інформацію, недоступну для функції слова. Метафора проявляється не тільки в мові, але також і в процесі мислення та дії. Визначення жесту як першометафори є актуальним в дослідженнях значення та ролі невербальної мови в культурі, спілкуванні та самопізнанні. Призначення метафори, вираженої через жест або мову тіла, полягає в передачі прихованого внутрішнього змісту «послання». Жест як еквівалент першометафори створює ефект максимальної присутності. Такі (...)
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  • The Comprehension of Metaphorical Descriptions Conveying Gender Stereotypes. An Exploratory Study.Eleonora Borelli & Cristina Cacciari - 2019 - Frontiers in Psychology 10.
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  • Proximity Bias Following Affective Metaphors in Patients With Depression—Psychoanalytic Considerations.Iftah Biran, Assaf Tripto & Anat Arbel - 2019 - Frontiers in Psychology 10.
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  • The Influence of Money-related Metaphors on Financial Anxiety and Spending.Mike Kersten, Cathy R. Cox, Erin A. Van Enkevort & Robert B. Arrowood - 2019 - Metaphor and Symbol 34 (4):229-242.
    ABSTRACTPeople often use metaphors to discuss their financial prospects – for example, finding a fortune or searching for wealth. The purpose of the present research was to utilize conceptual metap...
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  • When Time Passes Quickly: A Cognitive Linguistic Study on Compressed Time.Anna Piata - 2019 - Metaphor and Symbol 34 (3):167-184.
    ABSTRACTDespite the prolific literature on the metaphorical representations of time, research on subjective time has been relatively scarce and limited. Interestingly, the linguistic expression of...
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  • Concrete vs. Abstract Semantics: From Mental Representations to Functional Brain Mapping.Nadezhda Mkrtychian, Evgeny Blagovechtchenski, Diana Kurmakaeva, Daria Gnedykh, Svetlana Kostromina & Yury Shtyrov - 2019 - Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 13.
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  • Bridging Heterodox Views on Language and Symbols: Gilbert Durand’s Imaginaire_ and Mark Johnson’s _Image Schemata.Benito García-Valero - 2019 - Gestalt Theory 41 (2):217-230.
    Summary This paper aims to bridge anthropological and cognitivist research undertaken by Gilbert Durand and Mark Johnson, who studied the phenomenon of meaning making in a similar way, although they had to use different terminology as their disciplines demanded. Durand established systematization for analyzing symbolism by taking into account the position of the body and the perceptions determining the underlying schemata of symbols. Two decades later, Mark Johnson described image schemata as gestalts having an internal structure derived from bodily perceptions. (...)
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  • Playing peripatos: Creativity and abductive inference in religion, art and war.Katya Mandoki - 2019 - Semiotica 2019 (230):369-387.
    Peirce proposed the concept of abductive inference to inquire into the generation of new hypotheses and defined it as another term for pragmatism, no less (Admitting, then, that the question of Pragmatism is the question of Abduction, let us consider it under that form. What is good abduction? What should an explanatory hypothesis be to be worthy to rank as a hypothesis? Of course, it must explain the facts. But what other conditions ought it to fulfill to be good? The (...)
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  • The Role of Rhetoric in Economics and Economy.Sławomir Czech - 2019 - Studies in Logic, Grammar and Rhetoric 57 (1):191-203.
    In this paper we attempt to show that rhetoric plays an important role in economics as a science and in economy as a social system. Our task is rather demonstrative, but it aims at stripping away the illusion that economics has acquired a status equal to the natural sciences, in which there is no place for subjectivism and ambiguity. Economics belongs, after all, to the realm of the social sciences and as such it is subject to the limitations of human (...)
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  • Effect of Presentation Format on Judgment of Long-Range Time Intervals.Camila Silveira Agostino, Yossi Zana, Fuat Balci & Peter M. E. Claessens - 2019 - Frontiers in Psychology 10.
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  • Approaching religion through linguistics: methodological throughts on a linguistic analysis of 'religion' in political communication.Stephanie Garling - 2013 - Approaching Religion 3 (1):16-24.
