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  1. Mental Illness and Psychology.Michel Foucault & Hubert Dreyfus - 1986 - University of California Press.
    This seminal early work of Foucault is indispensable to understanding his development as a thinker. Written in 1954 and revised in 1962, _Mental Illness and Psychology _delineates the shift that occurred in Foucault's thought during this period. The first iteration reflects the philosopher's early interest in and respect for Freud and the psychoanalytic tradition. The second part, rewritten in 1962, marks a dramatic change in Foucault's thinking. Examining the history of madness as a social and cultural construct, he moves outside (...)
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  • (1 other version)Review of Intuition in medicine: a philosophical defense of clinical reasoning by Hillel Braude. [REVIEW]Stephen Buetow - 2012 - Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice 18 (5):1113-1115.
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  • Rhetoric and argumentation: how clinical practice guidelines think.Jonathan Fuller - 2013 - Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice 19 (3):433-441.
    Introduction: Clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) are an important source of justification for clinical decisions in modern evidence-based practice. Yet, we have given little attention to how they argue their evidence. In particular, how do CPGs argue for treatment with long-term medications that are increasingly prescribed to older patients? Approach and rationale: I selected six disease-specific guidelines recommending treatment with five of the medication classes most commonly prescribed for seniors in Ontario, Canada. I considered the stated aims of these CPGs and (...)
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  • Values‐based practice and bioethics: close friends rather than distant relatives. Commentary on 'Fulford (2011). The value of evidence and evidence of values: bringing together values‐based and evidence‐based practice in policy and service development in mental health'.Mona Gupta - 2011 - Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice 17 (5):992-995.
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  • How does a psychiatrist infer from an observed condition to a case of mental disorder?Maël Lemoine - 2012 - Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice 18 (5):979-983.
    The main thesis of this paper is that mental health practitioners can legitimately infer that a patient's given condition is a case of mental disorder without having diagnosed any specific mental disorder. The article shows how this is justifiable by relying either on psychopathological reasoning, on 'intentional' analysis or possibly on other modes of reasoning. In the end, it highlights the clinical and philosophical consequences of the plurality of modes of 'inferences to mental disorder'.
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  • The role of prudent love in the practice of clinical medicine.James A. Marcum - 2011 - Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice 17 (5):877-882.
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  • Medicine and the individual: is phenomenology the answer?Tania L. Gergel - 2012 - Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice 18 (5):1102-1109.
    The issue of how to incorporate the individual's first‐hand experience of illness into broader medical understanding is a major question in medical theory and practice. In a philosophical context, phenomenology, with its emphasis on the subject's perception of phenomena as the basis for knowledge and its questioning of naturalism, seems an obvious candidate for addressing these issues. This is a review of current phenomenological approaches to medicine, looking at what has motivated this philosophical approach, the main problems it faces and (...)
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  • Philosophy, ethics, medicine and health care: the urgent need for critical practice.Michael Loughlin, Ross E. G. Upshur, Maya J. Goldenberg, Robyn Bluhm & Kirstin Borgerson - 2010 - Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice 16 (2):249-259.
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  • Intuition in medicine: a philosophical defense of clinical reasoning.Hillel D. Braude - 2012 - London: University of Chicago Press.
    Intuition in medical and moral reasoning -- Moral intuitionism -- The place of Aristotelian phronesis in clinical reasoning -- Aristotle's practical syllogism: accounting for the individual through a theory of action and cognition -- Individual and statistical physiognomy: the art and science of making the invisible visible -- Clinical intuition versus statistical reasoning -- Contingency and correlation: the significance of modeling clinical reasoning on statistics -- Abduction: the intuitive support of clinical induction -- Conclusion: medical ethics beyond ontology.
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  • The philosophy of evidence-based medicine.Jeremy H. Howick - 2011 - Chichester, West Sussex, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, BMJ Books.
