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  1. The Relationship Between Epistemological and Sociological Cognitive Interests: Some Ambiguities Underlying the Use of Interest Theory in the Study of Scientific Knowledge.Steven Yearley - 1982 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A 13 (4):353.
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  • On the Theory-Dependence of Observations.R. Werth - 1980 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A 11 (2):137.
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  • Observational Data and Scientific Progress.Friedrich Rapp - 1980 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A 11 (2):153.
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  • Durkheim and Mauss revisited: Classification and the sociology of knowledge.David Bloor - 1982 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A 13 (4):267-297.
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  • The halt and the blind: Philosophy and history of science: "Method and appraisal in the physical sciences". [REVIEW]Thomas S. Kuhn - 1980 - British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 31 (2):181-192.
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  • I.1 The Work of a Discovering Science Construed with Materials from the Optically Discovered Pulsar.Harold Garfinkel - 1981 - Philosophy of the Social Sciences 11 (2):131-158.
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  • Szientifik, Hermeneutik, Ideologie-Kritik: Entwurf einer Wissenschaftslehre in erkenntnisanthropologischer Sicht. [REVIEW]K. -O. Apel - 1968 - Man and World 1 (1):37-63.
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  • Weimar culture, causality, and quantum theory, 1918-1927: Adaptation by German physicists and mathematicians to a hostile intellectual environment. [REVIEW]Paul Forman - 1971 - Historical Studies in the Physical Sciences 3 (1).
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  • Philosophy as Rigorous Science.Edmund Husserl - 2002 - New Yearbook for Phenomenology and Phenomenological Philosophy 2:249-295.
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  • Two Dogmas of Empiricism.Willard V. O. Quine - 1951 - Philosophical Review 60 (1):20–43.
    Modern empiricism has been conditioned in large part by two dogmas. One is a belief in some fundamental cleavage between truths which are analytic, or grounded in meanings independently of matters of fact, and truth which are synthetic, or grounded in fact. The other dogma is reductionism: the belief that each meaningful statement is equivalent to some logical construct upon terms which refer to immediate experience. Both dogmas, I shall argue, are ill founded. One effect of abandoning them is, as (...)
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  • Objectivity, rationality, incommensurability, and more. [REVIEW]Harvey Siegel - 1980 - British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 31 (4):359-375.
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  • Epistemological relativism and the sociology of knowledge.Virgil G. Hinshaw - 1948 - Philosophy of Science 15 (1):4-10.
    Since Protagoras' classic “man is the measure of all things,” claims of relativism and counter-claims have been tendered. The nineteenth century saw Durkheim, Levy-Bruhl, Westermarck, Pareto, Marx, and others, suggesting that institutions, customs, moral codes, and the like, are “relative” both to the culture and to the time. At the crest of this wave of “relativism” surged a vicious claim: that truth and knowledge itself were merely functions of particular conditions. The “validity” of knowledge was said to be at the (...)
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  • Methodological realism and scientific rationality.Jarrett Leplin - 1986 - Philosophy of Science 53 (1):31-51.
    In response to recent recognition of the complexities of scientific change, discussion of the objectivity and the rationality of science has focused on criteria of theory choice. This paper addresses instead the rationality of scientific decisions at the level of ongoing research. It argues that whether or not a realist view of theories is compatible with the historical discontinuities of scientific change, certain realist assumptions are crucial to the rationality of research. The researcher must presume that questions about the existence (...)
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  • A confutation of convergent realism.Larry Laudan - 1981 - Philosophy of Science 48 (1):19-49.
    This essay contains a partial exploration of some key concepts associated with the epistemology of realist philosophies of science. It shows that neither reference nor approximate truth will do the explanatory jobs that realists expect of them. Equally, several widely-held realist theses about the nature of inter-theoretic relations and scientific progress are scrutinized and found wanting. Finally, it is argued that the history of science, far from confirming scientific realism, decisively confutes several extant versions of avowedly 'naturalistic' forms of scientific (...)
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  • Natural science as a hermeneutic of instrumentation.Patrick Heelan - 1983 - Philosophy of Science 50 (2):181-204.