    The constructions of ‘religion’ in general language are seldom themselves in the focus of empirical research. Aiming to retrieve the inherent knowledge that lies within these constructions, this article suggests a term-based textual analysis to focus on the linguistic use of ‘religion’. This method invites us to question the unity of texts through an analysis of textual semantics. It offers the chance to ask about the formation of the concept. The article initially shows how this approach differs from comparative and (...)
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  • Metaphor From the Perspective of Gadamer’s Philosophical Hermeneutics.Sui Xiaoling & Qin Mingli - 2019 - Philosophy Study 9 (2).
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  • Angliškai pinigai purvini, o lietuviškai tik nešvarūs? Metaforos ES direktyvose dėl kai kurių baudžiamųjų veikų: gretinamoji analizė.Inesa Šeškauskienė, Modesta Talačka & Valentinas Niunka - 2016 - Žmogus ir Žodis 18 (3).
    Šiame straipsnyje analizuojamos metaforos ES direktyvose dėl kai kurių baudžiamųjų veikų, konkrečiai, dėl pinigų plovimo ir prekybos žmonėmis. Tyrimas grindžiamas šiuolaikine metaforos samprata, kai abstraktesnė sritis aiškinama konkretesne ir tas turinys reiškiamas kalba, konkrečiai, kalbos metaforomis. Šio tyrimo tikslinė sritis – teisė. Tyrimu siekta nustatyti pagrindines ištakų sritis, pasitelkiamas teisei konceptualizuoti. Be to, siekta nustatyti, ar tos pačios metaforos išlaikomos direktyvų vertimuose į lietuvių kalbą. Tyrimui pasitelkta programinė įranga AntConc leido atrinkti pagrindinius žodžius pagal dažnį. Vėliau analizuoti metaforiniai junginiai. Tyrimo (...)
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  • Filosofía práctica impura y normativa.Guillermo Lariguet - 2014 - Co-herencia 11 (20):187-213.
    En este trabajo defiendo una concepción de la filosofía práctica como disciplina impura y normativa. La impureza exige una mirada más sensible a elementos aportados por disciplinas empíricas y a revalorizar la importancia de la historia para el análisis conceptual. La normatividad requiere abandonar la pretensión de neutralidad de la filosofía práctica. Sostengo que la impureza y la normatividad hacen de la filosofía práctica una disciplina intelectualmente próspera. Para defender esta concepción, explicito una crítica a un modo erróneo de caracterizar (...)
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  • Towards a Multi-level Exploration of Human and Computational Re-representation in Unified Cognitive Frameworks.Ana-Maria Olteţeanu, Mikkel Schöttner & Arpit Bahety - 2019 - Frontiers in Psychology 10.
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  • Progettare scuole insieme: strategie e processi tra spazi e didattiche.Beate Weyland - 2017 - Research Trends in Humanities Education & Philosophy 4:44-55.
    Cosa vuol dire progettare una scuola se si vuole interfacciare spazi e didattiche? Quale contributo può offrire l’universo pedagogico alla progettazione architettonica dello spazio educativo? In che modo si arricchiscono e sostanziano tra loro due mondi apparentemente così lontani come quello della pedagogia e quello dell’architettura? Questo contributo intende offrire indicazioni di carattere metodologico e un esempio concreto per mostrare come una scuola può sviluppare una identità pedagogico-didattica specifica andando ad analizzare ciò che effettivamente è possibile fare, come e quando (...)
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  • Narrating political opportunities: explaining strategic adaptation in the climate movement.Joost de Moor & Mattias Wahlström - 2019 - Theory and Society 48 (3):419-451.
    This article advances theory on social movements’ strategic adaptation to political opportunity structures by incorporating a narrative perspective. Our theory explains how people acquire and use knowledge about political opportunity structures through storytelling about the movement’s past, present, and imagined future. The discussion applies the theory in an ethnographic case study of the climate movement’s mobilization around the UN Climate Summit in Paris, 2015. This analysis demonstrates how a dominant narrative of defeat about the prior protest campaign in Copenhagen, 2009 (...)
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  • Peirce’s universal categories: On their potential for gesture theory and multimodal analysis.Irene Mittelberg - 2019 - Semiotica 2019 (228):193-222.
