Switch to: References

Citations of:

Formal logic: its scope and limits

Indianapolis, IN: Hackett (1990)

Add citations

You must login to add citations.
  1. The limit of language in daoism.Koji Tanaka - 2004 - Asian Philosophy 14 (2):191 – 205.
    The paper is concerned with the development of the paradoxical theme of Daoism. Based on Chad Hansen's interpretation of Daoism and Chinese philosophy in general, it traces the history of Daoism by following their treatment of the limit of language. The Daoists seem to have noticed that there is a limit to what language can do and that the limit of language is paradoxical. The 'theoretical' treatment of the paradox of the limit of language matures as Daoism develops. Yet the (...)
    Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   3 citations  
  • Two-Sided Trees for Sentential Logic, Predicate Logic, and Sentential Modal Logic.Jesse Fitts & David Beisecker - 2019 - Teaching Philosophy 42 (1):41-56.
    This paper will present two contributions to teaching introductory logic. The first contribution is an alternative tree proof method that differs from the traditional one-sided tree method. The second contribution combines this tree system with an index system to produce a user-friendly tree method for sentential modal logic.
    Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  • Normative Reference Magnets.J. Robert G. Williams - 2018 - Philosophical Review 127 (1):41-71.
    The concept of moral wrongness, many think, has a distinctive kind of referential stability, brought out by moral twin earth cases. This article offers a new account of the source of this stability, deriving it from a metaphysics of content: “substantive” radical interpretation, and first-order normative assumptions. This story is distinguished from extant “reference magnetic” explanations of the phenomenon, and objections and replies are considered.
    Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   16 citations  
  • Logic: The Basics (2nd Edition).Jc Beall & Shay A. Logan - 2017 - Routledge.
    Logic: the Basics is an accessible introduction to the core philosophy topic of standard logic. Focussing on traditional Classical Logic the book deals with topics such as mathematical preliminaries, propositional logic, monadic quantified logic, polyadic quantified logic, and English and standard ‘symbolic transitions’. With exercises and sample answers throughout this thoroughly revised new edition not only comprehensively covers the core topics at introductory level but also gives the reader an idea of how they can take their knowledge further and the (...)
    Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   4 citations  
  • Guest Editor’s Introduction: JvH100. [REVIEW]Irving H. Anellis - 2012 - Logica Universalis 6 (3-4):249-267.
    Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  • Counterfactual desire as belief.J. Robert G. Williams - manuscript
    Bryne & Hajek (1997) argue that Lewis’s (1988; 1996) objections to identifying desire with belief do not go through if our notion of desire is ‘causalized’ (characterized by causal, rather than evidential, decision theory). I argue that versions of the argument go through on certain assumptions about the formulation of decision theory. There is one version of causal decision theory where the original arguments cannot be formulated—the ‘imaging’ formulation that Joyce (1999) advocates. But I argue this formulation is independently objectionable. (...)
    Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   1 citation  
  • Proper names as variables.Takashi Yagisawa - 1984 - Erkenntnis 21 (2):195 - 208.
    Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   10 citations  
  • Tree proofs for syllogistic.Peter M. Simons - 1989 - Studia Logica 48 (4):539 - 554.
    This paper presents a tree method for testing the validity of inferences, including syllogisms, in a simple term logic. The method is given in the form of an algorithm and is shown to be sound and complete with respect to the obvious denotational semantics. The primitive logical constants of the system, which is indebted to the logical works of Jevons, Brentano and Lewis Carroll, are term negation, polyadic term conjunction, and functors affirming and denying existence, and use is also made (...)
    Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   2 citations  
  • Relevant analytic tableaux.Michael A. McRobbie & Nuel D. Belnap - 1979 - Studia Logica 38 (2):187 - 200.
    Tableau formulations are given for the relevance logics E (Entailment), R (Relevant implication) and RM (Mingle). Proofs of equivalence to modus-ponens-based formulations are vialeft-handed Gentzen sequenzen-kalküle. The tableau formulations depend on a detailed analysis of the structure of tableau rules, leading to certain global requirements. Relevance is caught by the requirement that each node must be used; modality is caught by the requirement that only certain rules can cross a barrier. Open problems are discussed.
    Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   11 citations  
  • In Memory of Richard Jeffrey: Some Reminiscences and Some Reflections on The Logic of Decision.Alan Hájek - 2006 - Philosophy of Science 73 (5):947-958.