    The philosophy of evidence-based medicine -- What is EBM? -- What is good evidence for a clinical decision? -- Ruling out plausible rival hypotheses and confounding factors : a method -- Resolving the paradox of effectiveness : when do observational studies offer the same degree of evidential support as randomized trials? -- Questioning double blinding as a universal methodological virtue of clinical trials : resolving the Philip's paradox -- Placebo controls : problematic and misleading baseline measures of effectiveness -- Questioning (...)
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  • Philosophy as the Science of Value: Neo-Kantianism as a Guide to Psychiatric Interviewing.Matthew R. Broome - 2008 - Philosophy, Psychiatry, and Psychology 15 (2):107-116.
    Psychiatric interviewing highlights the apparent tension between psychiatry's quest for objectivity and its aim to chart the particular experiences and values of individuals. Neo-Kantian philosophy can help to shed light on this apparent tension. There need be no conflict between an exploration of individual values and scientific inquiry, not least because values play a central role in the selection of facts in scientific observation in general and psychiatric history taking in particular.
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  • Evidence: philosophy of science meets medicine.John Worrall - 2010 - Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice 16 (2):356-362.
    Obviously medicine should be evidence-based. The issues lie in the details: what exactly counts as evidence? Do certain kinds of evidence carry more weight than others? (And if so why?) And how exactly should medicine be based on evidence? When it comes to these details, the evidence-based medicine (EBM) movement has got itself into a mess – or so it will be argued. In order to start to resolve this mess, we need to go 'back to basics'; and that means (...)
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  • The myth of mental illness: foundations of a theory of personal conduct.Thomas Szasz - 1974 - New York,: Harper & Row.
    Now available in a Harper Colophon edition, this classic book has revolutionized thinking throughout the Western world about the nature of the psychiatric profession and the moral implications of its practices. Book jacket.
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  • The View From Nowhere.Thomas Nagel - 1986 - New York: Oxford University Press.
    Human beings have the unique ability to view the world in a detached way: We can think about the world in terms that transcend our own experience or interest, and consider the world from a vantage point that is, in Nagel's words, "nowhere in particular". At the same time, each of us is a particular person in a particular place, each with his own "personal" view of the world, a view that we can recognize as just one aspect of the (...)
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  • (2 other versions)Values‐based practice: Fulford's dangerous idea.Kenneth W. M. Fulford - 2013 - Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice 19 (3):537-546.
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  • Causal hypotheses are useful in medicine, also more limited ones – a response to Robyn Bluhm on 'capacities in psychiatry'.Dieneke Hubbeling - 2013 - Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice 19 (3):562-563.
    This is a response to the response by Robyn Bluhm to my paper, and I am again arguing for a limited role of capacities in psychiatry, given the current scientific uncertainties.
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  • Deciding on suitability for treatment.Harry Lesser - 2013 - Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice 19 (3):442-446.
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  • A short note on probability in clinical medicine.Ross E. G. Upshur - 2013 - Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice 19 (3):463-466.
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  • Metaphysics and medical education: taking holism seriously.Bruce Wilson - 2013 - Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice 19 (3):478-484.
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  • An integrated model of clinical reasoning: dual‐process theory of cognition and metacognition.James A. Marcum - 2012 - Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice 18 (5):954-961.
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  • The application of Cartwright's concept of capacities to complex interventions in psychiatry.Dieneke Hubbeling - 2012 - Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice 18 (5):1013-1018.
    Cartwright and Munro argued that extrapolation of findings from randomized controlled trials to other settings can be difficult because information about the underlying causal structure and subgroups is often not available. They advocated the use of ‘capacities’ – that is fixed causal contributions – in predicting effects of interventions. In psychiatry, it is often not possible to determine what the fixed causal contributions are and one can only establish ‘approximate capacities’. However, using ‘approximate capacities’ does imply a different way of (...)
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  • (1 other version)Models in the balance: evidence‐based medicine versus evidence‐informed individualized care.Andrew Miles & Michael Loughlin - 2011 - Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice 17 (4):531-536.