    Journal Name: Semiotica Issue: Ahead of print.
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  • “Hay que agacharse”: The Embodiment of Culture in the Participant Observer Experience and the Return tothe West.Nina Müller-Schwarze - 2019 - Anthropology of Consciousness 30 (1):7-41.
    Dichotomous categories, such as the West and the rest, primitive and modern, are discussed within a phenomenological theory that suggests humans create structures through which we perceive objects. The perception of culture as an object and its construction through the epistemological practices of fieldwork and interpretation within the metaphor of West and non-Western reveals the structure of sociocultural anthropological inquiry and expresses embodiment of the cosmology of nations. Experiences of, and shared understandings regarding, the body, soul, knowledge, thoughts, emotions, memories, (...)
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  • Deliberately misleading or unintentionally ambiguous?Ewelina Prażmo - 2017 - Pragmatics and Cognition 24 (3):346-372.
    The present paper focuses on the use of deliberately misleading or unintentionally misinformative phrases related to the so called “Polish concentration camp” issue. This problem has been gaining increasing attention in the Polish media and political sphere. In the article I present the background of the problem including the current legal situation, as well as a linguistic analysis of a selection of problematic collocations. I attempt to maintain an objective stance and refrain from passing any emotional judgement on the issue, (...)
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  • Cooking a corporation tax controversy: Apple, Ireland and the EU.Ciara Graham & Brendan K. O’Rourke - 2019 - Critical Discourse Studies 16 (3):298-311.
    ABSTRACTGiven the centrality of corporations in distribution of income and wealth studies, discursive constructions of corporate taxation are essential to understanding the production of inequality. The focus of this study is an interview with Apple’s Chief Executive Tim Cook on the Irish state broadcaster, Raidió Teilifís Éireann’s flagship news programme, Morning Ireland, following the ruling by the European Commission on the corporation tax arrangements between Apple Inc. and Ireland. Drawing on a Critical Discourse Analysis approach, a frame analysis is provided. (...)
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  • Beside Oneself with Rage: The Doubled Self as Metaphor in a Narrative of Brain Injury with Emotional Dysregulation.Jorie Hofstra - 2019 - Journal of Medical Humanities 42 (1):131-146.
    People narrating the experience of dysregulated anger after a brain injury call upon metaphor in patterned ways to help them make sense of their situation. Here, I analyze the use of the metaphor of the doubled self in a personal narrative of brain injury, and I situate this metaphor in its cultural history by analyzing Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde and The Incredible Hulk as landmark moments in its development. A pattern of thought reflecting Seneca’s philosophy on the incompatibility of (...)
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  • Analogy and Visual Content: The Logica memorativa of Thomas Murner.Juan Manuel Campos Benítez - 2019 - Philosophies 4 (1):2.
    In this article, after some thoughts on medieval logic and teaching, we present Thomas Murner’s text, Logica memorativa, showing some of his mnemonic strategies for the student to learn logic quickly. Murner offers a type of “flash cards” that illustrate much of the teaching of logic at the beginning of the sixteenth century. The first impression is visual, because the cards do not contain words that illustrate their content. Murner’s exposition rests on analogies between logic themes that are explained and (...)
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  • El error neurocientífico de Descartes, entre Spinoza y Aquinas. El debate entre Damasio y Stump sobre el carácter eliminativo o vitalista del materialismo en la neuroética, neuropolítica y neuroeconomía.Carlos Ortiz de Landázuri - 2016 - Recerca.Revista de Pensament I Anàlisi 18:107-133.
    Se analiza el debate entre Eleonore Stump y Antonio Damasio a propósito de dos posibles estrategias a la hora de superar el “error” neurocientífico del dualismo cartesiano respecto de la correlación entre mente y cerebro, a saber: o bien se corrige el “error” neurocientífico de Descartes desde un modelo híbrido de tipo monista como el de Spinoza que ahora también se utiliza para justificar un materialismo eliminativo aún más radicalizado, a pesar de seguir manteniendo de un modo meramente heurístico las (...)