    The author proposes the thesis that all perception, including observation in natural science, is hermeneutical as well as causal; that is, the perceiver (or observer) learns to 'read' instrumental or other perceptual stimuli as one learns to read a text. This hermeneutical aspect at the heart of natural science is located where it might be least expected, within acts of scientific observation. In relation to the history of science, the question is addressed to what extent the hermeneutical component within scientific (...)
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  • Realism, underdetermination, and a causal theory of evidence.Richard Boyd - 1973 - Noûs 7 (1):1-12.
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  • Relativism as reductio.Gordon C. F. Bearn - 1985 - Mind 94 (375):389-408.
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  • The Duhem thesis.Roger Ariew - 1984 - British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 35 (4):313-325.
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  • Adaptation of Scientific Knowledge to an Intellectual Environment. Paul Forman's "Weimar Culture, Causality, and Quantum Theory, 1918?1927": Analysis and Criticism. [REVIEW]P. Kraft & P. Kroes - 1984 - Centaurus 27 (1):76-99.
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  • II.2 The Strengths of the Strong Programme.David Bloor - 1981 - Philosophy of the Social Sciences 11 (2):199-213.
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  • III.1 Some Properties of ‘Telling-Order Designs’ in Didactic Inquiry.Kenneth L. Morrison - 1981 - Philosophy of the Social Sciences 11 (2):245-262.
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  • A normative theory of humanistic knowledge.Frans Gregersen & Simo Køppe - 1989 - Zeitschrift Für Allgemeine Wissenschaftstheorie 20 (1):40-53.
    Ausgehend von der Gegenüberstellung der Wissenschaftlichkeit der Naturwissenschaften und der Geisteswissenschaften wird argumentiert, daß Wissenschaftlichkeit nur auf der Basis einer Zusammenstellung wissenschaftstheoretischer, wissenschaftsgeschichtlicher und wissenschaftssoziologischer Kriterien definiert werden kann. Eine solche dreiteilige Definition wird skizziert, und es wird behauptet, daß dies gültig sowohl für die Naturwissenschaften als auch für die Geisteswissenschaften ist. Es folgt daraus, daß es im Prinzip keine Verschiedenheit zwischen der Wissenschaftlichkeit der einen Basiswissenschaft und der anderen gibt. Die Formulierung dreier normativer Kriterien für Wissenschaft als solche schließt (...)
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  • Towards an evolutionary pragmatics of science.Asher Idan & Aharon Kantorovich - 1985 - Zeitschrift Für Allgemeine Wissenschaftstheorie 16 (1):47-66.
    Fundamentismus und Skeptizismus-Anarchismus sind zwei entgegengesetzte Positionen in der traditionellen Erkenntnistheorie und in der modernen Wissenschaftstheorie. Zwischen ihnen gibt es einen dritten Standpunkt, den Evolutionismus. Beispiele sind zwei neuere Arbeiten von Putnam und Stegmüller . Im Gegensatz zum logisch-statischen Fundamentismus berücksichtigt der Evolutionismus auch dynamische und naturalistische Ansätze. Stegmüller folgend entlehnen wir in der vorliegenden Untersuchung aus der Sprachphilosophie pragmatische Gesichtspunkte, um die logische Syntax und Semantik, die Werkzeuge des Fundamentismus, zu ersetzen. Wir zeigen die Kraft der Pragmatik bei der (...)
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  • Truth and Scientific Progress.Jarrett Leplin - 1981 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A 12 (4):269.
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  • Editorial Response to David Bloor.Gerd Buchdahl - 1982 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A 13 (4):299.
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  • Comments on David Bloor.Steven Lukes - 1982 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A 13 (4):313.
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  • A Reply to Gerd Buchdahl.David Bloor - 1982 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A 13 (4):305.
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  • Aether/Or: The Creation of Scientific Concepts.Nancy J. Nersessian - 1984 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A 15 (3):175.
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  • Epistemological Holism: Duhem or Quine?H. Krips - 1982 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A 13 (3):251.