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  • Interdisciplinary Workshop in the Philosophy of Medicine: Minds and Bodies in Medicine.Marion Godman & Elselijn Kingma - 2013 - Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice 19 (3):564-571.
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  • Mechanisms: what are they evidence for in evidence-based medicine?Holly Andersen - 2012 - Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice 18 (5):992-999.
    Even though the evidence‐based medicine movement (EBM) labels mechanisms a low quality form of evidence, consideration of the mechanisms on which medicine relies, and the distinct roles that mechanisms might play in clinical practice, offers a number of insights into EBM itself. In this paper, I examine the connections between EBM and mechanisms from several angles. I diagnose what went wrong in two examples where mechanistic reasoning failed to generate accurate predictions for how a dysfunctional mechanism would respond to intervention. (...)
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  • The limitations of randomized controlled trials in predicting effectiveness.Nancy Cartwright & Eileen Munro - 2010 - Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice 16 (2):260-266.
    What kinds of evidence reliably support predictions of effectiveness for health and social care interventions? There is increasing reliance, not only for health care policy and practice but also for more general social and economic policy deliberation, on evidence that comes from studies whose basic logic is that of JS Mill's method of difference. These include randomized controlled trials, case–control studies, cohort studies, and some uses of causal Bayes nets and counterfactual-licensing models like ones commonly developed in econometrics. The topic (...)
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  • Ex nihilo nihil fit? Medicine rests on solid foundations.Miles Little - 2013 - Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice 19 (3):467-470.
    There seem to be some misunderstandings abroad in the literature about medical epistemology and person-centered medicine concerning the nature of 'modest' or aetiological foundationalism, and some vagueness about 'emergence'. This paper urges a greater tolerance for a modest, Humean variety of foundationalism, not least because it seems to offer significant support for person-centred medicine. It also suggests a closer examination of emergence as an explanation or justification for medicine, since emergence is a complex concept that does nothing to rule out (...)
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  • Reason and value: making reasoning fit for practice.Michael Loughlin, Robyn Bluhm, Stephen Buetow, Ross E. G. Upshur, Maya J. Goldenberg, Kirstin Borgerson, Vikki Entwistle & Elselijn Kingma - 2012 - Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice 18 (5):929-937.
    Editors' introduction to 3rd thematic issue on philosophy of medicine.
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  • Advancing the evidence‐based healthcare debate.A. Miles, P. Bentley, A. Polychronis, J. Grey & N. Price - 1999 - Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice 5 (2):97-101.
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  • Until RCT proven? On the asymmetry of evidence requirements for risk assessment.Barbara Osimani - 2013 - Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice 19 (3):454-462.
    The problem of collecting, analyzing and evaluating evidence on adverse drug reactions (ADRs) is an example of the more general class of epistemological problems related to scientific inference and prediction, as well as a central problem of the health-care practice. Philosophical discussions have critically analysed the methodological pitfalls and epistemological implications of evidence assessment in medicine, however they have mainly focused on evidence of treatment efficacy. Most of this work is devoted to statistical methods of causal inference with a special (...)
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  • Current thinking in the evidence‐based health care debate.A. Miles, J. E. Grey, A. Polychronis, N. Price & C. Melchiorri - 2003 - Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice 9 (2):95-109.
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  • Science, Practice and Mythology: A Definition and Examination of the Implications of Scientism in Medicine. [REVIEW]Michael Loughlin, George Lewith & Torkel Falkenberg - 2013 - Health Care Analysis 21 (2):130-145.
    Scientism is a philosophy which purports to define what the world ‘really is’. It adopts what the philosopher Thomas Nagel called ‘an epistemological criterion of reality’, defining what is real as that which can be discovered by certain quite specific methods of investigation. As a consequence all features of experience not revealed by those methods are deemed ‘subjective’ in a way that suggests they are either not real, or lie beyond the scope of meaningful rational inquiry. This devalues capacities that (...)
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  • (5 other versions)The View from Nowhere.Thomas Nagel - 1986 - Behaviorism 15 (1):73-82.