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  • Teaching About Energy.Orlando Aguiar, Hannah Sevian & Charbel N. El-Hani - 2018 - Science & Education 27 (9-10):863-893.
    In this article, we draw upon the Conceptual Profile Theory to discuss the negotiation of meanings related to the energy concept in an 11th grade physics classroom. This theory is based on the heterogeneity of verbal thinking, that is, on the idea that any individual or society does not represent concepts in a single way. According to this perspective, the processes of conceptualization consist of the use of a repertoire of different socially stabilized signifiers, adjusted to the context in which (...)
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  • “Just do your job”: technology, bureaucracy, and the eclipse of conscience in contemporary medicine.Jacob A. Blythe & Farr A. Curlin - 2018 - Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics 39 (6):431-452.
    Market metaphors have come to dominate discourse on medical practice. In this essay, we revisit Peter Berger and colleagues’ analysis of modernization in their book The Homeless Mind and place that analysis in conversation with Max Weber’s 1917 lecture “Science as a Vocation” to argue that the rise of market metaphors betokens the carry-over to medical practice of various features from the institutions of technological production and bureaucratic administration. We refer to this carry-over as the product presumption. The product presumption (...)
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  • Placing Abstract Concepts in Space: Quantity, Time and Emotional Valence.Greg Woodin & Bodo Winter - 2018 - Frontiers in Psychology 9.
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  • Figurative uses of the head-denoting words baş_ and _kafa in Turkish idioms.Melike Baş - 2017 - Pragmatics and Cognition 24 (2):138-163.
    This study analyzes the metaphoric and metonymic nature ofbaş/kafa‘head’ in Turkish idiomatic expressions from a cognitive linguistic perspective. The database for the study is composed of idioms containing the two head-denoting wordsbaşandkafa. Idioms and their definitions are analyzed in terms of their figurative uses of abstract concepts, and the conceptual metaphors and metonymies are identified. Findings are examined under five categories: head as the representative of the person, the seat of mental faculties, the locus of emotions, the sign of superiority/power, (...)
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  • When language bites.Sabina Tabacaru - 2017 - Pragmatics and Cognition 24 (2):186-211.
    This article focuses onsarcasm, for which the definitions have often been loose and confusing, integrating it into the concept ofirony. My approach is based on a large corpus of examples taken from two contemporary television-series, which help identify the wide range of linguistic processes at the core of sarcastic utterances. I present a quantitative and descriptive analysis of the main processes found in two American television-series:House M.D.andThe Big Bang Theory. The results show the intricate meanings created in sarcasm through various (...)
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  • ‘I shall prosecute a ruthless war on these monsters … ’: a critical metaphor analysis of discourse of resistance in the rhetoric of Kwame Nkrumah.Mark Nartey - 2018 - Critical Discourse Studies 16 (2):113-130.
    ABSTRACTIn recent years, studies on discourses of resistance in politics have become prevalent, focusing mainly on the language of radical movements and rebel groups, but not the discourses on colonialism, imperialism, and repression which can be considered as potential sites for discourses of resistance. To fill this gap, this paper critically explores how an independence leader utilized metaphor to construct a discourse of resistance against colonialism and imperialism. It analyzes a number of speeches delivered by Kwame Nkrumah, a pioneering Pan-African (...)
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  • Natural, Un-Natural and Detached Mimicry.John Pickering - 2019 - Biosemiotics 12 (1):115-130.
    Natural mimicry is ubiquitous. Plants mimic animals, animals mimic plants, animals mimic each other and animals may even mimic counterfactual states that deceive or distract other animals. Almost all natural mimicry is based on iconicity which hence anchors it in real world resemblances. The vast majority of natural mimicry is done unconsciously but when humans mimic, they know what they are doing. As Merlin Donald suggest, mimicry may in fact have played a crucial role in the emergence of the human (...)
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  • Variability in the Alignment of Number and Space Across Languages and Tasks.Andrea Bender, Annelie Rothe-Wulf & Sieghard Beller - 2018 - Frontiers in Psychology 9.
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  • Understanding Curved Spacetime.Magdalena Kersting & Rolf Steier - 2018 - Science & Education 27 (7-8):593-623.