    This paper is partly a tribute to Richard Jeffrey, partly a reflection on some of his writings, The Logic of Decision in particular. I begin with a brief biography and some fond reminiscences of Dick. I turn to some of the key tenets of his version of Bayesianism. All of these tenets are deployed in my discussion of his response to the St. Petersburg paradox, a notorious problem for decision theory that involves a game of infinite expectation. Prompted by that (...)
    Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   3 citations  
  • (1 other version)Can There Be A Proof That Some Unprovable Arithmetic Sentence Is True?Philip Hugly & Charles Sayward - 1989 - Dialectica 43 (3):289-292.
    Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  • Agent‐based computational models and generative social science.Joshua M. Epstein - 1999 - Complexity 4 (5):41-60.
    Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   56 citations  
  • On a New Idiom in the Study of Entailment.R. E. Jennings, Y. Chen & J. Sahasrabudhe - 2011 - Logica Universalis 5 (1):101-113.
    This paper is an experiment in Leibnizian analysis. The reader will recall that Leibniz considered all true sentences to be analytically so. The difference, on his account, between necessary and contingent truths is that sentences reporting the former are finitely analytic; those reporting the latter require infinite analysis of which God alone is capable. On such a view at least two competing conceptions of entailment emerge. According to one, a sentence entails another when the set of atomic requirements for the (...)
    Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   1 citation  
  • Jean van Heijenoort’s Contributions to Proof Theory and Its History.Irving H. Anellis - 2012 - Logica Universalis 6 (3-4):411-458.
    Jean van Heijenoort was best known for his editorial work in the history of mathematical logic. I survey his contributions to model-theoretic proof theory, and in particular to the falsifiability tree method. This work of van Heijenoort’s is not widely known, and much of it remains unpublished. A complete list of van Heijenoort’s unpublished writings on tableaux methods and related work in proof theory is appended.
    Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  • The concept of relevance and the logic diagram tradition.Jan Dejnožka - 2010 - Logica Universalis 4 (1):67-135.
    What is logical relevance? Anderson and Belnap say that the “modern classical tradition [,] stemming from Frege and Whitehead-Russell, gave no consideration whatsoever to the classical notion of relevance.” But just what is this classical notion? I argue that the relevance tradition is implicitly most deeply concerned with the containment of truth-grounds, less deeply with the containment of classes, and least of all with variable sharing in the Anderson–Belnap manner. Thus modern classical logicians such as Peirce, Frege, Russell, Wittgenstein, and (...)
    Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  • The uncertain reasoner: Bayes, logic, and rationality.Mike Oaksford & Nick Chater - 2009 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 32 (1):105-120.
    Human cognition requires coping with a complex and uncertain world. This suggests that dealing with uncertainty may be the central challenge for human reasoning. In Bayesian Rationality we argue that probability theory, the calculus of uncertainty, is the right framework in which to understand everyday reasoning. We also argue that probability theory explains behavior, even on experimental tasks that have been designed to probe people's logical reasoning abilities. Most commentators agree on the centrality of uncertainty; some suggest that there is (...)
    Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   14 citations  
  • Strict Fregean free logic.Scott Lehmann - 1994 - Journal of Philosophical Logic 23 (3):307--336.
    Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   19 citations  
  • The revival of rejective negation.Lloyd Humberstone - 2000 - Journal of Philosophical Logic 29 (4):331-381.
    Whether assent ("acceptance") and dissent ("rejection") are thought of as speech acts or as propositional attitudes, the leading idea of rejectivism is that a grasp of the distinction between them is prior to our understanding of negation as a sentence operator, this operator then being explicable as applying to A to yield something assent to which is tantamount to dissent from A. Widely thought to have been refuted by an argument of Frege's, rejectivism has undergone something of a revival in (...)
    Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   46 citations  
  • Non-conditional 'if's.B. H. Slater - 1996 - Ratio 9 (1):47-55.
    Two uses of ‘if are discussed which do not involve conditions. The first is illustrated in the example ‘If he's here, I don't see him’, the second in ‘He's not a dunce, if a trifle stupid’. A third non‐conditional use, cognate with the first is also mentioned: it would be illustrated in the example ‘If he's a Dutchman, I'll eat my hat’. It is argued that recent attempts to formulate a logic of conditionals have distorted our understanding of ‘if, by (...)
    Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   1 citation  
  • Routley’s formulation of transparency.B. H. Slater - 1992 - History and Philosophy of Logic 13 (2):215-224.
    Routley?s Formula says, for instance, that if it is believed there is a man then there is something which is believed to be a man. In this paper I defend the formula; first directly, but then by looking at work by Gensler and Hintikka against it, and at the original work of Routley, Meyer and Goddard for it. The argument ultimately reduces to a central point about the extensionality of objects in Routley, Meyer and Goddard?s intensional system, i.e. in its (...)
    Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   1 citation  
  • Transgressions Are Equal, and Right Actions Are Equal: some Philosophical Reflections on Paradox III in Cicero’s Paradoxa Stoicorum.Daniel Rönnedal - 2017 - Philosophia 45 (1):317-334.
    In Paradoxa Stoicorum, the Roman philosopher Cicero defends six important Stoic theses. Since these theses seem counterintuitive, and it is not likely that the average person would agree with them, they were generally called "paradoxes". According to the third paradox, (P3), (all) transgressions (wrong actions) are equal and (all) right actions are equal. According to one interpretation of this principle, which I will call (P3′), it means that if it is forbidden that A and it is forbidden that B, then (...)
    Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  • Free logic.John Nolt - 2021 - Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.
    Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   42 citations  
  • The logic of 'unless'.Marthe Chandler - 1982 - Philosophical Studies 41 (3):383 - 405.
    Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  • Linguistics and psychology.Scott Soames - 1984 - Linguistics and Philosophy 7 (2):155 - 179.
    Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   49 citations  
  • On sharp boundaries for vague terms.R. Weintraub - 2004 - Synthese 138 (2):233 - 245.
    The postulation by the “epistemic” theory of vagueness of a cut-off point between heaps and non-heaps has made it seem incredible. Surely, the critics argue, a vague predicate doesn’t divide the universe into a set and its complement. I argue in response that an objection of a similar kind can be leveled against most theories of vagueness. The only two which avoid it are untenable. The objection is less compelling than it initially seems. However, even when this obstacle is removed, (...)
    Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   1 citation  
  • Rules and illusions: A critical study of Rips's the psychology of proof. [REVIEW]Philip N. Johnson-Laird - 1997 - Minds and Machines 7 (3):387-407.
    Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   9 citations  
  • Natural deduction and Hilbert's ɛ-operator.Allen Hazen - 1987 - Journal of Philosophical Logic 16 (4):411 - 421.
    Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   7 citations  
  • Are tableaux an improvement on truth-tables?Marcello D'Agostino - 1992 - Journal of Logic, Language and Information 1 (3):235-252.
    We show that Smullyan's analytic tableaux cannot p-simulate the truth-tables. We identify the cause of this computational breakdown and relate it to an underlying semantic difficulty which is common to the whole tradition originating in Gentzen's sequent calculus, namely the dissonance between cut-free proofs and the Principle of Bivalence. Finally we discuss some ways in which this principle can be built into a tableau-like method without affecting its analytic nature.
    Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   16 citations  
  • Illusions in Reasoning.Sangeet S. Khemlani & P. N. Johnson-Laird - 2017 - Minds and Machines 27 (1):11-35.
    Some philosophers argue that the principles of human reasoning are impeccable, and that mistakes are no more than momentary lapses in “information processing”. This article makes a case to the contrary. It shows that human reasoners commit systematic fallacies. The theory of mental models predicts these errors. It postulates that individuals construct mental models of the possibilities to which the premises of an inference refer. But, their models usually represent what is true in a possibility, not what is false. This (...)
    Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   4 citations  
  • Logic, Models, and Paradoxical Inferences.Isabel Orenes & P. N. Johnson-Laird - 2012 - Mind and Language 27 (4):357-377.
    People reject ‘paradoxical’ inferences, such as: Luisa didn't play music; therefore, if Luisa played soccer, then she didn't play music. For some theorists, they are invalid for everyday conditionals, but valid in logic. The theory of mental models implies that they are valid, but unacceptable because the conclusion refers to a possibility inconsistent with the premise. Hence, individuals should accept them if the conclusions refer only to possibilities consistent with the premises: Luisa didn't play soccer; therefore, if Luisa played a (...)
    Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   25 citations  
  • Putnam, Gödel, and Mathematical Realism Revisited.Alan Weir - 2023 - International Journal of Philosophical Studies 32 (1):146-168.
    I revisit my 1993 paper on Putnam and mathematical realism focusing on the indispensability argument and how it has fared over the years. This argument starts from the claim that mathematics is an indispensable part of science and draws the conclusion, from holistic considerations about confirmation, that the ontology of science includes abstract objects as well as the physical entities science deals with.
    Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  • Wittgensteinian Tableaux, Identity, and Co-Denotation.Kai F. Wehmeier - 2008 - Erkenntnis 69 (3):363-376.
    Wittgensteinian predicate logic (W-logic) is characterized by the requirement that the objects mentioned within the scope of a quantifier be excluded from the range of the associated bound variable. I present a sound and complete tableaux calculus for this logic and discuss issues of translatability between Wittgensteinian and standard predicate logic in languages with and without individual constants. A metalinguistic co-denotation predicate, akin to Frege’s triple bar of the Begriffsschrift, is introduced and used to bestow the full expressive power of (...)
    Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   16 citations  
  • Historical Development of Modern Logic.Jean van Heijenoort - 2012 - Logica Universalis 6 (3-4):327-337.
    Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   7 citations  
  • Ross' paradox and well-formed codices.Erik Stenius - 1982 - Theoria 48 (2):49-77.
    Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   6 citations  
  • Doxastic logic: a new approach.Daniel Rönnedal - 2018 - Journal of Applied Non-Classical Logics 28 (4):313-347.
    In this paper, I develop a new set of doxastic logical systems and I show how they can be used to solve several well-known problems in doxastic logic, for example the so-called problem of logical omniscience. According to this puzzle, the notions of knowledge and belief that are used in ordinary epistemic and doxastic symbolic systems are too idealised. Hence, those systems cannot be used to model ordinary human or human-like agents' beliefs. At best, they can describe idealised individuals. The (...)
    Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   1 citation  
  • Commentary on Benjafield, James & Saroka.Robert C. Pinto - unknown
    Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  • The Boolean Many-Valued Solution to the Sorites Paradox.Ken Akiba - 2022 - Synthese 200 (2):1-25.
    This paper offers the Boolean many-valued solution to the Sorites Paradox. According to the precisification-based Boolean many-valued theory, from which this solution arises, sentences have not only two truth values, truth (or 1) and falsity (or 0), but many Boolean values between 0 and 1. The Boolean value of a sentence is identified with the set of precisifications in which the sentence is true. Unlike degrees fuzzy logic assigns to sentences, Boolean many values are not linearly but only partially ordered; (...)
    Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  • Bochenski on Property Identity and the Refutation of Universals.Dale Jacquette - 2006 - Journal of Philosophical Logic 35 (3):293-316.
    An argument against multiply instantiable universals is considered in neglected essays by Stanislaw Lesniewski and I.M. Bochenski. Bochenski further applies Lesniewski's refutation of universals by maintaining that identity principles for individuals must be different than property identity principles. Lesniewski's argument is formalized for purposes of exact criticism and shown to involve both a hidden vicious circularity in the form of impredicative definitions and explicit self-defeating consequences. Syntactical restrictions on Leibnizian indiscernibility of identicals are recommended to forestall Lesniewski's paradox.
    Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  • Can There be a Proof that an Unprovable Sentence of Arithmetic is True?Philip Hugly & Charles Sayward - 1989 - Dialectica 43 (43):289-292.
    Various authors of logic texts are cited who either suggest or explicitly state that the Gödel incompleteness result shows that some unprovable sentence of arithmetic is true. Against this, the paper argues that the matter is one of philosophical controversy, that it is not a mathematical or logical issue.
    Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  • Precis of the rational imagination: How people create alternatives to reality.Ruth Mj Byrne - 2007 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 30 (5):439-452.
    The human imagination remains one of the last uncharted terrains of the mind. People often imagine how events might have turned out something had been different. The of reality, those aspects more readily changed, indicate that counterfactual thoughts are guided by the same principles as rational thoughts. In the past, rationality and imagination have been viewed as opposites. But research has shown that rational thought is more imaginative than cognitive scientists had supposed. In The Rational Imagination, I argue that imaginative (...)
    Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   13 citations