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  • The Evolution of our Understanding of the Cell: A Study in the Dynamics of Scientific Progress.William Bechtel - 1984 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A 15 (4):309.
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  • On the Possibility of 'Closed Theories'.Gernot Böhme - 1980 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A 11 (2):163.
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  • Experiments Are the Key: Participants' Histories and Historians' Histories of Science.G. Nigel Gilbert & Michael Mulkay - 1984 - Isis 75 (1):105-125.
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  • II.1 The Pseudo-Science of Science?Larry Laudan - 1981 - Philosophy of the Social Sciences 11 (2):173-198.
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  • II.3 What is TRASP?: The Radical Programme as a Methodological Imperative.H. M. Collins - 1981 - Philosophy of the Social Sciences 11 (2):215-224.
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  • I.3 Action and Belief or Scientific Discourse? A Possible Way of Ending Intellectual Vassalage in Social Studies of Science.Michael Mulkay - 1981 - Philosophy of the Social Sciences 11 (2):163-171.
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  • Talking History: Reflections on Discourse Analysis.Steven Shapin - 1984 - Isis 75:125-130.
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  • A critique of Shapin's social interpretation of the Edinburgh phrenology debate.G. N. Cantor - 1975 - Annals of Science 32 (3):245-256.
    While many aspects of Shapin's historical thesis are accepted, this paper raises objections to specific parts of his historical account, and also to the historiographical assumptions underlying his sociological programme. In particular, Shapin's claim to have explained the Edinburgh phrenology debate in social terms is analysed and rejected.
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  • The Edinburgh Phrenology Debate: 1803–1828.G. N. Cantor - 1975 - Annals of Science 32 (3):195-218.
    In the late 1810s and 1820s the Edinburgh phrenologists were largely concerned with trying to establish phrenology as the true science of mind. They challenged the accepted theories about the nature of mind and the brain; in turn, phrenology was attacked by the proponents of Scottish common-sense philosophy and by some medical men. The ensuing debate, which is discussed as an example of conflict between incommensurable world-views, involved a wide range of contentious theological, philosophical, scientific and methodological issues.
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  • Phrenological knowledge and the social structure of early nineteenth-century Edinburgh.Steven Shapin - 1975 - Annals of Science 32 (3):219-243.
    This account of the conflict between phrenologists and anti-phrenologists in early nineteenth-century Edinburgh is offered as a case study in the sociological explanation of intellectual activity. The historiographical value and propriety of a sociological approach to ideas is defended against accounts which assume the autonomy of knowledge. By attending to the social context of the debate and the functions of ideas in that context one may construct an explanation of why the conflict took the course it did.
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  • Putting Philosophy to Work: Karl Popper's Influence on Scientific Practice.Michael Mulkay & G. Nigel Gilbert - 1981 - Philosophy of the Social Sciences 11 (3):389-407.
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  • The seven sexes: A study in the sociology of a phenomenon, or the replication of experiments in physics.H. M. Collins - 1975 - Sociology 9 (2):205.
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  • On the Conventional Character of Knowledge and Cognition.Barry Barnes - 1981 - Philosophy of the Social Sciences 11 (3):303-333.
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  • On the 'Hows' and 'Whys' of Cultural Change (Response to Woolgar).Barry Barnes - 1981 - Social Studies of Science 11 (4):481-498.
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  • On The Concept Of Truth In A Historistic Theory Of Science.Kurt Hübner - 1980 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A 11 (June):145-152.
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  • Truth, problem solving and the rationality of science.Harvey Siegel - 1983 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A 14 (2):89-112.
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  • What is the question concerning the rationality of science?Harvey Siegel - 1985 - Philosophy of Science 52 (4):517-537.
    The traditional views of science as the possessor of a special method, and as the epitome or apex of rationality, have come under severe challenges for a variety of historical, psychological, sociological, political, and philosophical reasons. As a result, many philosophers are either denying science its claim to rationality, or else casting about for a new account of its rationality. In this paper a defense of the traditional view is offered. It is argued that contemporary philosophical discussion regarding the rationality (...)
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