    According to general relativity, we live in a four-dimensional curved universe. Since the human mind cannot visualize those four dimensions, a popular analogy compares the universe to a two-dimensional rubber sheet distorted by massive objects. This analogy is often used when teaching GR to upper secondary and undergraduate physics students. However, physicists and physics educators criticize the analogy for being inaccurate and for introducing conceptual conflicts. Addressing these criticisms, we analyze the rubber sheet analogy through systematic metaphor analysis of textbooks (...)
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  • A Dual Mechanism of Cognition and Emotion in Processing Moral-Vertical Metaphors.Dongxue Zhai, Yaling Guo & Zhongyi Lu - 2018 - Frontiers in Psychology 9.
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  • Filosofía, filosofía de las ciencias Y la cuestión Del realismo.Marcelo Díaz Soto - 2018 - Alpha (Osorno) 46:199-214.
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  • The JOURNEY metaphor and moral political cognition.Ahmed Abdel-Raheem - 2014 - Pragmatics and Cognition 22 (3):373-401.
    Although researchers have paid much attention to the journey metaphor (e.g., Forceville, 2006a, 2011a, 2011b; Forceville & Jeulink, 2011), little seems known about its role for moral political cognition. Using data from the US and UK public discourses on the Euro crisis as an example, this paper draws on Lakoff’s (1996) Moral Politics Theory, demonstrating that the journey metaphor can play a crucial role for political cognition, and especially for moral political judgment.
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  • Ignorance-Preserving Mental Models Thought Experiments as Abductive Metaphors.Selene Arfini, Claudia Casadio & Lorenzo Magnani - 2019 - Foundations of Science 24 (2):391-409.
    In this paper, we aim at explaining the relevance of thought experiments in philosophy and the history of science by describing them as particular instances of two categories of creative thinking: metaphorical reasoning and abductive cognition. As a result of this definition, we will claim that TEs hold an ignorance-preserving trait that is evidenced in both TEs inferential structure and in the process of scenario creation they presuppose. Elaborating this thesis will allow us to explain the wonder that philosophers of (...)
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  • The process en route: the metaphor of the journey as the dominant narrative for the political discourse in Catalonia.Carlota M. Moragas-Fernández, Marta Montagut Calvo & Arantxa Capdevila Gómez - 2018 - Critical Discourse Studies 15 (5):517-539.
    ABSTRACTPolitical actors use metaphor in their speeches in order to frame political issues [Charteris-Black, J.. Politicians and rhetoric: The persuasive power of metaphor. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan]. If they succeed in imposing a particular frame, especially when there is no agreement on the definition of certain political issues, this can become the prevailing way for referring to that issue [Semino, E.. Metaphor in discourse. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press]. In this research, we argue that this was the case for the metaphor of (...)
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  • Reverse Engineering Complex Cultural Concepts: Identifying Building Blocks of “Religion”.Ann Taves - 2015 - Journal of Cognition and Culture 15 (1-2):191-216.
    Researchers have not yet done an adequate job of reverse engineering the complex cultural concepts of religion and spirituality in a way that allows scientists to operationalize component parts and historians of religion to consider how the component parts have been synthesized into larger socio-cultural wholes. Doing so involves two steps: distinguishing between the generic elements that structure definitions and the specific features used to characterize the generic elements as “religious” or “sacred” and disaggregating these specific features into more basic (...)
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  • Heart and Cognition in Ancient Chinese Philosophy.Ning Yu - 2007 - Journal of Cognition and Culture 7 (1-2):27-47.
    Following the theory of conceptual metaphor in cognitive linguistics, this paper studies a predominant conceptual metaphor in the understanding of the heart in ancient Chinese philosophy: THE HEART IS THE RULER OF THE BODY. The most important conceptual mapping of this metaphor consists in the perceived correspondence between the mental power of the heart and the political power of the ruler. The Chinese heart is traditionally regarded as the organ of thinking and reasoning, as well as feeling. As such, it (...)
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  • Analysing political speeches: rhetoric, discourse and metaphor.Kate Budd - 2014 - Critical Discourse Studies 13 (1):139-141.
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