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  • Mental disorders are not brain disorders.Natalie F. Banner - 2013 - Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice 19 (3):509-513.
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  • Mere anecdote: evidence and stories in medicine.Robin Nunn - 2011 - Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice 17 (5):920-926.
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  • The concept of health: beyond normativism and naturalism.Richard P. Hamilton - 2010 - Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice 16 (2):323-329.
    Philosophical discussions of health and disease have traditionally been dominated by a debate between normativists, who hold that health is an inescapably value-laded concept and naturalists, such as Christopher Boorse, who believe that it is possible to derive a purely descriptive or theoretical definition of health based upon biological function. In this paper I defend a distinctive view which traces its origins in Aristotle's naturalistic ethics. An Arisotelian would agree with Boorse that health and disease are ubiquitous features of the (...)
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  • The basis of medical knowledge: judgement, objectivity and the history of ideas.Michael Loughlin - 2009 - Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice 15 (6):935-940.
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  • Evidence‐based healthcare, clinical knowledge and the rise of personalised medicine.Andrew Miles, Michael Loughlin & Andreas Polychronis - 2008 - Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice 14 (5):621-649.
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  • If not evidence, then what? Or does medicine really need a base?Ross E. G. Upshur - 2002 - Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice 8 (2):113-119.
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  • Not a philosophy of clinical medicine: a commentary on 'The Philosophy of Evidence‐based Medicine' Howick, J. ed. (2001).Mark R. Tonelli - 2011 - Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice 17 (5):1013-1017.
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  • Compellingness: assessing the practical relevance of clinical research results.Mark R. Tonelli - 2012 - Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice 18 (5):962-967.
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  • Radical liberal values‐based practice.Tim Thornton - 2011 - Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice 17 (5):988-991.
    Values based practice is a radical view of the place of values in medicine which develops from a philosophical analysis of values, illness and the role of ethical principles. It denies two attractive and traditional views of medicine: that diagnosis is a merely factual matter and that the values that should guide treatment and management can be codified in principles. But it goes further in the adoption of a radical liberal view: that right or good outcome should be replaced by (...)
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  • Causality, mathematical models and statistical association: dismantling evidence‐based medicine.R. Paul Thompson - 2010 - Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice 16 (2):267-275.
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  • Clinical judgement, expertise and skilled coping.Tim Thornton - 2010 - Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice 16 (2):284-291.
    Medicine involves specific practical expertise as well as more general context-independent medical knowledge. This raises the question, what is the nature of the expertise involved? Is there a model of clinical judgement or understanding that can accommodate both elements? This paper begins with a summary of a published account of the kinds of situation-specific skill found in anaesthesia. It authors claim that such skills are often neglected because of a prejudice in favour of the ‘technical rationality’ exemplified in evidence-based medicine (...)
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  • The challenge of psychiatric nosology and diagnosis.Drozdstoj Stoyanov, Peter K. Machamer, Kenneth F. Schaffner & Rayito Rivera-Hernández - 2012 - Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice 18 (3):704-709.
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  • Examining fallacies in diagnostic reasoning.C. W. Staden - 2013 - Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice 19 (3):528-530.
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  • Statistics‐based research – a pig in a poke?James Penston - 2011 - Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice 17 (5):862-867.
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  • Addiction: lifestyle choice or medical diagnosis?David Nutt - 2013 - Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice 19 (3):493-496.
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  • Indeterminacy of definitions and criteria in mental health: case study of emotional disorders.George Nikolaidis - 2013 - Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice 19 (3):531-536.
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  • Mechanistic understanding in clinical practice: complementing evidence‐based medicine with personalized medicine.Cecilia Nardini, Marco Annoni & Giuseppe Schiavone - 2012 - Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice 18 (5):1000-1005.
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  • On a Medicine of the Whole Person: away from scientistic reductionism and towards the embrace of the complex in clinical practice.Andrew Miles - 2009 - Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice 15 (6):941-949.
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